Blackcap - Blade

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2. A book compiled in the twelfth century, containing a description of the court of exchequer of England, an official statement of the revenues of the crown, etc.
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3. A book containing details of the enormities practiced in the English monasteries and religious houses, compiled by order of their visitors under Henry VIII., to hasten their dissolution.
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4. A book of admiralty law, of the highest authority, compiled in the reign of Edw. III. Bouvier. Wharton.
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5. A book kept for the purpose of registering the names of persons liable to censure or punishment, as in the English universities, or the English armies.
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6. Any book which treats of necromancy.
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7. A book containing a .
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8. A book kept by a single man, containing a list of women whom he calls occasionally for a social date; -- usually used in the phrase little black book. [jocose]
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Black box (blăkbŏks), n. 1. any electronic instrument or part of an instrument whose function is defined, but which is treated as a unit without consideration of the internal mechanisms; broadly, any device whose internal workings are considered as incomprehensible or mysterious by the user; as, to treat the meter as a black box and take its readings on faith.
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2. (aviation) a device which maintains a record of cockpit conversations and the readings of many of the instruments on board an aircraft, continuously or at frequent time intervals during a flight. It is of rugged design to withstand a violent crash, and is used to determine the causes of aircraft accidents. They are often brightly colored to assist recovery, not actually black.
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Black-browed (blăkbroud), a. Having black eyebrows. Hence: Gloomy; dismal; threatening; forbidding. Shak. Dryden.
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Blackburnian warbler (�). [Named from Mrs. Blackburn, an English lady.] (Zoöl.) A beautiful warbler of the United States (Dendroica Blackburniæ). The male is strongly marked with orange, yellow, and black on the head and neck, and has an orange-yellow breast.
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Blackcap (-kăp), n. 1. (Zoöl.) (a) A small European song bird (Sylvia atricapilla), with a black crown; the mock nightingale. (b) An American titmouse (Parus atricapillus); the chickadee. Also called the black-cap chickadee.
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2. (Cookery) An apple roasted till black, to be served in a dish of boiled custard.
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3. The black raspberry.
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blackcap chickadee Same as {1b}.
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Blackcoat (�), n. A clergyman; -- familiarly so called, as a soldier is sometimes called a redcoat or a bluecoat.
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Blackcock (�), n. (Zoöl.) The male of the European black grouse (Tetrao tetrix, Linn.); -- so called by sportsmen. The female is called gray hen. See .
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Black comedy (blăk kŏmĕd�), n. (Drama) a comedy that treats of morbid, tragic, gloomy, or grotesque situations as a major element of the plot.
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Black death (�). A pestilence which ravaged Europe and Asia in the fourteenth century.
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Blacken (�), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackened (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Blackening.] [See , a., and cf. , v. t. ] 1. To make or render black.
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While the long funerals blacken all the way. Pope.
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2. To make dark; to darken; to cloud. “Blackened the whole heavens.” South.
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3. To defame; to sully, as reputation; to make infamous; as, vice blackens the character.
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Syn. -- To denigrate; defame; vilify; slander; calumniate; traduce; malign; asperse.
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Blacken, v. i. To grow black or dark.
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Blackener (�), n. One who blackens.
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Black-eyed (�), a. Having black eyes. Dryden.
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Black-eyed Susan. (Bot.) (a) The coneflower, or yellow daisy (Rudbeckia hirta). (b) The bladder ketmie.
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Black-faced (�), a. Having a black, dark, or gloomy face or aspect.
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Blackfeet (�), n. pl. (Ethn.) A tribe of North American Indians formerly inhabiting the country from the upper Missouri River to the Saskatchewan, but now much reduced in numbers.
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Blackfin (�), n. (Zoöl.) See .
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Blackfish (�), n. 1. (Zoöl.) A small kind of whale, of the genus Globicephalus, of several species. The most common is Globicephalus melas. Also sometimes applied to other whales of larger size.
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2. (Zoöl.) The tautog of New England (Tautoga).
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3. (Zoöl.) The black sea bass (Centropristis atrarius) of the Atlantic coast. It is excellent food fish; -- locally called also black Harry.
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4. (Zoöl.) A fish of southern Europe (Centrolophus pompilus) of the Mackerel family.
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5. (Zoöl.) The female salmon in the spawning season.
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☞ The name is locally applied to other fishes.
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Black Flags. An organization composed originally of Chinese rebels that had been driven into Tonkin by the suppression of the Taiping rebellion, but later increased by bands of pirates and adventurers. It took a prominent part in fighting the French during their hostilities with Anam, 1873-85.
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black fly, blackfly, (Zoöl.) 1. In the United States, a small, venomous, two-winged fly of the genus Simulium of several species, exceedingly abundant and troublesome in the northern forests; -- called also buffalo gnat. The larvæ are aquatic. It sucks the blood of birds as well as humans and other mammals.
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2. A black plant louse, as the bean aphis (Aphis fabæ), which infests e. g. beans and sugar beets; -- called also bean aphid.
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Blackfoot (�), a. Of or pertaining to the Blackfeet; as, a Blackfoot Indian. -- n. A Blackfoot Indian.
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Black-footed ferret (�), n. a weasellike mammal (Mustela nigripes) inhabiting the western North American prairie, having dark feet, a dark-tipped tail, and a dark face on a yellowish-brown coat. It is an endangered species.
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Blackfriar, Black friar (�). (Eccl.) A friar of the Dominican order, so named becaise wearing wearing the black mantle of the Dominicans; -- called also predicant and preaching friar; in France, Jacobin. Also, sometimes, a Benedictine.
Syn. -- Dominican.
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Black Friday. Any Friday on which a public disaster has occurred, as: In England, December 6, 1745, when the news of the landing of the Pretender reached London, or May 11, 1866, when a financial panic commenced. In the United States, September 24, 1869, and September 18, 1873, on which financial panics began.
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Blackguard (blăggärd), n. [Black + guard.] 1. The scullions and lower menials of a court, or of a nobleman's household, who, in a removal from one residence to another, had charge of the kitchen utensils, and being smutted by them, were jocularly called the “black guard”; also, the servants and hangers-on of an army. [Obs.]
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A lousy slave, that . . . rode with the black guard in the duke's carriage, 'mongst spits and dripping pans. Webster (1612).
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2. The criminals and vagrants or vagabonds of a town or community, collectively. [Obs.]
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3. A person of stained or low character, esp. one who uses scurrilous language, or treats others with foul abuse; a scoundrel; a rough.
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A man whose manners and sentiments are decidedly below those of his class deserves to be called a blackguard. Macaulay.
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4. A vagrant; a bootblack; a gamin. [Obs.]
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Blackguard, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackguarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Blackguarding.] To revile or abuse in scurrilous language. Southey.
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Blackguard, a. Scurrilous; abusive; low; worthless; vicious; as, blackguard language.
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Blackguardism (�), n. The conduct or language of a blackguard; ruffianism.
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Blackguardly, adv. & a. In the manner of or resembling a blackguard; abusive; scurrilous; ruffianly.
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black-haired adj. having black head hair; -- of people.
Syn. -- dark-haired, raven-haired.
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Black Hamburg (?). A sweet and juicy variety of European grape, of a dark purplish black color, much grown under glass in northern latitudes.
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Black Hand. [A trans. of Sp. mano negra.] 1. A Spanish anarchistic society, many of the members of which were imprisoned in 1883.
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2. A lawless or blackmailing secret society, esp. among Italians. [U. S.]
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Blackhead (�), n. (Zoöl.) The scaup duck.
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Blackheart (�), n. A heart-shaped cherry with a very dark-colored skin.
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black-hearted, a. Having a wicked, malignant disposition; morally bad.
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black hole (�). A dungeon or dark cell in a prison; a military lock-up or guardroom; -- now commonly with allusion to the cell (the Black Hole) in a fort at Calcutta (called the Black Hole of Calcutta), into which 146 English prisoners were thrust by the nabob Suraja Dowla on the night of June 20, 1765, and in which 123 of the prisoners died before morning from lack of air.
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A discipline of unlimited autocracy, upheld by rods, and ferules, and the black hole. H. Spencer.
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2. (Physics, Astron.) An astronomical object whose mass is so condensed that the gravitational force does not allow anything, even light, to escape from its outer limit (the event horizon). The existence of such objects was first proposed from theoretical considerations. Because light cannot escape from such objects, they have not yet been detected with certainty (1998), but several candidates have been observed whose properties strongly suggest that they are black holes. Some theorists suggest that the centers of many galaxies may have large black holes at their cores. See also .
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3. [from the astronomical black hole.] a place into which things may enter, but can never emerge. [Fig., Jocose] He was so disorganized his office was a black hole.
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blacking, n. 1. Any preparation for making things black; esp. one for giving a black luster to boots and shoes, or to stoves.
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2. The act or process of making black.
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Blackish, a. Somewhat black.
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Black-jack, n. 1. (Min.) A name given by English miners to sphalerite, or zinc blende; -- called also false galena. See .
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2. Caramel or burnt sugar, used to color wines, spirits, ground coffee, etc.
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3. A large leather vessel for beer, etc. [Obs.]
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4. (Bot.) The Quercus nigra, or barren oak.
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5. The ensign of a pirate.
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Black lead (�). Plumbago; graphite. It leaves a blackish mark somewhat like lead. See .
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Blacklead, black-lead, v. t. To coat or to polish with black lead (graphite).
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Blackleg (�), n. 1. A notorious gambler. [Colloq.]
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2. A disease among calves and sheep, characterized by a settling of gelatinous matter in the legs, and sometimes in the neck. [Eng.]
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Black letter (�). The old English or Gothic letter, in which the Early English manuscripts were written, and the first English books were printed. It was conspicuous for its blackness. See .
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Black-letter, a. 1. Written or printed in black letter; as, a black-letter manuscript or book.
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2. Given to the study of books in black letter; that is, of old books; out of date.
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Kemble, a black-letter man! J. Boaden.
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3. Of or pertaining to the days in the calendar not marked with red letters as saints' days; -- compare red-letter. Hence: Unlucky; inauspicious.
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Blacklist (�), v. t. To put in a black list as deserving of suspicion, censure, or punishment; esp. to put in a list of persons stigmatized as insolvent or untrustworthy, -- as tradesmen and employers do for mutual protection; as, to blacklist a workman who has been discharged. See Black list, under , a.
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If you blacklist us, we will boycott you. John Swinton.
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black lung black lung disease (?), n. (Med.) the popular name for a form of the chronic lung disease which is observed among coal miners, and is caused by the inhalation of coal dust. It is thus named because of the black appearance of the lungs ( ) of those affected with the disease. See also the related condition .
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Blackly, adv. In a black manner; darkly, in color; gloomily; threateningly; atrociously. “Deeds so blackly grim and horrid.” Feltham.
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Blackmail (�), n. [Black + mail a piece of money.] 1. A certain rate of money, corn, cattle, or other thing, anciently paid, in the north of England and south of Scotland, to certain men who were allied to robbers, or moss troopers, to be by them protected from pillage. Sir W. Scott.
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2. Payment of money exacted by means of intimidation; also, extortion of money from a person by threats of public accusation, exposure, or censure.
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3. (Eng. Law) Black rent, or rent paid in corn, flesh, or the lowest coin, a opposed to “white rent”, which paid in silver.
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Coloq. To levy blackmail , to extort money by threats, as of injury to one's reputation.
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Blackmail, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Blackmailed (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Blackmailing.] To extort money from by exciting fears of injury other than bodily harm, as injury to reputation, distress of mind, etc.; as, to blackmail a merchant by threatening to expose an alleged fraud. [U. S.]
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Blackmailer (�), n. One who extorts, or endeavors to extort, money, by black mailing.
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Blackmailing, n. The act or practice of extorting money by exciting fears of injury other than bodily harm, as injury to reputation.
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Black Maria (�). a .
Syn. -- patrol wagon, paddy wagon. [PJC]

black market n. 1. the illicit buying and selling of goods, in violation of price controls, rationing, tax laws, prohibition of sale, etc.
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2. a place where such illegal commerce is conducted, or the entire system of such illicit commerce considered as a whole; as, the black market accounts for twenty percent of the Ukrainian economy.
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black-market adj. distributed or sold illicitly.
Syn. -- bootleg, contraband, smuggled.
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Black Monday (�). 1. Easter Monday, so called from the severity of that day in 1360, which was so unusual that many of Edward III.'s soldiers, then before Paris, died from the cold. Stow.
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Then it was not for nothing that my nose fell a bleeding on Black Monday last. Shak.
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2. The first Monday after the holidays; -- so called by English schoolboys. Halliwell.
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Black monk (�). A Benedictine monk.
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Blackmoor (�), n. See .
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Black-mouthed (�), a. Using foul or scurrilous language; slanderous.
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Blackness, n. The quality or state of being black; black color; atrociousness or enormity in wickedness.
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They're darker now than blackness. Donne.
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blackout n. 1. a suspension of radio or tv broadcasting.
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2. any darkness resulting from the extinction of lights.
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3. the failure of electric power for a general region sufficient to extinguish all normal lighting.
Syn. -- brownout, dimout.
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4. a momentary loss of consciousness.
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5. partial or total loss of memory. he has a total blackout for events of the evening
Syn. -- amnesia, memory loss.
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6. a period during which artificial lighting is forbidden, as in a city as a precaution against an air raid.
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7. (Theater) the darkening of all stage lights, as at then end of a performance or between acts.
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8. suppression of information distribution; as, there was a blackout on news from the military for the first day of the Gulf War.
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9. the prohibition of the broadcasting of a sports event, such as a boxing match or football game, sometimes confined to one particular area. It is usually done to encourage sales of tickets to the event.
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black out v. i. to experience a temporary loss of consciousness, memory, or vision.
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black out v. t. 1. to cause to become black, such as a stage, a computer screen, or a city.
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2. to impose a blackout on (news or a sports event).
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3. to make (a written text) illegible by applying a black ink over it; to blot out.
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4. to suppress (a memory).
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Blackpoll (�), n. [Black + poll head.] (Zoöl.) A warbler of the United States (Dendroica striata).
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Black pudding (�). A kind of sausage made of blood, suet, etc., thickened with meal.
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And fat black puddings, -- proper food,
For warriors that delight in blood. Hudibras.
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Black Rod (�). (a) the usher to the Chapter of the Garter, so called from the black rod which he carries. He is of the king's chamber, and also usher to the House of Lords. [Eng.] (b) An usher in the legislature of British colonies. Cowell.
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Committed to the custody of the Black Rod. Macaulay.
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Blackroot, n. (Bot.) See .
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Blacks (�), n. pl. 1. The name of a kind of in used in copperplate printing, prepared from the charred husks of the grape, and residue of the wine press.
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2. Soot flying in the air. [Eng.]
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3. Black garments, etc. See , n., 4.
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Blacksalter (�), n. One who makes crude potash, or black salts.
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Black salts (�). Crude potash. De Colange.
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Blacksmith (�), n. [Black (in allusion to the color of the metal) + smith. Cf. .] 1. A smith who works in iron with a forge, and makes iron utensils, horseshoes, etc.
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The blacksmith may forge what he pleases. Howell.
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2. (Zoöl.) A fish of the Pacific coast (Chromis punctipinnis, or Heliastes punctipinnis), of a blackish color.
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{ Black snake (snāk) or Blacksnake }, n. (Zoöl.) A snake of a black color, of which two species are common in the United States, the Bascanium constrictor, or racer, sometimes six feet long, and the Scotophis Alleghaniensis, seven or eight feet long.
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☞ The name is also applied to various other black serpents, as Natrix atra of Jamaica.
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Black Spanish. One of an old and well-known Mediterranean breed of domestic fowls with glossy black plumage, blue legs and feet, bright red comb and wattles, and white face. They are remarkable as egg layers.
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Blackstrap (-străp), n. 1. A mixture of spirituous liquor (usually rum) and molasses.
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No blackstrap to-night; switchel, or ginger pop. Judd.
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2. Bad port wine; any common wine of the Mediterranean; -- so called by sailors.
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Blacktail (�), n. [Black + tail.] 1. (Zoöl.) A fish; the ruff or pope.
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2. (Zoöl.) The black-tailed deer (Cervus Columbianus or Cariacus Columbianus) of California and Oregon; also, the mule deer of the Rocky Mountains. See .
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Blackthorn (�), n. (Bot.) (a) A spreading thorny shrub or small tree (Prunus spinosa), with blackish bark, and bearing little black plums, which are called sloes; the sloe. (b) A species of Cratægus or hawthorn (Cratægus tomentosa). Both are used for hedges.
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black-tie adj. requiring semiformal evening clothes, e. g. a black bowtie and a tuxedo or dinner jacket for men, and a formal dress for women; contrasted with white-tie, for a fully formal occasion, and with informal, and casual. a black-tie dinner
Syn. -- semi-formal, semiformal.
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blacktop n. 1. a bituminous material used for providing a smooth paving to a road.
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2. the surface of a road paved with blacktop{1}.
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blacktopped adj. paved with a bituminous material; -- of roads or paths; as, a blacktopped driveway.
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Black vomit (�). (Med.) A copious vomiting of dark-colored matter; or the substance so discharged; -- one of the most fatal symptoms in yellow fever.
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{ Black wash (blăkwŏsh) or Blackwash }, n. 1. (Med.) A lotion made by mixing calomel and lime water.
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2. A wash that blackens, as opposed to whitewash; hence, figuratively, calumny.
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To remove as far as he can the modern layers of black wash, and let the man himself, fair or foul, be seen. C. Kingsley.
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blackwash (blăkwŏsh), v. 1. same as .
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2. to color with blackwash.
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Blackwater State. Nebraska; -- a nickname alluding to the dark color of the water of its rivers, due to the presence of a black vegetable mold in the soil.
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blackwater n. any of several human or animal diseases characterized by dark urine resulting from rapid breakdown of red blood cells; -- used especially of Coloq. blackwater fever , a severe form of malaria caused by the blood parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
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Blackwood (blăkw�d), n. A name given to several dark-colored timbers. The East Indian black wood is from the tree Dalbergia latifolia. Balfour.
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Blackwork (�), n. Work wrought by blacksmiths; -- so called in distinction from that wrought by whitesmiths. Knight.
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Bladder (blăddẽr), n. [OE. bladder, bleddre, AS. blǣdre, blǣddre; akin to Icel. blaðra, SW. bläddra, Dan. blære, D. blaar, OHG. blātara the bladder in the body of animals, G. blatter blister, bustule; all fr. the same root as AS. blāwan, E. blow, to puff. See to puff.]
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1. (Anat.) A bag or sac in animals, which serves as the receptacle of some fluid; as, the urinary bladder; the gall bladder; -- applied especially to the urinary bladder, either within the animal, or when taken out and inflated with air.
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2. Any vesicle or blister, especially if filled with air, or a thin, watery fluid.
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3. (Bot.) A distended, membranaceous pericarp.
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4. Anything inflated, empty, or unsound. “To swim with bladders of philosophy.” Rochester.
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Coloq. Bladder nut , or Coloq. Bladder tree (Bot.), a genus of plants (Staphylea) with bladderlike seed pods. -- Coloq. Bladder pod (Bot.), a genus of low herbs (Vesicaria) with inflated seed pods. -- Coloq. Bladdor senna (Bot.), a genus of shrubs (Colutea), with membranaceous, inflated pods. -- Coloq. Bladder worm (Zoöl.), the larva of any species of tapeworm (Tænia), found in the flesh or other parts of animals. See , . -- Coloq. Bladder wrack (Bot.), the common black rock weed of the seacoast (Fucus nodosus and Fucus vesiculosus) -- called also bladder tangle. See .
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Bladder, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bladdered (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Bladdering.] 1. To swell out like a bladder with air; to inflate. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.
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2. To put up in bladders; as, bladdered lard.
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bladderlike adj. similar to a bladder.
Syn. -- bladdery.
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bladdernose n. a medium-sized blackish-gray seal (Cystophora cristata) with a large inflatable sac on the head; of Arctic-Atlantic waters.
Syn. -- hooded seal.
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bladderpod n. 1. a North American wild lobelia (Lobelia inflata) having small blue flowers and inflated capsules formerly used as an antispasmodic.
Syn. -- Indian tobacco.
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2. any of a number of annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some are placed in the genus Lesquerella.
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3. any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods.
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4. any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods.
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Bladderwort (�), n. (Bot.) A genus (Utricularia) of aquatic or marshy plants, which usually bear numerous vesicles in the divisions of the leaves. These serve as traps for minute animals. See .
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bladderwrack n. 1. similar to and found with black rockweed.
Syn. -- Ascophyllum nodosum.
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2. common black rockweed used in preparing kelp and as manure.
Syn. -- black rockweed, bladder fucus, tang, Fucus vesiculosus.
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Bladdery (�), a. Having bladders; also, resembling a bladder.
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Blade (blād), n. [OE. blade, blad, AS. blæd leaf; akin to OS., D., Dan., & Sw. blad, Icel. blað, OHG. blat, G. blatt, and perh. to L. folium, Gr. fyllon. The root is prob. the same as that of AS. blōwan, E. blow, to blossom. See to blossom, and cf. leaf of metal.]
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1. Properly, the leaf, or flat part of the leaf, of any plant, especially of gramineous plants. The term is sometimes applied to the spire of grasses.
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The crimson dulse . . . with its waving blade. Percival.
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First the blade, then ear, after that the full corn in the ear. Mark iv. 28.
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2. The cutting part of an instrument; as, the blade of a knife or a sword.
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3. The broad part of an oar; also, one of the projecting arms of a screw propeller.
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4. The scapula or shoulder blade.
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5. pl. (Arch.) The principal rafters of a roof. Weale.
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6. pl. (Com.) The four large shell plates on the sides, and the five large ones of the middle, of the carapace of the sea turtle, which yield the best tortoise shell. De Colange.
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7. A sharp-witted, dashing, wild, or reckless, fellow; -- a word of somewhat indefinite meaning.
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He saw a turnkey in a trice
Fetter a troublesome blade. Coleridge.
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8. The flat part of the tongue immediately behind the tip, or point.
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“Lower blade” implies, of course, the lower instead of the upper surface of the tongue. H. Sweet.
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