Bundesrath - Burden

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Bundesrath (b�ndĕsrät), n. [G., from bund (akin to E. bond) confederacy + rath council, prob. akin to E. read.] Lit., a federal council, esp. of the German Empire. In the German Empire the legislative functions are vested in the Bundesrath and the Reichstag. The federal council of Switzerland is also so called.
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☞ The Bundesrath of the German empire is presided over by a chancellor, and is composed of sixty-two members, who represent the different states of the empire, being appointed for each session by their respective governments.
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By this united congress, the highest tribunal of Switzerland, -- the Bundesrath -- is chosen, and the head of this is a president. J. P. Peters (Trans. Müller's Pol. Hist.).
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Bundes-Versammlung (?), n. [G.; bund confederacy + versammlung assembly.] See , Switzerland.
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Bundle (bŭnd'l), n. [OE. bundel, AS. byndel; akin to D. bondel, bundel, G. bündel, dim. of bund bundle, fr. the root of E. bind. See .] A number of things bound together, as by a cord or envelope, into a mass or package convenient for handling or conveyance; a loose package; a roll; as, a bundle of straw or of paper; a bundle of old clothes.
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The fable of the rods, which, when united in a bundle, no strength could bend. Goldsmith.
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Coloq. Bundle pillar (Arch.), a column or pier, with others of small dimensions attached to it. Weale.
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Bundle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bundled (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Bundling (�).] 1. To tie or bind in a bundle or roll.
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2. To send off abruptly or without ceremony.
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They unmercifully bundled me and my gallant second into our own hackney coach. T. Hook.
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3. to sell together as a single item at one inclusive price; -- usually done for related products which work or are used together.
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Coloq. To bundle off , to send off in a hurry, or without ceremony; as, the working mothers bundle their children off to school and then try to get themselves to work on time. -- Coloq. To bundle one's self up , to wrap one's self up warmly or cumbrously.
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Bundle, v. i. 1. To prepare for departure; to set off in a hurry or without ceremony.
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2. To sleep on the same bed without undressing; -- applied to the custom of a man and woman, especially lovers, thus sleeping. Bartlett.
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Van Corlear stopped occasionally in the villages to eat pumpkin pies, dance at country frolics, and bundle with the Yankee lasses. W. Irving.
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Coloq. To bundle up , to dress warmly, snugly, or cumbrously.
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bundled a. sold together as a single item; -- usually done for related products which work or are used together.
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bundled-up adj. dressed warmly; as, bundled-up sailors and soldiers.
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bundling n. 1. a former custom, especially in New England, in which unmarried couples occupied the same bed without undressing, especially during courtship. See , v. i.
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2. the act of binding something into a bundle.
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3. the act of shoving hastily; as, she complained about bundling the children off to school.
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Bundobust (?), n. [Hind. & Per. bando-bast tying and binding.] System; discipline. [India]
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He has more bundobust than most men. Kipling.
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Bung (bŭng), n. [Cf. W. bwng orfice, bunghole, Ir. buinne tap, spout, OGael. buine.] 1. The large stopper of the orifice in the bilge of a cask.
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2. The orifice in the bilge of a cask through which it is filled; bunghole.
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3. A sharper or pickpocket. [Obs. & Low]
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You filthy bung, away. Shak.
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Bung, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bunged (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Bunging (�).] To stop, as the orifice in the bilge of a cask, with a bung; to close; -- with up.
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Coloq. To bung up , to use up, as by bruising or over exertion; to exhaust or incapacitate for action. [Low]
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He had bunged up his mouth that he should not have spoken these three years. Shelton (Trans. Don Quixote).
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bungaloid adj. 1. of or pertaining to a bungalow; similar to a bungalow.
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2. having many bungalows. the bungaloid suburbs
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Bungalow (�), n. [Bengalee bānglā] A thatched or tiled house or cottage, of a single story, usually surrounded by a veranda. [India]
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Bungarum (�), n. [Bungar, the native name.] (Zoöl.) A venomous snake of India, of the genus Bungarus, allied to the cobras, but without a hood.
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Bungee (�), n. 1. (Aeronautics) a spring or other elastic device, especially one attached to a control to facilitate its manipulation.
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2. same as .
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Bungee cord (�), n. a strong elastic cord, usually with a hook at each end, used as a shock-absorbing device or to bind packages together, as on a dolly or handcart.
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Bungee jump, Bungee jumping (�), n. an act of derring-do in which a person jumps from a high platform, such as a bridge, attached (usually by the legs) to a bungee cord, which is set to a length that will halt the drop before the person reaches the surface of the earth or the water.
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Bunghole (�), n. See , n., 2. Shak.
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Bungle (�), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bungled (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Bungling (�).] [Prob. a diminutive from, akin to bang; cf. Prov. G. bungen to beat, bang, OSw. bunga. See .] To act or work in a clumsy, awkward manner.
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Bungle, v. t. To make or mend clumsily; to manage awkwardly; to botch; -- sometimes with up.
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I always had an idea that it would be bungled. Byron.
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Bungle (�), n. A clumsy or awkward performance; a botch; a gross blunder.
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Those errors and bungles which are committed. Cudworth.
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bungled adj. performed poorly or inadequately; as, a bungled job; the Watergate scandal started with a bungled burglary.
Syn. -- botched, goofed up.
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Bungler (�), n. A clumsy, awkward workman; one who bungles.
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If to be a dunce or a bungler in any profession be shameful, how much more ignominious and infamous to a scholar to be such! Barrow.
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bunglesome adj. awkward to move or use especially because of shape; as, a load of bunglesome paraphernalia.
Syn. -- awkward, clumsy, ungainly.
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Bungling (�), a. Unskillful; awkward; clumsy; as, a bungling workman. Swift.
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They make but bungling work. Dryden.
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Bunglingly, adv. Clumsily; awkwardly.
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Bungo (�), n. (Naut.) A kind of canoe used in Central and South America; also, a kind of boat used in the Southern United States. Bartlett.
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Bunion (�), n. (Med.) Same as .
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bunji-bunji n. an Australian timber tree (Flindersia schottiana) whose bark yields a poison.
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Bunk (bŭṉk), n. [Cf. OSw. bunke heap, also boaring, flooring. Cf. .] 1. A wooden case or box, which serves for a seat in the daytime and for a bed at night. [U.S.]
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2. One of a series of berths or bed places in tiers; as, to sleep in the top bunk.
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3. A piece of wood placed on a lumberman's sled to sustain the end of heavy timbers. [Local, U.S.]
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4. a bed. [informal]
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Bunk, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bunked (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Bunking.] To go to bed in a bunk; -- sometimes with in. [Colloq. U.S.] Bartlett.
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Bunkbed (bŭṉkbĕd), n. A type of multiple bed in which the individual beds are arranged one above the other. It is used to save space in crowded quarters.
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Bunker (�), n. [Scot. bunker, bunkart, a bench, or low chest, serving for a seat. Cf. , , .]
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1. A sort of chest or box, as in a window, the lid of which serves for a seat. [Scot.] Jamieson.
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2. A large bin or similar receptacle; as, a coal bunker.
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3. A small sand hole or pit, as on a golf course. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
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4. (Golf) Hence, any rough hazardous ground on the links; also, an artificial hazard with built-up faces.
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5. (Mil.) A fortified position dug into the ground, especially one which is closed on top and has protective walls and roof, e. g. of reinforced concrete. For defending positions it usually has windows to view the surrounding terrain, but as a safe location for planning operations or storage, a bunker may be completely underground with no direct access to the surface.
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Bunker, v. t. (Golf) To drive (the ball) into a bunker.
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bunkmate n. 1. someone who occupies the same sleeping quarters as oneself.
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Bunko (�), n. [Sf. Sp. banco bank, banca a sort of game at cards. Cf. (in the commercial sense).] A kind of swindling game or scheme, originally by means of cards or by a sham lottery, but now used for any swindling tactic. [Written also bunco.]
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Bunko (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bunkoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bunkoing.] To swindle by a bunko game or scheme; to cheat or victimize in any similar way, as by a confidence game, passing a bad check, etc.
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Coloq. Bunko steerer , a person employed as a decoy in bunko. [Slang, U.S.]
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Bunkum (�), n. See .
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Bunn (�), n. See .
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Bunnian (�), n. See .
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Bunny (�), n. (Mining) A great collection of ore without any vein coming into it or going out from it.
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Bunny, n. A pet name for a rabbit or a squirrel.
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{ Bunodonta (�), Bunodonts (�), } n. pl. [NL. bunodonta, fr. Gr. � hill, heap + �, �, a tooth.] (Zoöl.) A division of the herbivorous mammals including the hogs and hippopotami; -- so called because the teeth are tuberculated.
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buns n. pl. the . [Slang]
Syn. -- buttocks, arse, butt, backside, bum, can, fundament, hindquarters, hind end, keister, posterior, prat, rear, rear end, rump, stern, seat, tail, tail end, tooshie, tush, bottom, behind, derriere, fanny, ass.
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bunsen n. 1. same as ; a gas burner used in laboratories; has an air valve to regulate the mixture of gas and air.
Syn. -- bunsen burner, etna.
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Bunsen burner, Bunsen's burner (Chem.), a kind of burner, invented by Professor Bunsen of Heidelberg, consisting of a straight tube, four or five inches in length, having small holes for the entrance of air at the bottom. Illuminating gas being also admitted at the bottom, a mixture of gas and air is formed which burns at the top with a feebly luminous but intensely hot flame.
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Bunsen's battery (�). See under .
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Bunsen cell (?). (Elec.) A zinc-carbon cell in which the zinc (amalgamated) is surrounded by dilute sulphuric acid, and the carbon by nitric acid or a chromic acid mixture, the two plates being separated by a porous cup.
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Bunt (bŭnt), n. (Bot.) A fungus (Ustilago fœtida) which affects the ear of cereals, filling the grains with a fetid dust; -- also called pepperbrand.
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Bunt, n. [Cf. Sw. bunt bundle, Dan. bundt, G. bund, E. bundle.] (Naut.) The middle part, cavity, or belly of a sail; the part of a furled sail which is at the center of the yard. Totten.
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Bunt, n. A push or shove; a butt; specif. (Baseball), the act of bunting the ball.
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Bunt, v. i. (Naut.) To swell out; as, the sail bunts.
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Bunt, v. t. & i. 1. To strike or push with the horns or head; to butt; as, the ram bunted the boy.
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2. (Baseball) To bat or tap (the ball) slowly within the infield by meeting it with the bat without swinging at it.
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buntal n. a fine white Philippine fiber from the stalks of unopened leaves of talipot palms; used in making hats.
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Bunter (�), n. 1. A woman who picks up rags in the streets; hence, a low, vulgar woman. [Cant]
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Her . . . daughters, like bunters in stuff gowns. Goldsmith.
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2. (Baseball) a batter who bunts{2}.
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Bunting (�), n. [Scot. buntlin, corn-buntlin, OE. bunting, buntyle; of unknown origin.] (Zoöl.) A bird of the genus Emberiza, or of an allied genus, related to the finches and sparrows (family Fringillidæ).
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☞ Among European species are the common or corn bunting (Emberiza miliaria); the ortolan (Emberiza hortulana); the cirl (Emberiza cirlus); and the black-headed (Granitivora melanocephala). American species are the bay-winged or grass (Poöcætes gramineus or Poœcetes gramineus); the black-throated (Spiza Americana); the towhee bunting or chewink (Pipilo); the snow bunting (Plectrophanax nivalis); the rice bunting or bobolink, and others. See , , , .
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{ Bunting, Buntine } (�), n. [Prov. E. bunting sifting flour, OE. bonten to sift, hence prob. the material used for that purpose.] A thin woolen stuff, used chiefly for flags, colors, and ships' signals.
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Buntline (�), n. [2d bunt + line.] (Naut.) One of the ropes toggled to the footrope of a sail, used to haul up to the yard the body of the sail when taking it in. Totten.
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{ Bunyon, Bunion } (�), n. [Cf. Prov. E. bunny a small swelling, fr. OF. bugne, It. bugna, bugnone. See .] (Med.) An enlargement and inflammation of a small membranous sac (one of the bursæ muscosæ), usually occurring on the first joint of the great toe.
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Buoy (bwoi or boi; 277), n. [D. boei buoy, fetter, fr. OF. boie, buie, chain, fetter, F. bouée a buoy, from L. boia. “Boiae genus vinculorum tam ferreae quam ligneae.” Festus. So called because chained to its place.] (Naut.) A float; esp. a floating object moored to the bottom, to mark a channel or to point out the position of something beneath the water, as an anchor, shoal, rock, etc.
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Coloq. Anchor buoy , a buoy attached to, or marking the position of, an anchor. -- Coloq. Bell buoy , a large buoy on which a bell is mounted, to be rung by the motion of the waves. -- Coloq. Breeches buoy . See under . -- Coloq. Cable buoy , an empty cask employed to buoy up the cable in rocky anchorage. -- Coloq. Can buoy , a hollow buoy made of sheet or boiler iron, usually conical or pear-shaped. -- Coloq. Life buoy , a float intended to support persons who have fallen into the water, until a boat can be dispatched to save them. -- Coloq. Nut buoy or Coloq. Nun buoy , a buoy large in the middle, and tapering nearly to a point at each end. -- Coloq. To stream the buoy , to let the anchor buoy fall by the ship's side into the water, before letting go the anchor. -- Coloq. Whistling buoy , a buoy fitted with a whistle that is blown by the action of the waves.
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Buoy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Buoyed (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Buoying.] 1. To keep from sinking in a fluid, as in water or air; to keep afloat; -- with up.
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2. To support or sustain; to preserve from sinking into ruin or despondency.
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Those old prejudices, which buoy up the ponderous mass of his nobility, wealth, and title. Burke.
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3. To fix buoys to; to mark by a buoy or by buoys; as, to buoy an anchor; to buoy or buoy off a channel.
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Not one rock near the surface was discovered which was not buoyed by this floating weed. Darwin.
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Buoy, v. i. To float; to rise like a buoy. “Rising merit will buoy up at last.” Pope.
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Buoyage (�), n. Buoys, taken collectively; a series of buoys, as for the guidance of vessels into or out of port; the providing of buoys.
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Buoyance (�), n. Buoyancy. [R.]
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Buoyancy (�), n.; pl. Buoyancies (�). 1. The property of floating on the surface of a liquid, or in a fluid, as in the atmosphere; specific lightness, which is inversely as the weight compared with that of an equal volume of water.
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2. (Physics) The upward pressure exerted upon a floating body by a fluid, which is equal to the weight of the body; hence, also, the weight of a floating body, as measured by the volume of fluid displaced.
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Such are buoyancies or displacements of the different classes of her majesty's ships. Eng. Cyc.
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3. Cheerfulness; vivacity; liveliness; sprightliness; -- the opposite of heaviness; as, buoyancy of spirits.
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Buoyant (�), a. [From , v. t. & i.] 1. Having the quality of rising or floating in a fluid; tending to rise or float; as, iron is buoyant in mercury. “Buoyant on the flood.” Pope.
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2. Bearing up, as a fluid; sustaining another body by being specifically heavier.
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The water under me was buoyant. Dryden.
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3. Light-hearted; vivacious; cheerful; as, a buoyant disposition; buoyant spirits. -- Buoyantly, adv.
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Buprestidan (�), n. [L. buprestis, Gr. �, a poisonous beetle, which, being eaten by cattle in the grass, caused them to swell up and and die; � ox, cow + � to blow up, swell out.] (Zoöl.) One of a tribe of beetles, of the genus Buprestis and allied genera, usually with brilliant metallic colors. The larvæ are usually borers in timber, or beneath bark, and are often very destructive to trees.
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{ Bur, Burr } (bûr), n. [OE. burre burdock; cf. Dan. borre, OSw. borra, burdock, thistle; perh. akin to E. bristle (burr- for burz-), or perh. to F. bourre hair, wool, stuff; also, according to Cotgrave, “the downe, or hairie coat, wherewith divers herbes, fruits, and flowers, are covered,” fr. L. burrae trifles, LL. reburrus rough.] 1. (Bot.) Any rough or prickly envelope of the seeds of plants, whether a pericarp, a persistent calyx, or an involucre, as of the chestnut and burdock; a seed vessel having hooks or prickles. Also, any weed which bears burs.
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Amongst rude burs and thistles. Milton.
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Bur and brake and brier. Tennyson.
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2. The thin ridge left by a tool in cutting or shaping metal. See , n., 2.
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3. A ring of iron on a lance or spear. See , n., 4.
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4. The lobe of the ear. See , n., 5.
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5. The sweetbread.
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6. A clinker; a partially vitrified brick.
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7. (Mech.) (a) A small circular saw. (b) A triangular chisel. (c) A drill with a serrated head larger than the shank; -- especially a small drill bit used by dentists.
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8. [Cf. Gael. borr, borra, a knob, bunch.] (Zoöl.) The round knob of an antler next to a deer's head. [Commonly written burr.]
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Coloq. Bur oak (Bot.), a useful and ornamental species of oak (Quercus macrocarpa) with ovoid acorns inclosed in deep cups imbricated with pointed scales. It grows in the Middle and Western United States, and its wood is tough, close-grained, and durable. -- Coloq. Bur reed (Bot.), a plant of the genus Sparganium, having long ribbonlike leaves.
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Burberry n. a light gabardine raincoat of the type made by Burberry's of London.
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burble v. to to make a burbling sound; -- used of water, especially brooks.
Syn. -- ripple, babble, guggle, bubble, gurgle.
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burbling burbly adj. 1. uttered with unrestrained enthusiasm; as, a novel told in burbly panting tones.
Syn. -- effusive, gushing.
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2. bubbling; -- of sounds, especially of water.
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Burbolt (�), n. A birdbolt. [Obs.] Ford.
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Burbot (�), n. [F. barbote, fr. barbe beard. See 1st .] (Zoöl.) A fresh-water fish of the genus Lota, having on the nose two very small barbels, and a larger one on the chin. [Written also burbolt.]
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☞ The fish is also called an eelpout or ling, and is allied to the codfish. The Lota vulgaris is a common European species. An American species (Lota maculosa) is found in New England, the Great Lakes, and farther north.
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Burdelais (�), n. [F. bourdelais, prob. fr. bordelais. See .] A sort of grape. Jonson.
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Burden (bûd'n), n. [Written also burthen.] [OE. burden, burthen, birthen, birden, AS. byrðen; akin to Icel. byrði, Dan. byrde, Sw. börda, G. bürde, OHG. burdi, Goth. baúrþei, fr. the root of E. bear, AS. beran, Goth. bairan. √92. See 1st .] 1. That which is borne or carried; a load.
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Plants with goodly burden bowing. Shak.
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2. That which is borne with labor or difficulty; that which is grievous, wearisome, or oppressive.
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Deaf, giddy, helpless, left alone,
To all my friends a burden grown. Swift.
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3. The capacity of a vessel, or the weight of cargo that she will carry; as, a ship of a hundred tons burden.
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4. (Mining) The tops or heads of stream-work which lie over the stream of tin.
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5. (Metal.) The proportion of ore and flux to fuel, in the charge of a blast furnace. Raymond.
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6. A fixed quantity of certain commodities; as, a burden of gad steel, 120 pounds.
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7. A birth. [Obs. & R.] Shak.
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Coloq. Beast of burden , an animal employed in carrying burdens. -- Coloq. Burden of proof [L. onus probandi] (Law), the duty of proving a particular position in a court of law, a failure in the performance of which duty calls for judgment against the party on whom the duty is imposed.
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Syn. -- , . A burden is, in the literal sense, a weight to be borne; a load is something laid upon us to be carried. Hence, when used figuratively, there is usually a difference between the two words. Our burdens may be of such a nature that we feel bound to bear them cheerfully or without complaint. They may arise from the nature of our situation; they may be allotments of Providence; they may be the consequences of our errors. What is upon us, as a load, we commonly carry with greater reluctance or sense of oppression. Men often find the charge of their own families to be a burden; but if to this be added a load of care for others, the pressure is usually serve and irksome.
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Burden, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Burdened (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Burdening (�).] 1. To encumber with weight (literal or figurative); to lay a heavy load upon; to load.
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I mean not that other men be eased, and ye burdened. 2 Cor. viii. 13.
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2. To oppress with anything grievous or trying; to overload; as, to burden a nation with taxes.
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My burdened heart would break. Shak.
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3. To impose, as a load or burden; to lay or place as a burden (something heavy or objectionable). [R.]
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It is absurd to burden this act on Cromwell. Coleridge.
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Syn. -- To load; encumber; overload; oppress.
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