Cetological - chained

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Cetological (?), a. Of or pertaining to cetology.
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Cetologist (?), a. One versed in cetology.
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Cetology (?), n. [Gr. � whale + -logy: cf. F. cétologie.] The description or natural history of cetaceous animals.
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Cetraric (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, the lichen, Iceland moss (Cetaria Islandica).
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Coloq. Cetraric acid . See .
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Cetrarin (?), n. [From Cetraria Islandica, the scientific name of Iceland moss.] (Chem.) A white substance extracted from the lichen, Iceland moss (Cetraria Islandica). It consists of several ingredients, among which is cetraric acid, a white, crystalline, bitter substance.
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Cetyl (?), n. [Gr. � whale + -yl.] (Chem.) A radical, C16H33, not yet isolated, but supposed to exist in a series of compounds homologous with the ethyl compounds, and derived from spermaceti.
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Cetylic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, spermaceti.
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Coloq. Cetylic alcohol (Chem.), a white, waxy, crystalline solid, obtained from spermaceti, and regarded as homologous with ordinary, or ethyl, alcohol; ethal; -- called also cetyl alcohol.
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Ceylanite (?), n. [F., fr. Ceylan Ceylon.] (Min.) A dingy blue, or grayish black, variety of spinel. It is also called pleonaste. [Written also ceylonite.]
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Ceylon n. the former name of an island republic in the Indian Ocean off the southeast coast of India, now called Sri Lanka. It is an independent nation with an area of 25,332 sq. mi. and a population of about 14 million people.
Syn. -- Sri Lanka.
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Ceylonese (?), a. Of or pertaining to Ceylon; -- since the change of name, replaced by Sri Lankan. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Ceylon; -- since the change of name, replaced by Sri Lankan.
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C. G. S. An abbreviation for , , . -- applied to a system of units much employed in physical science, based upon the centimeter as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of weight or mass, and the second as the unit of time.
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C. G. T. An abbreviation for Confédération Générale du Travail (the French syndicalist labor union).
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Cha (chä), n. [Chin. ch‘a.] [Also chaa, chais, tsia, etc.] Tea; -- the Chinese (Mandarin) name, used generally in early works of travel, and now for a kind of rolled tea used in Central Asia.

A pot with hot water . . . made with the powder of a certain herb called chaa, which is much esteemed. Tr. J. Van Linschoten's Voyages (1598).
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Chab (chăb), n. (Zoöl.) The red-bellied woodpecker (Melanerpes Carolinus).
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{ Chabasite (kăbȧsīt), Cabazite (kăbȧzīt), } n. [Gr. chabazios one of twenty species of stones mentioned in the poem Peri liqwn, ascribed to Orpheus.] (Min.) A mineral occuring in glassy rhombohedral crystals, varying in color from white to yellow or red. It is essentially a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime. Called also chabasie.
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Chablis (shȧblē), n. [F.] A white wine made near Chablis, a town in France.
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2. a white wine resembling Chablis{1}, but made elsewhere, as in California.
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{ Chabouk, Chabuk (?), } n. [Hind. chābuk horsewhip.] A long whip, such as is used in the East in the infliction of punishment. Balfour.
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Chace (?), n. See 3d , n., 3.
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Chace, v. t. To pursue. See v. t.
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cha-cha n. a modern ballroom dance from Latin America; it uses two slow steps followed by three quick small steps, with swaying movements of the hips, and has many variations of movements based on that rhythm.
Syn. -- cha-cha.
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cha-cha-cha n. same as .
Syn. -- cha-cha.
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Chachalaca (?), n. [Native name, prob. given in imitation of its cry.] (Zoöl.) The Texan guan (Ortalis vetula). [written also chiacalaca.]
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Chack (chăk), v. i. To toss up the head frequently, as a horse to avoid the restraint of the bridle.
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Chacma (?), n. [Native name.] A large species of African baboon (Cynocephalus porcarius); -- called also ursine baboon. [See Illust. of .]
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Chaconne (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. chacona.] (Mus.) An old Spanish dance in moderate three-four measure, like the Passacaglia, which is slower. Both are used by classical composers as themes for variations.
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Chad (?), n. See . [Obs.]
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Chaenopsis n. a genus of clinid fishes consisting of the pikeblennies.
Syn. -- genus Chaenopsis.
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Chaeronea n. (Greek antiquity) either of two battles in ancient Greece, one in which Philip of Macedon defeated the Athenians and Thebans (338 BC), or another in which Sulla defeated Mithridates (86 BC).
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chaeta (kētȧ), n.; pl. chaetae (kētē). [NL., fr. Gr. chaith hair.] (Zoöl.) a stiff chitinous seta or bristle especially of an annelid worm.
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chaetal adj. of or relating to chaetae (setae or bristles).
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Chætetes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. chaith hair.] (Zoöl.) A genus of fossil corals, common in the lower Silurian limestones.
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Chætiferous (?), a. [Gr. chaith hair + -ferous.] (Zoöl.) Bearing setæ.
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Chætodont (?), n. [Gr. chaith hair + �, �, tooth.] (Zoöl.) A marine fish of the family Chætodontidæ. The chætodonts have broad, compressed bodies, and usually bright colors.
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Chætodont, a. Of or pertaining to the Chætodonts or the family Chætodontidæ.
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Chaetodontidae n. a natural family comprising the butterfly fishes.
Syn. -- family Chaetodontidae.
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Chætognath (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Chætognatha.
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chaetognath n. any worm of the Chaetognatha; transparent marine worm with horizontal lateral and caudal fins and a row of movable curved spines at each side of the mouth.
Syn. -- arrowworm.
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Chaetognatha, Chætognatha (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. � hair + � jaw.] (Zoöl) a phylum consisting of the arrowworms, a group of small active transparent free-swimming marine worms, of which the genus Sagitta is the type. They have groups of curved spines on each side of the head.
Syn. -- phylum Chaetognatha.
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chaetognathan adj. of or pertaining to the Chaetognatha.
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Chætopod (?), a. (Zoöl.) Pertaining to the Chætopoda. -- n. One of the Chætopoda.
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Chætopoda (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. � hair + -poda.] (Zoöl.) A very extensive order of Annelida (segmented worms), characterized by the presence of lateral setæ, or spines, on most or all of the segments. They are divided into two principal groups: Oligochæta, including the earthworms and allied forms, and Polychæta, including most of the marine species.
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Chætotaxy (?), n. [Gr. � hair + � arrangement.] (Zoöl.) The arrangement of bristles on an insect.
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Chafe (chāf), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chafed (chāft); p pr. & vb. n. Chafing.] [OE. chaufen to warm, OF. chaufer, F. chauffer, fr. L. calefacere, calfacere, to make warm; calere to be warm + facere to make. See .] 1. To excite heat in by friction; to rub in order to stimulate and make warm.
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To rub her temples, and to chafe her skin. Spenser.
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2. To excite passion or anger in; to fret; to irritate.
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Her intercession chafed him. Shak.
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3. To fret and wear by rubbing; as, to chafe a cable.
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Two slips of parchment which she sewed round it to prevent its being chafed. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- To rub; fret; gall; vex; excite; inflame.
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Chafe, v. i. To rub; to come together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear by friction.
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Made its great boughs chafe together. Longfellow.
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The troubled Tiber chafing with her shores. Shak.
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2. To be worn by rubbing; as, a cable chafes.
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3. To have a feeling of vexation; to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated. Spenser.
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He will chafe at the doctor's marrying my daughter. Shak.
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Chafe, n. 1. Heat excited by friction.
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2. Injury or wear caused by friction.
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3. Vexation; irritation of mind; rage.
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The cardinal in a chafe sent for him to Whitehall. Camden.
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Chafer (?), n. 1. One who chafes.
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2. A vessel for heating water; -- hence, a dish or pan.
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A chafer of water to cool the ends of the irons. Baker.
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Chafer, n. [AS. ceafor; akin to D. kever, G këfer.] (Zoöl.) A kind of beetle; the cockchafer. The name is also applied to other species; as, the rose chafer.
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Chafery (?), n. [See , v. t.] (Iron Works) An open furnace or forge, in which blooms are heated before being wrought into bars.
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{ Chafewax (?), or Chaffwax (?), } n. (Eng. Law) Formerly a chancery officer who fitted wax for sealing writs and other documents.
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Chafeweed (?), n. (Bot.) The cudweed (Gnaphalium), used to prevent or cure chafing.
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Chaff (?), n. [AC. ceaf; akin to D. kaf, G. kaff.]
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1. The glumes or husks of grains and grasses separated from the seed by threshing and winnowing, etc.
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So take the corn and leave the chaff behind. Dryden.
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Old birds are not caught with caff. Old Proverb.
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2. Anything of a comparatively light and worthless character; the refuse part of anything.
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The chaff and ruin of the times. Shak.
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3. Straw or hay cut up fine for the food of cattle.
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By adding chaff to his corn, the horse must take more time to eat it. In this way chaff is very useful. Ywatt.
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4. Light jesting talk; banter; raillery.
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5. (Bot.) The scales or bracts on the receptacle, which subtend each flower in the heads of many Compositæ, as the sunflower. Gray.
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Coloq. Chaff cutter , a machine for cutting, up straw, etc., into “chaff” for the use of cattle.
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Chaff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chaffed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Chaffing.] To use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter.
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Chaff, v. t. To make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language; to quiz.
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Morgan saw that his master was chaffing him. Thackeray.
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A dozen honest fellows . . . chaffed each other about their sweethearts. C. Kingsley.
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Chaffer, n. One who chaffs.
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Chaffer (?), n. [OE. chaffare, cheapfare; AS. ceáp a bargain, price + faru a journey; hence, originally, a going to barain, to market. See , and .] Bargaining; merchandise. [Obs.] Holished.
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Chaffer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chaffered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Chaffering.] [OE. chaffaren, fr. chaffare, chapfare, cheapfare, a bargaining. See , n.]
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1. To treat or dispute about a purchase; to bargain; to haggle or higgle; to negotiate.
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To chaffer for preferments with his gold. Dryden.
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2. To talk much and idly; to chatter. Trench.
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Chaffer, v. t. 1. To buy or sell; to trade in.
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He chaffered chairs in which churchmen were set. Spenser.
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2. To exchange; to bandy, as words. Spenser.
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Chafferer (?), n. One who chaffers; a bargainer.
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Chaffern (?), n. [See , v. t.] A vessel for heating water. [Obs.] Johnson.
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Chaffery, n. Traffic; bargaining. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Chaffinch (?), n. [Cf. .] (Zoöl.) A bird of Europe (Fringilla cœlebs), having a variety of very sweet songs, and highly valued as a cage bird; -- called also copper finch.
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Chaffing (?), n. The use of light, frivolous language by way of fun or ridicule; raillery; banter.
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Chaffless, a. Without chaff.
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Chaffy (?), a. 1. Abounding in, or resembling, chaff.
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Chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail. Coleridge.
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2. Light or worthless as chaff.
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Slight and chaffy opinion. Glanvill.
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3. (Bot.) (a) Resembling chaff; composed of light dry scales. (b) Bearing or covered with dry scales, as the under surface of certain ferns, or the disk of some composite flowers.
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Chafing (?), n. [See , v. t.] The act of rubbing, or wearing by friction; making by rubbing.
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Coloq. Chafing dish , a dish or vessel for cooking on the table, or for keeping food warm, either by coals, by a lamp, or by hot water; a portable grate for coals. -- Coloq. Chafing gear (Naut.), any material used to protect sails, rigging, or the like, at points where they are exposed to friction.
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Chagas' disease n. [Carlos Chagas, a physician in Brazil, 1879-1934] a form of trypanosomiasis caused by infection with Trypamosoma cruzi, found principally in South America. It is transmitted by certain species of reduviid bugs, and has natural reservoirs in dogs, armadillos, rodents and other domestic and wild mammals. Stedman's Med. Dict., Dorland's Illustr. Med. Dict.
Syn. -- South Amercian trypanosomiasis, Chagas-Cruz disease.
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Chagreen (?), n. See .
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Chagres fever (?). (Med.) A form of malarial fever occurring along the Chagres River, Panama.
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Chagrin (?), n. [F., fr. chagrin shagreen, a particular kind of rough and grained leather; also a rough fishskin used for graters and files; hence (Fig.), a gnawing, corroding grief. See .] Vexation; mortification.
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I must own that I felt rather vexation and chagrin than hope and satisfaction. Richard Porson.
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Hear me, and touch Belinda with chagrin. Pope.

Syn. -- Vexation; mortification; peevishness; fretfulness; disgust; disquiet. , , . These words agree in the general sense of pain produced by untoward circumstances. Vexation is a feeling of disquietude or irritating uneasiness from numerous causes, such as losses, disappointments, etc. Mortification is a stronger word, and denotes that keen sense of pain which results from wounded pride or humiliating occurrences. Chagrin is literally the cutting pain produced by the friction of Shagreen leather; in its figurative sense, it varies in meaning, denoting in its lower degrees simply a state of vexation, and its higher degrees the keenest sense of mortification.

“Vexation arises chiefly from our wishes and views being crossed: mortification, from our self-importance being hurt; chagrin, from a mixture of the two.” Crabb.
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Chagrin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chagrined (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Chargrining.] [Cf. F. chagriner See , n.] To excite ill-humor in; to vex; to mortify; as, he was not a little chagrined.
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Chagrin, v. i. To be vexed or annoyed. Fielding.
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Chagrin, a. Chagrined. Dryden.
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chagrined adj. feeling vexed, especially due to feeling inferior or unworthy and hence embarrassed; as, chagrined at the poor sales of his book.
Syn. -- embarrassed, mortified.
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Chain (chān), n. [F. chaîne, fr. L. catena. Cf. .] 1. A series of links or rings, usually of metal, connected, or fitted into one another, used for various purposes, as of support, of restraint, of ornament, of the exertion and transmission of mechanical power, etc.
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[They] put a chain of gold about his neck. Dan. v. 29.
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2. That which confines, fetters, or secures, as a chain; a bond; as, the chains of habit.
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Driven down
To chains of darkness and the undying worm. Milton.
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3. A series of things linked together; or a series of things connected and following each other in succession; as, a chain of mountains; a chain of events or ideas.
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4. (Surv.) An instrument which consists of links and is used in measuring land.
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☞ One commonly in use is Gunter's chain, which consists of one hundred links, each link being seven inches and ninety-two one hundredths in length; making up the total length of rods, or sixty-six, feet; hence, a measure of that length; hence, also, a unit for land measure equal to four rods square, or one tenth of an acre.
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5. pl. (Naut.) Iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels.
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6. (Weaving) The warp threads of a web. Knight.
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Coloq. Chain belt (Mach.), a belt made of a chain; -- used for transmitting power. -- Coloq. Chain boat , a boat fitted up for recovering lost cables, anchors, etc. -- Coloq. Chain bolt (a) (Naut.) The bolt at the lower end of the chain plate, which fastens it to the vessel's side. (b) A bolt with a chain attached for drawing it out of position. -- Coloq. Chain bond . See Chain timber. -- Coloq. Chain bridge , a bridge supported by chain cables; a suspension bridge. -- Coloq. Chain cable , a cable made of iron links. -- Coloq. Chain coral (Zoöl.), a fossil coral of the genus Halysites, common in the middle and upper Silurian rocks. The tubular corallites are united side by side in groups, looking in an end view like links of a chain. When perfect, the calicles show twelve septa. -- Coloq. Chain coupling . (a) A shackle for uniting lengths of chain, or connecting a chain with an object. (b) (Railroad) Supplementary coupling together of cars with a chain. -- Coloq. Chain gang , a gang of convicts chained together. -- Coloq. Chain hook (Naut.), a hook, used for dragging cables about the deck. -- Coloq. Chain mail , flexible, defensive armor of hammered metal links wrought into the form of a garment. -- Coloq. Chain molding (Arch.), a form of molding in imitation of a chain, used in the Normal style. -- Coloq. Chain pier , a pier suspended by chain. -- Coloq. Chain pipe (Naut.), an opening in the deck, lined with iron, through which the cable is passed into the lockers or tiers. -- Coloq. Chain plate (Shipbuilding), one of the iron plates or bands, on a vessel's side, to which the standing rigging is fastened. -- Coloq. Chain pulley , a pulley with depressions in the periphery of its wheel, or projections from it, made to fit the links of a chain. -- Coloq. Chain pumps . See in the Vocabulary. -- Coloq. Chain rule (Arith.), a theorem for solving numerical problems by composition of ratios, or compound proportion, by which, when several ratios of equality are given, the consequent of each being the same as the antecedent of the next, the relation between the first antecedent and the last consequent is discovered. -- Coloq. Chain shot (Mil.), two cannon balls united by a shot chain, formerly used in naval warfare on account of their destructive effect on a ship's rigging. -- Coloq. Chain stitch . See in the Vocabulary. -- Coloq. Chain timber . (Arch.) See Bond timber, under . -- Coloq. Chain wales . (Naut.) Same as . -- Coloq. Chain wheel . See in the Vocabulary. -- Coloq. Closed chain , Coloq. Open chain (Chem.), terms applied to the chemical structure of compounds whose rational formulæ are written respectively in the form of a closed ring (see Benzene nucleus, under ), or in an open extended form. -- Coloq. Endless chain , a chain whose ends have been united by a link.
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Chain, v. t. [imp. p. p. Chained (chānd); p. pr. & vb. n. Chaining.] 1. To fasten, bind, or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind securely, as with a chain; as, to chain a bulldog.
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Chained behind the hostile car. Prior.
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2. To keep in slavery; to enslave.
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And which more blest? who chained his country, say
Or he whose virtue sighed to lose a day? Pope.
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3. To unite closely and strongly.
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And in this vow do chain my soul to thine. Shak.
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4. (Surveying) To measure with the chain.
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5. To protect by drawing a chain across, as a harbor.
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chained adj. bound with chains; as, prisoners chained together to prevent escape.
Syn. -- enchained, in chains(predicate).
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