Cell - Centaurus

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Cell (sĕl), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Celled (sĕld).] To place or inclose in a cell. “Celled under ground.” [R.] Warner.
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Cella (?), n. [L.] (Arch.) The part inclosed within the walls of an ancient temple, as distinguished from the open porticoes.
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Cellar (?), n. [OE. celer, OF. celier, F. celier, fr. L. cellarium a receptacle for food, pantry, fr. cella storeroom. See .] A room or rooms under a building, and usually below the surface of the ground, where provisions and other stores are kept.
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Cellarage (?), n. 1. The space or storerooms of a cellar; a cellar. Sir W. Scott.
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You hear this fellow in the cellarage. Shak.
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2. Chare for storage in a cellar.
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Cellarer (?), n. [LL. cellararius, equiv. to L. cellarius steward: cf. F. cellérier. See .] (Eccl.) A steward or butler of a monastery or chapter; one who has charge of procuring and keeping the provisions.
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Cellaret (?), n. [Dim of cellar.] A receptacle, as in a dining room, for a few bottles of wine or liquor, made in the form of a chest or coffer, or a deep drawer in a sideboard, and usually lined with metal.
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Cellarist (?), n. Same as .
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Celled (?), a. Containing a cell or cells.
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Cellepore (?), n. [L. cella cell + porus, Gr. �, passage.] (Zoöl.) A genus of delicate branching corals, made up of minute cells, belonging to the Bryozoa.
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Celliferous (?), a. [Cell + -ferous.] Bearing or producing cells.
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cell-like adj. resembling a cell.
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Cello (chĕll�), n.; pl. E. Cellos (chĕll�z), It. Celli (chĕllē). A contraction for .
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cellophane (sĕl�fān), n. a transparent paper-like product made of regenerated cellulose, produced in sheets and rolls, which is impervious to moisture and germs, and which is used to wrap candy, cigarettes, and a wide variety of other products for distribution and retail sale; as, a pack of cigarettes in a cellophane wrapper.
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Cellular (sĕlŭlẽr; 135), a. [L. cellula a little cell: cf. F. cellulaire. See .] 1. Consisting of, or containing, cells; of or pertaining to a cell or cells.
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2. porous; containing cavities.
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3. pertaining to or using a system of transmission of telephone signals by radio, in which areas are divided into geographical parts (cells), each of which is served by a transmitter whose range is limited to that region, thus permitting a single transmission frequency to be used simulataneously in different parts of the same area. Cellular telephones are typically small and battery powered, allowing a subscriber with such a telephone to carry the telephone in a pocket or purse, over the entire area served, and to be contacted by a single telephone number. The system became widespread and popular in the 1980's and 1990's; as, cellular telephones sometimes lose their link unpredictably.
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Coloq. Cellular plants , Coloq. Cellular cryptogams (Bot.), those flowerless plants which have no ducts or fiber in their tissue, as mosses, fungi, lichens, and algæ. -- Coloq. Cellular theory , or Coloq. Cell theory (Biol.), a theory, according to which the essential element of every tissue, either vegetable or animal, is a cell; the whole series of cells having been formed from the development of the germ cell and by differentiation converted into tissues and organs which, both in plants and animals, are to be considered as a mass of minute cells communicating with each other. -- Coloq. Cellular tissue . (a) (Anat.) See conjunctive tissue under . (b) (Bot.) Tissue composed entirely of parenchyma, and having no woody fiber or ducts.
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cellularity n. the state of having cells.
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Cellulated (?), a. Cellular. Caldwell.
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Cellule (sĕlūl), n. [L. cellula a small apartment, dim. of cella: cf. F. cellule. See .] A small cell.
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Celluliferous (?), a. [L. cellula + -ferous.] Bearing or producing little cells.
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cellulite (sĕlŭlīt or sĕlŭlēt), n. small lumpy deposits of body fat esp. on women's thighs and buttocks. Not used as a technical term.
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Cellulitis (?), n. [NL., fr. L. cellula + -itis.] An inflammantion of the cellular or areolar tissue, esp. of that lying immediately beneath the skin.
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Celluloid (sĕl�loid), n. [Cellulose + -oid.] A substance composed essentially of gun cotton and camphor, and when pure resembling ivory in texture and color, but variously colored to imitate coral, tortoise shell, amber, malachite, etc. It is used in the manufacture of jewelry and many small articles, as combs, brushes, collars, and cuffs; -- originally called xylonite.
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Cellulose (sĕl�lōs), a. Consisting of, or containing, cells.
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Cellulose, n. (Chem.) The substance which constitutes the essential part of the solid framework of plants, of ordinary wood, cotton, linen, paper, etc. It is also found to a slight extent in certain animals, as the tunicates. It is a carbohydrate, (C6H10O5)n, isomeric with starch, and is convertible into starches and sugars by the action of heat and acids. When pure, it is a white amorphous mass. See , , .
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Unsized, well bleached linen paper is merely pure cellulose. Goodale.
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Coloq. Starch cellulose , the delicate framework which remains when the soluble part (granulose) of starch is removed by saliva or pepsin. Goodale.
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cellulosid adj. of or containing or made from cellulose.
Syn. -- cellulosic.
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Celosia n. a genus of annual or perennial herbs or vines of tropical and subtropical America and Asia and Africa.
Syn. -- genus Celosia.
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Celotomy (?), n. [Gr. �; � hernia + � to cut.] (Med.) The act or operation of cutting, to relieve the structure in strangulated hernia. [Frequently written kelotomy.]
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Celsiture (?), n. [L. celstudo, from celsus high: cf. celsitude.] Height; altitude. [Obs.]
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Celsius (?), n. The Celsius thermometer or scale, so called from Anders Celsius, a Swedish astronomer, who invented it. It is the same as the centigrade thermometer or scale.
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Celt (sĕlt; kĕlt), n. [L. Celtae, Gr. Keltoi, Keltai, pl.: cf. W. Celtiad one that dwells in a covert, an inhabitant of the wood, a Celt, fr. celt covert, shelter, celu to hide.] One of an ancient race of people, who formerly inhabited a great part of Central and Western Europe, and whose descendants at the present day occupy Ireland, Wales, the Highlands of Scotland, and the northern shores of France. [Written also Kelt. The letter C was pronounced hard in Celtic languages.]
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Celt, n. [LL. celts a chisel.] (Archæol.) A weapon or implement of stone or metal, found in the tumuli, or barrows, of the early Celtic nations.
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Celtiberian (?), a. [L. Celtiber, Celtibericus.] Of or pertaining to the ancient Celtiberia (a district in Spain lying between the Ebro and the Tagus) or its inhabitants the Celtiberi (Celts of the river Iberus). -- n. An inhabitant of Celtiberia.
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Celtic (sĕltĭk; kĕltĭk), a. [L. Celticus, Gr. Keltikos. See .] Of or pertaining to the Celts; as, Celtic people, tribes, literature, tongue. [Written also Keltic.]
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Celtic, n. The language of the Celts.
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☞ The remains of the old Celtic language are found in the Gaelic, the Erse or Irish; the Manx, and the Welsh and its cognate dialects Cornish and Bas Breton.
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Celticism (sĕltĭsĭz'm), n. A custom of the Celts, or an idiom of their language. Warton.
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Celticize (?), v. t. To render Celtic; to assimilate to the Celts.
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Celtium (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) The first proposed name for a supposed new element of the rare-earth group, accompanying lutecium and scandium in the gadolinite earths. It is now considered identical to . The proposed symbol was Ct (no period), but this name and symbol are no longer used.
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celtuce n. 1. a type of lettuce (Lactuca sativa asparagina) valued especially for its edible stems.
Syn. -- stem lettuce, Lactuca sativa asparagina.
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2. a salad green having characteristics of both lettuce and celery; stems eaten either raw or cooked.
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Cembalo (?), n. [It. See .] (Mus.) An old name for the harpsichord.
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Cement (sĕmĕnt or sĕmĕnt), n. [OF. cement, ciment, F. ciment, fr. L. caementum a rough, unhewn stone, pieces or chips of marble, from which mortar was made, contr. fr. caedimentum, fr. caedere to cut, prob. akin to scindere to cleave, and to E. shed, v. t.] 1. Any substance used for making bodies adhere to each other, as mortar, glue, etc.
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2. A kind of calcined limestone, or a calcined mixture of clay and lime, for making mortar which will harden under water.
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3. The powder used in cementation. See , n., 2.
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4. Bond of union; that which unites firmly, as persons in friendship, or men in society. “The cement of our love.”
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5. (Anat.) The layer of bone investing the root and neck of a tooth; -- called also cementum.
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Coloq. Hydraulic cement . See under .
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Cement (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cemented; p. pr. & vb. n. Cementing.] [Cf. F. cimenter. See , n.] 1. To unite or cause to adhere by means of a cement. Bp. Burnet.
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2. To unite firmly or closely. Shak.
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3. To overlay or coat with cement; as, to cement a cellar bottom.
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Cement, v. i. To become cemented or firmly united; to cohere. S. Sharp.
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Cemental (?), a. Of or pertaining to cement, as of a tooth; as, cemental tubes. R. Owen.
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Cementation (?), n. 1. The act or process of cementing.
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2. (Chem.) A process which consists in surrounding a solid body with the powder of other substances, and heating the whole to a degree not sufficient to cause fusion, the physical properties of the body being changed by chemical combination with powder; thus iron becomes steel by cementation with charcoal, and green glass becomes porcelain by cementation with sand.
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Cementatory (?), a. Having the quality of cementing or uniting firmly.
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Cementer (?), n. A person or thing that cements.
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Cementitious (?), a. [L. caementitius pertaining to quarry stones. See , n. ] Of the nature of cement. [R.] Forsyth.
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Cement steel. Steel produced by cementation; blister steel.
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Cemeterial (?), a. Of or pertaining to a cemetery. “Cemeterial cells.” [R.] Sir T. Browne.
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Cemetery (?), n.; pl. Cemeteries (�). [L. cemeterium, Gr. � a sleeping chamber, burial place, fr. � to put to sleep.] A place or ground set apart for the burial of the dead; a graveyard; a churchyard; a necropolis.
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Cenanthy (?), n. [Gr. � empty + � a flower.] (Bot.) The absence or suppression of the essential organs (stamens and pistil) in a flower.
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Cenation (?), n. [L. cenatio.] Meal-taking; dining or supping. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
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Cenatory (?), a. [L. cenatorius, fr. cenare to dine, sup, fr. cena, coena, dinner, supper.] Of or pertaining to dinner or supper. [R.]
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The Romans washed, were anointed, and wore a cenatory garment. Sir T. Browne.
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Cenobite (?), n. [L. coenobita, fr. Gr. koinobios; koinos common + bios life: cf. F. cénobite.] One of a religious order, dwelling in a convent, or a community, in opposition to an anchoret, or hermit, who lives in solitude. Gibbon.
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{ Cenobitic (?), Cenobitical (?) } a. [Cf. F. cénobitique.] Of or pertaining to a cenobite.
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Cenobitism (?), n. The state of being a cenobite; the belief or practice of a cenobite. Milman.
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Cenogamy (s�nŏgȧm�), n. [Gr. koinos common + gamos marriage.] The state of a community which permits promiscuous sexual intercourse among its members, as in certain societies practicing communism.
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cenogenesis n. [Gr. � new + E. genesis.] (Biol.) The introduction during embryonic development of characters or structure not present in the earlier evolutionary history of the strain or species (as addition of the placenta in mammalian evolution); a modified evolution, in which nonprimitive characters make their appearance in consequence of a secondary adaptation of the embryo to the peculiar conditions of its environment; -- distinguished from palingenesis. [Also spelled caenogenesis and formerly kenogenesis.]
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cenogenetic adj. of or pertaining to cenogenesis. Opposite of palingenetic.
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Cenotaph (s�n�tȧf), n. [Gr. kenotafion; kenos empty + tafos burial, tomb: cf. F. cénotaphe.] An empty tomb or a monument erected in honor of a person who is buried elsewhere. Dryden.
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A cenotaph in Westminster Abbey. Macaulay.
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Cenotaphy (?), n. A cenotaph. [R.]
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Lord Cobham honored him with a cenotaphy. Macaulay.
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Cenozoic (?), a. [Gr. � recent + � life.] (Geol.) Belonging to the most recent division of geological time, including the tertiary, or Age of mammals, and the Quaternary, or Age of man. [Written also cænozoic, cainozoic, kainozoic.] See .
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☞ This word is used by many authors as synonymous with Tertiary, the Quaternary Age not being included.
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Cense (?), n. [OF. cense, F. cens, L. census. See .] 1. A census; -- also, a public rate or tax. [Obs.] Howell. Bacon.
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2. Condition; rank. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
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Cense, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Censed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Censing.] [Abbrev. from incense.] To perfume with odors from burning gums and spices.
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The Salii sing and cense his altars round. Dryden.
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Cense, v. i. To burn or scatter incense.
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Censer (?), n. [For incenser, fr. OF. encensier, F. encensoir, fr. LL. incensarium, incensorium, fr. L. incensum incense. See , and cf. .] A vessel for perfumes; esp. one in which incense is burned.
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☞ The ecclesiastical censer is usually cup-shaped, has a cover pierced with holes, and is hung by chains. The censer bearer swings it to quicken the combustion.
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Her thoughts are like the fume of frankincense
Which from a golden censer forth doth rise. Spenser.
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Censor (?), n. [L. censor, fr. censere to value, tax.] 1. (Antiq.) One of two magistrates of Rome who took a register of the number and property of citizens, and who also exercised the office of inspector of morals and conduct.
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2. One who is empowered to examine manuscripts before they are committed to the press, and to forbid their publication if they contain anything obnoxious; -- an official in some European countries.
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3. One given to fault-finding; a censurer.
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Nor can the most circumspect attention, or steady rectitude, escape blame from censors who have no inclination to approve. Rambler.
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4. A critic; a reviewer.
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Received with caution by the censors of the press. W. Irving.
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censored adj. suppressed or subjected to censorship; as, the censored press in some countries. Opposite of uncensored.
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Censorial (?), a. 1. Belonging to a censor, or to the correction of public morals. Junius.
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2. Full of censure; censorious.
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The censorial declamation of Juvenal. T. Warton.
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Censorian (?), a. Censorial. [R.] Bacon.
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Censorious (?), a. [L. censorius pertaining to the censor. See .] 1. Addicted to censure; apt to blame or condemn; severe in making remarks on others, or on their writings or manners.
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A dogmatical spirit inclines a man to be consorious of his neighbors. Watts.
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2. Implying or expressing censure; as, censorious remarks.

Syn. -- Fault-finding; carping; caviling; captious; severe; condemnatory; hypercritical.

-- Censoriously, adv. -- Censoriousness, n.
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Censorship (?), n. The office or power of a censor; as, to stand for a censorship. Holland.
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The press was not indeed at that moment under a general censorship. Macaulay.
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Censual (?), a. [L. censualis, fr. census.] Relating to, or containing, a census.
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He caused the whole realm to be described in a censual roll. Sir R. Baker.
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Censurable (?), a. Deserving of censure; blamable; culpable; reprehensible; as, a censurable person, or censurable conduct.

-- Censurableness, n. -- Censurably, adv.
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Censure (?), n. [L. censura fr. censere: cf. F. censure. Cf. .] 1. Judgment either favorable or unfavorable; opinion. [Obs.]
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Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judgment. Shak.
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2. The act of blaming or finding fault with and condemning as wrong; reprehension; blame.
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Both the censure and the praise were merited. Macaulay.
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3. Judicial or ecclesiastical sentence or reprimand; condemnatory judgment.
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Excommunication or other censure of the church. Bp. Burnet.

Syn. -- Blame; reproof; condemnation; reprobation; disapproval; disapprobation; reprehension; animadversion; reprimand; reflection; dispraise; abuse.
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Censure, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Censured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Censuring.] [Cf. F. ensurer.] 1. To form or express a judgment in regard to; to estimate; to judge. [Obs.] “Should I say more, you might well censure me a flatterer.” Beau. & Fl.
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2. To find fault with and condemn as wrong; to blame; to express disapprobation of.
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I may be censured that nature thus gives way to loyalty. Shak.
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3. To condemn or reprimand by a judicial or ecclesiastical sentence. Shak.

Syn. -- To blame; reprove; rebuke; condemn; reprehend; reprimand.
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Censure, v. i. To judge. [Obs.] Shak.
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Censurer (?), n. One who censures. Sha.
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Census (?), n. [L. census, fr. censere. See .] 1. (Bot. Antiq.) A numbering of the people, and valuation of their estate, for the purpose of imposing taxes, etc.; -- usually made once in five years.
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2. An official registration of the number of the people, the value of their estates, and other general statistics of a country.
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☞ A general census of the United States was first taken in 1790, and one has been taken at the end of every ten years since.
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Cent (?), n. [F. cent hundred, L. centum. See .] 1. A hundred; as, ten per cent, the proportion of ten parts in a hundred.
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2. A United States coin, the hundredth part of a dollar, formerly made of copper, now of copper, tin, and zinc.
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3. An old game at cards, supposed to be like piquet; -- so called because 100 points won the game. Nares.
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Centage (?), n. Rate by the hundred; percentage.
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Cental (?), n. [L. centum a hundred.] A weight of one hundred pounds avoirdupois; -- called in many parts of the United States a Hundredweight.
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Cental, n. Relating to a hundred.
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Coloq. Cental system , the method of buying and selling by the cental, or hundredweight.
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Centare (?), n. [F. centiare; centi- (L. centum) + -are.] A measure of area, the hundredth part of an are; one square meter, or about 11/5 square yards.
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Centaur (sĕnt�r), n. [L. centaurus, Gr. Kentayros.]
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1. (Class. Myth.) A fabulous being, represented as half man and half horse.
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2. (Astron.) A constellation in the southern heavens between Hydra and the Southern Cross.
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Centaurea (?), n. [NL. See .] (Bot.) A large genus of composite plants, related to the thistles and including the cornflower or bluebottle (Centaurea Cyanus) and the star thistle (Centaurea Calcitrapa).
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Centaurium n. a genus of low-growing herbs mostly of the northern hemisphere having flowers with protruding spirally twisted anthers.
Syn. -- genus Centaurium.
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Centaurus n. a conspicuous constellation in the southern hemisphere near the Southern Cross.
Syn. -- Centaur, The Centaur.
[WordNet 1.5]

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