Arango - Arch

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Arango (ȧrăṉg�), n.; pl. Arangoes (-gōz). [The native name.] A bead of rough carnelian. Arangoes were formerly imported from Bombay for use in the African slave trade. McCulloch.
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Arapaima (�), n. [Prob. native name.] (Zoöl.) A large fresh-water food fish of South America.
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Arara (�), n. [Native name.] (Zoöl.) The palm (or great black) cockatoo, of Australia (Microglossus aterrimus).
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Araroba (?), n. [Tupi.] 1. Goa powder.
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2. A fabaceous tree of Brazil (Centrolobium robustum) having handsomely striped wood; -- called also zebrawood.
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Aration (�), n. [L. aratio, fr. arare to plow.] Plowing; tillage. [R.]
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Lands are said to be in a state of aration when they are under tillage. Brande.
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Aratory (�), a. [LL. aratorius: cf. F. aratoire.] Contributing to tillage.
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Araucaria (�), n. [Araucania, a territory south of Chili.] (Bot.) A genus of tall conifers of the pine family. The species are confined mostly to South America and Australia. The wood cells differ from those of other in having the dots in their lateral surfaces in two or three rows, and the dots of contiguous rows alternating. The seeds are edible.
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Araucariaceae n. 1. 1 a family of tall evergreen cone-bearing trees of South America and Australia with broad leathery leaves; in some classifications included in the Pinaceae.
Syn. -- family Araucariaceae, araucaria family
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Araucarian (�), a. Relating to, or of the nature of, the Araucaria. The earliest conifers in geological history were mostly Araucarian. Dana.
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Araujia n. 1. 1 small genus of South American evergreen vines.
Syn. -- genus Araujia.
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Arawn prop. n. (Welsh mythology) Lord of Annwfn (the other world; land of fairies).
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arb n. [Shortened from arbitrageur.] Someone who engages in arbitrage (who purchases securities in one market for immediate resale in another in the hope of profiting from the price differential); shortened form of .
Syn. -- arbitrageur
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{ Arbalest (�), Arbalist (�), } n. [OF. arbaleste, LL. arbalista, for L. arcuballista; arcus bow + ballista a military engine. See .] (Antiq.) A crossbow, consisting of a steel bow set in a shaft of wood, furnished with a string and a trigger, and a mechanical device for bending the bow. It served to throw arrows, darts, bullets, etc. [Written also arbalet and arblast.] Fosbroke.
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{ Arbalester (�), Arbalister (�), } n. [OF. arblastere, OF. arbalestier. See .] A crossbowman. [Obs.] Speed.
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Arbiter (�), n. [L. arbiter; ar- (for ad) + the root of betere to go; hence properly, one who comes up to look on.] 1. A person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them.
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☞ In modern usage, arbitrator is the technical word.
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2. Any person who has the power of judging and determining, or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.
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For Jove is arbiter of both to man. Cowper.
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Syn. -- Arbitrator; umpire; director; referee; controller; ruler; governor.
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Arbiter, v. t. To act as arbiter between. [Obs.]
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Arbitrable (�), a. [Cf. F. arbitrable, fr. L. arbitrari. See , v. t.] Capable of being decided by arbitration; determinable. [Archaic] Bp. Hall.
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Arbitrage (�), n. [F., fr. arbiter to give judgment, L. arbitrari.] 1. Judgment by an arbiter; authoritative determination. [Archaic]
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2. (Com.) A traffic in bills of exchange (see Arbitration of Exchange).
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3. (Finance) the simultaneous or near simultaneous purchase and sale of the same or closely linked securities or commodities in different markets to make a profit on the (often small) differences in price.
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arbitrager n. same as .
Syn. -- arb, arbitrageur
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arbitrageur n. someone who engages in ; i. e. one who purchases securities in one market for immediate resale in another in the hope of profiting from the price differential.
Syn. -- arb, arbitrager.
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Arbitral (�), a. [L. arbitralis.] Of or relating to an arbiter or an arbitration. [R.]
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Arbitrament (�), n. [LL. arbitramentum.] 1. Determination; decision; arbitration.
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The arbitrament of time. Everett.
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Gladly at this moment would MacIvor have put their quarrel to personal arbitrament. Sir W. Scott.
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2. The award of arbitrators. Cowell.
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Arbitrarily (�), adv. In an arbitrary manner; by will only; despotically; absolutely.
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Arbitrariness, n. The quality of being arbitrary; despoticalness; tyranny. Bp. Hall.
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Arbitrarious (�), a. [L. arbitrarius. See .] Arbitrary; despotic. [Obs.] -- Arbitrariously, adv. [Obs.]
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Arbitrary (�), a. [L. arbitrarius, fr. arbiter: cf. F. arbitraire. See .] 1. Depending on will or discretion; not governed by any fixed rules; as, an arbitrary decision; an arbitrary punishment.
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It was wholly arbitrary in them to do so. Jer. Taylor.
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Rank pretends to fix the value of every one, and is the most arbitrary of all things. Landor.
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2. Exercised according to one's own will or caprice, and therefore conveying a notion of a tendency to abuse the possession of power.
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Arbitrary power is most easily established on the ruins of liberty abused licentiousness. Washington.
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3. Despotic; absolute in power; bound by no law; harsh and unforbearing; tyrannical; as, an arbitrary prince or government. Dryden.
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Coloq. Arbitrary constant , Coloq. Arbitrary function (Math.), a quantity of function that is introduced into the solution of a problem, and to which any value or form may at will be given, so that the solution may be made to meet special requirements. -- Coloq. Arbitrary quantity (Math.), one to which any value can be assigned at pleasure.
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Arbitrate (�), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arbitrated (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Arbitrating (�).] [L. arbitratus, p. p. of arbitrari to be a hearer or beholder of something, to make a decision, to give judgment, fr. arbiter. See .] 1. To hear and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose to arbitrate a disputed case.
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2. To decide, or determine generally. South.
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There shall your swords and lances arbitrate
The swelling difference of your settled hate. Shak.
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Arbitrate (�), v. i. 1. To decide; to determine. Shak.
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2. To act as arbitrator or judge; as, to arbitrate upon several reports; to arbitrate in disputes among neighbors; to arbitrate between parties to a suit.
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Arbitration (�), n. [F. arbitration, L. arbitratio, fr. arbitrari.] The hearing and determination of a cause between parties in controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties.
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☞ This may be done by one person; but it is usual to choose two or three called arbitrators; or for each party to choose one, and these to name a third, who is called the umpire. Their determination is called the award. Bouvier
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Coloq. Arbitration bond , a bond which obliges one to abide by the award of an arbitration. -- Coloq. Arbitration of Exchange , the operation of converting the currency of one country into that of another, or determining the rate of exchange between such countries or currencies. An arbitrated rate is one determined by such arbitration through the medium of one or more intervening currencies.
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arbitrational adj. 1. relating to or resulting from arbitration. an arbitrational settlement
Syn. -- arbitral
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arbitrative adj. 1. of or pertaining to arbitration; relating to or having the authority to arbitrate. an arbitrative board
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Arbitrator (�), n. [L., fr. arbitrari: cf. F. arbitrateur.] 1. A person, or one of two or more persons, chosen by parties who have a controversy, to determine their differences. See .
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2. One who has the power of deciding or prescribing without control; a ruler; a governor.
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Though Heaven be shut,
And Heaven's high Arbitrators sit secure. Milton.
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Masters of their own terms and arbitrators of a peace. Addison.
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Syn. -- Judge; umpire; referee; arbiter. See .
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Arbitratrix (�), n. [L., fem. of arbitrator.] A female who arbitrates or judges.
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Arbitress (�), n. [From .] A female arbiter; an arbitratrix. Milton.
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Arblast (�), n. A crossbow. See .
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Arbor (�), n. [OE. herber, herbere, properly a garden of herbs, F. herbier, fr. L. herbarium. See , and cf. .] A kind of latticework formed of, or covered with, vines, branches of trees, or other plants, for shade; a bower. Sir P. Sidney.
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Arbor, n. [Written also arbour.] [L., a tree, a beam.] 1. (Bot.) A tree, as distinguished from a shrub.
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2. [Cf. F. arbre.] (Mech.) (a) An axle or spindle of a wheel or opinion. (b) A mandrel in lathe turning. Knight.
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arboraceous adj. 1. 1 abounding in trees. an arboraceous landscape
Syn. -- arboreous, woodsy, woody.
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Coloq. Arbor Day , a day appointed for planting trees and shrubs. [U.S.]
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Arborary (�), a. [L. arborarius, fr. arbor tree.] Of or pertaining to trees; arboreal.
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Arborator (�), n. [L., fr. arbor tree.] One who plants or who prunes trees. [Obs.] Evelyn.
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Arbor Dianæ (�). [L., the tree of Diana, or silver.] (Chem.) A precipitation of silver, in a beautiful arborescent form.
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Arboreal (�), a. 1. Of or pertaining to a tree, or to trees; of nature of trees. Cowley.
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2. Attached to, found in or upon, or frequenting, woods or trees; as, arboreal animals.
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Woodpeckers are eminently arboreal. Darwin.
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Arbored (�), a. Furnished with an arbor; lined with trees. “An arboreal walk.” Pollok.
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Arboreous (�), a. [L. arboreous, fr. arbor tree.] 1. Having the form, constitution, or habits, of a proper tree, in distinction from a shrub. Loudon.
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2. Pertaining to, or growing on, trees; as, arboreous moss. Quincy.
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Arborescence (�), n. The state of being arborescent; the resemblance to a tree in minerals, or crystallizations, or groups of crystals in that form; as, the arborescence produced by precipitating silver.
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Arborescent (�), a. [L. arborescens, p. pr. of arborescere to become a tree, fr. arbor tree.] Resembling a tree; becoming woody in stalk; dendritic; having crystallizations disposed like the branches and twigs of a tree. “Arborescent hollyhocks.” Evelyn.
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arboresque adj. 1. resembling a tree in form and branching structure.
Syn. -- arboreal, arboreous, arborescent, arboriform, dendriform, dendroid, dendroidal, treelike, tree-shaped.
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Arboret (�), n. [OF. arboret, dim. of arbre tree, L. arbor] A small tree or shrub. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Among thick-woven arborets, and flowers
Imbordered on each bank. Milton.
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Arboretum (�), n.; pl. Arboreta (�). [L., a place grown with trees.] A place in which a collection of rare trees and shrubs is cultivated for scientific or educational purposes.
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Arborical (�), a. Relating to trees. [Obs.]
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Arboricole (�), a. [L. arbor + colere to inhabit.] (Zoöl.) Tree-inhabiting; -- said of certain birds.
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Arboricultural (�), a. Pertaining to arboriculture. Loudon.
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Arboriculture (?; 135), n. [L. arbor tree + cultura. See .] The cultivation of trees and shrubs, chiefly for timber or for ornamental purposes.
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Arboriculturist, n. One who cultivates trees.
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Arboriform (�), a. Treelike in shape.
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Arborist (�), n. [F. arboriste, fr. L. arbor tree.] One who makes trees his study, or who is versed in the knowledge of trees. Howell.
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Arborization (�), n. [Cf. F. arborisation, fr. L. arbor tree.] The appearance or figure of a tree or plant, as in minerals or fossils; a dendrite.
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Arborized (�), a. Having a treelike appearance. “An arborized or moss agate.” Wright.
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Arborous (�), a. Formed by trees. [Obs.]
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From under shady, arborous roof. Milton.
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Arbor vine (�). A species of bindweed.
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Arbor vitæ (�). [L., tree of life.] 1. (Bot.) An evergreen tree of the cypress tribe, genus Thuja. The American species is the Thuja occidentalis.
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2. (Anat.) The treelike disposition of the gray and white nerve tissues in the cerebellum, as seen in a vertical section.
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Arbuscle (�), n. [L. arbuscula small tree, shrub, dim. of arbor tree.] A dwarf tree, one in size between a shrub and a tree; a treelike shrub. Bradley.
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Arbuscular (�), a. Of or pertaining to a dwarf tree; shrublike. Da Costa.
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Arbustive (�), a. [L. arbustivus, fr. arbustum place where trees are planted.] Containing copses of trees or shrubs; covered with shrubs. Bartram.
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{ Arbutus (�), Arbute (�), } n. [L. arbutus, akin to arbor tree.] The strawberry tree, a genus of evergreen shrubs, of the Heath family. It has a berry externally resembling the strawberry; the arbute tree.
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Coloq. Trailing arbutus (Bot.), a creeping or trailing plant of the Heath family (Epigæa repens), having white or usually rose-colored flowers with a delicate fragrance, growing in small axillary clusters, and appearing early in the spring; in New England known as mayflower; -- called also ground laurel. Gray.
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Arc (�), n. [F. arc, L. arcus bow, arc. See , n.] 1. (Geom.) A portion of a curved line; as, the arc of a circle or of an ellipse.
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2. A curvature in the shape of a circular arc or an arch; as, the colored arc (the rainbow); the arc of Hadley's quadrant.
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3. An arch. [Obs.]
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Statues and trophies, and triumphal arcs. Milton.
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4. The apparent arc described, above or below the horizon, by the sun or other celestial body. The diurnal arc is described during the daytime, the nocturnal arc during the night.
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Coloq. Electric arc , Coloq. Voltaic arc . See under .
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Arc (ärk), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Arcked (ärkt); p. pr. & vb. n. Arcking.] (Elec.) To form a voltaic arc, as an electrical current in a broken or disconnected circuit.
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Arca n. 1. 1 the type genus of the family Arcidae, including ark shells and blood clams.
Syn. -- genus Arca.
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Arcade (�), n. [F. arcade, Sp. arcada, LL. arcata, fr. L. arcus bow, arch.] 1. (Arch.) (a) A series of arches with the columns or piers which support them, the spandrels above, and other necessary appurtenances; sometimes open, serving as an entrance or to give light; sometimes closed at the back (as in the cut) and forming a decorative feature. (b) A long, arched building or gallery.
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2. An arched or covered passageway or avenue.
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Arcaded (�), a. Furnished with an arcade.
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Arcadia (�), n. [L. Arcadia, Gr. �.] 1. A mountainous and picturesque district of Greece, in the heart of the Peloponnesus, whose people were distinguished for contentment and rural happiness.
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2. Fig.: Any region or scene of simple pleasure and untroubled quiet.
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Where the cow is, there is Arcadia. J. Burroughs.
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{ Arcadian (�), Arcadic (�), } a. [L. Arcadius, Arcadicus, fr. Arcadia: cf. F. Arcadien, Arcadique.] 1. Of or pertaining to Arcadia; pastoral; ideally rural; as, Arcadian simplicity or scenery.
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2. the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken by Arcadians.
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Arcane (�), a. [L. arcanus.] Hidden; secret. [Obs.] “The arcane part of divine wisdom.” Berkeley.
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Arcanum (�), n.; pl. Arcana (�). [L., fr. arcanus closed, secret, fr. arca chest, box, fr. arcere to inclose. See .] 1. A secret; a mystery; -- generally used in the plural.
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Inquiries into the arcana of the Godhead. Warburton.
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2. (Med.) A secret remedy; an elixir. Dunglison.
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arc-boutant (ärb�täN), n. [F.] (Arch.) A buttress that stands apart from the main structure and connected to it by an arch; same as flying buttress. Gwilt.
Syn. -- flying buttress
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arcella n. An amoebalike protozoan with a chitinous shell resembling an umbrella.
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Arcellidae prop. n. A natural family of soil and freshwater protozoa; cosmopolitan.
Syn. -- family Arcellidae.
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Arceuthobium prop. n. A genus of chiefly American plants parasitic on conifers.
Syn. -- genus Arceuthobium.
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Arch (ärch), n. [F. arche, fr. LL. arca, for arcus. See .] 1. (Geom.) Any part of a curved line.
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2. (Arch.) (a) Usually a curved member made up of separate wedge-shaped solids, with the joints between them disposed in the direction of the radii of the curve; used to support the wall or other weight above an opening. In this sense arches are segmental, round (i. e., semicircular), or pointed. (b) A flat arch is a member constructed of stones cut into wedges or other shapes so as to support each other without rising in a curve.
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☞ Scientifically considered, the arch is a means of spanning an opening by resolving vertical pressure into horizontal or diagonal thrust.
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3. Any place covered by an arch; an archway; as, to pass into the arch of a bridge.
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4. Any curvature in the form of an arch; as, the arch of the aorta. “Colors of the showery arch.” Milton.
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Coloq. Triumphal arch , a monumental structure resembling an arched gateway, with one or more passages, erected to commemorate a triumph.
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Arch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arched (ärcht); p. pr. & vb. n. Arching.] 1. To cover with an arch or arches.
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2. To form or bend into the shape of an arch.
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The horse arched his neck. Charlesworth.
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Arch, v. i. To form into an arch; to curve.
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