Circumspective - Cistercian

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Circumspective (sẽrkŭmspĕktĭv), a. Looking around every way; cautious; careful of consequences; watchful of danger. “Circumspective eyes.” Pope.
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Circumspectively, adv. Circumspectly.
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circumspectly (sẽrkŭmspĕktl�), adv. In a circumspect manner; cautiously; warily.
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Circumspectness, n. Vigilance in guarding against evil from every quarter; caution.
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[Travel] forces circumspectness on those abroad, who at home are nursed in security. Sir H. Wotton.
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circumstance (sẽrkŭmstăns), n. [L. circumstantia, fr. circumstans, -antis, p. pr. of circumstare to stand around; circum + stare to stand. See .] 1. That which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event; an attendant thing or state of things.
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The circumstances are well known in the country where they happened. W. Irving.
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2. An event; a fact; a particular incident.
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The sculptor had in his thoughts the conqueror weeping for new worlds, or the like circumstances in history. Addison.
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3. Circumlocution; detail. [Obs.]
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So without more circumstance at all
I hold it fit that we shake hands and part. Shak.
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4. pl. Condition in regard to worldly estate; state of property; situation; surroundings.
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When men are easy in their circumstances, they are naturally enemies to innovations. Addison.
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Coloq. Not a circumstance , of no account. [Colloq.] -- Coloq. Under the circumstances , taking all things into consideration.

Syn. -- Event; occurrence; incident; situation; condition; position; fact; detail; item. See .
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Circumstance, v. t. To place in a particular situation; to supply relative incidents.
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The poet took the matters of fact as they came down to him and circumstanced them, after his own manner. Addison.
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Circumstanced (sẽrkŭmstănst), p. a. 1. Placed in a particular position or condition; situated.
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The proposition is, that two bodies so circumstanced will balance each other. Whewell.
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2. Governed by events or circumstances. [Poetic & R.] “I must be circumstanced.” Shak.
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circumstant (sẽrkŭmstănt), a. [L. circumstans. See .] Standing or placed around; surrounding. [R.] “Circumstant bodies.” Sir K. Digby.
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circumstantiable (sẽrkŭmstănshȧb'l) a. Capable of being circumstantiated. [Obs.] Jer Taylor.
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circumstantial (sẽrkŭmstănsh�l), a. [Cf. F. circonstanciel.]
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1. Consisting in, or pertaining to, circumstances or particular incidents.
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The usual character of human testimony is substantial truth under circumstantial variety. Paley.
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2. Incidental; relating to, but not essential.
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We must therefore distinguish between the essentials in religious worship . . . and what is merely circumstantial. Sharp.
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3. Abounding with circumstances; detailing or exhibiting all the circumstances; minute; particular.
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Tedious and circumstantial recitals. Prior.
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Coloq. Circumstantial evidence (Law), evidence obtained from circumstances, which necessarily or usually attend facts of a particular nature, from which arises presumption. According to some authorities circumstantial is distinguished from positive evidence in that the latter is the testimony of eyewitnesses to a fact or the admission of a party; but the prevalent opinion now is that all such testimony is dependent on circumstances for its support. All testimony is more or less circumstantial. Wharton.

Syn. -- See .
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Circumstantial, n. Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance; opposed to an essential; -- generally in the plural; as, the circumstantials of religion. Addison.
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Circumstantiality (?), n. The state, characteristic, or quality of being circumstantial; particularity or minuteness of detail. “I will endeavor to describe with sufficient circumstantiality.” De Quincey.
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Circumstantially (?), adv. 1. In respect to circumstances; not essentially; accidentally.
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Of the fancy and intellect, the powers are only circumstantially different. Glanvill.
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2. In every circumstance or particular; minutely.
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To set down somewhat circumstantially, not only the events, but the manner of my trials. Boyle.
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Circumstantiate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Circumstantiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Circumstantiating (?).] [See (�).]
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1. To place in particular circumstances; to invest with particular accidents or adjuncts. [R.]
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If the act were otherwise circumstantiated, it might will that freely which now it wills reluctantly. Bramhall.
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2. To prove or confirm by circumstances; to enter into details concerning.
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Neither will time permint to circumstantiate these particulars, which I have only touched in the general. State Trials (1661).
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Circumterraneous (?), a. [Pref. circum- + L. terra earth.] Being or dwelling around the earth. “Circumterraneous demouns.” H. Hallywell.
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Circumundulate (?), v. t. [Pref. circum- + undulate.] To flow round, as waves. [R.]
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Circumvallate (?), v. t. [L. circumvallatus, p. p. of circumvallare to surround with a wall; circum + vallare to wall, fr. vallum rampart.] To surround with a rampart or wall. Johnson.
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Circumvallate (?), a. 1. Surrounded with a wall; inclosed with a rampart.
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2. (Anat.) Surrounded by a ridge or elevation; as, the circumvallate papillæ, near the base of the tongue.
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Circumvallation (?), n. (Mil.) (a) The act of surrounding with a wall or rampart. (b) A line of field works made around a besieged place and the besieging army, to protect the camp of the besiegers against the attack of an enemy from without.
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Circumvection (?), n. [L. circumvectio; circum + vehere to carry.] The act of carrying anything around, or the state of being so carried.
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Circumvent (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Circumvented; p. pr. & vb. n. Circumventing.] [L. circumventis, p. p. of circumvenire, to come around, encompass, deceive; circum + venire to come, akin to E. come.] To gain advantage over by arts, stratagem, or deception; to decieve; to delude; to get around.
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I circumvented whom I could not gain. Dryden.
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Circumvention (?), n. [L. circumventio.] The act of prevailing over another by arts, address, or fraud; deception; fraud; imposture; delusion.
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A school in which he learns sly circumvention. Cowper.
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Circumventive (?), a. Tending to circumvent; deceiving by artifices; deluding.
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Circumventor (?), n. [L.] One who circumvents; one who gains his purpose by cunning.
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Circumvest (?), v. t. [L. circumvestire; circum + vestire to clothe.] To cover round, as with a garment; to invest. [Obs.]
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Circumvested with much prejudice. Sir H. Wotton.
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Circumvolant (?), a. [L. circumvolans, p. pr. See .] Flying around.
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The circumvolant troubles of humanity. G. Macdonald.
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Circumvolation (?), n. [L. circumvolate. -volatum, to fly around; circum + volare to fly.] The act of flying round. [R.]
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Circumvolution (?), n. [See .]
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1. The act of rolling round; the state of being rolled.
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2. A thing rolled round another. Arbuthnot.
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3. A roundabout procedure; a circumlocution.
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He had neither time nor temper for sentimental circumvolutions. Beaconsfield.
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Circumvolve (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Circumvolved (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Circumvolving.] [L. circumvolvere, -volutum; circum + volvere to roll.] To roll round; to cause to revolve; to put into a circular motion. Herrick.
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Circumvolve, v. i. To roll round; to revolve.
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Circus (?), n.; pl. Circuses (#). [L. circus circle, ring, circus (in sense 1). See , and cf. .]
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1. (Roman Antiq.) A level oblong space surrounded on three sides by seats of wood, earth, or stone, rising in tiers one above another, and divided lengthwise through the middle by a barrier around which the track or course was laid out. It was used for chariot races, games, and public shows.
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☞ The Circus Maximus at Rome could contain more than 100,000 spectators. Harpers' Latin Dict.
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2. A circular inclosure for the exhibition of feats of horsemanship, acrobatic displays, etc. Also, the company of performers, with their equipage.
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3. Circuit; space; inclosure. [R.]
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The narrow circus of my dungeon wall. Byron.
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Cirl bunting (?). [Cf. It. cirlo.] (Zoöl.) A European bunting (Emberiza cirlus).
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Cirque (?), n. [F., fr. L. circus.]
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1. A circle; a circus; a circular erection or arrangement of objects.
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A dismal cirque
Of Druid stones upon a forlorn moor. Keats.
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2. A kind of circular valley in the side of a mountain, walled around by precipices of great height.
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Cirrate (?), a. [L. cirratus having ringlets, fr. cirrus a curl.] (Zoöl.) Having cirri along the margin of a part or organ.
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Cirrhiferous (?), a. See .
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Cirrhose (?), a. Same as .
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Cirrhosis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � orange-colored: cf. F. cirrhose. So called from the yellowish appearance which the diseased liver often presents when cut.] (Med.) A disease of the liver in which it usually becomes smaller in size and more dense and fibrous in consistence; hence sometimes applied to similar changes in other organs, caused by increase in the fibrous framework and decrease in the proper substance of the organ.
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Cirrhotic (?), a. Pertaining to, caused by, or affected with, cirrhosis; as, cirrhotic degeneration; a cirrhotic liver.
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Cirrhous (?), a. See .
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Cirrhus (?), n. Same as .
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Cirri (?), n. pl. See .
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Cirriferous (?), a. [Cirrus + -ferous.] Bearing cirri, as many plants and animals.
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Cirriform (?), a. [Cirrus + -form.] (Biol.) Formed like a cirrus or tendril; -- said of appendages of both animals and plants.
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Cirrigerous (?), a. [Cirrus + -gerous.] (Biol.) Having curled locks of hair; supporting cirri, or hairlike appendages.
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Cirrigrade (?), a. [Cirrus + L. gradi to walk.] (Biol.) Moving or moved by cirri, or hairlike appendages.
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cirio n. the candlewood of Mexico and couthwestern California (Idria columnaris or Fouquieria columnaris), having tall columnar stems and bearing honey-scented creamy yellow flowers; -- called also the boojum tree.
Syn. -- boojum tree, Fouquieria columnaris, Idria columnaris.
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Cirriped (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Cirripedia.
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Cirripedia (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. cirrus curl + pes, pedis, foot.] (Zoöl.) An order of Crustacea including the barnacles. When adult, they have a calcareous shell composed of several pieces. From the opening of the shell the animal throws out a group of curved legs, looking like a delicate curl, whence the name of the group. See .
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Cirrobranchiata (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. E. cirrus + L. branchiae gills.] (Zoöl.) A division of Mollusca having slender, cirriform appendages near the mouth; the Scaphopoda.
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Cirro-cumulus (?), n. [Cirrus + cumulus.] (Meteor.) See under .
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Cirrose (?), a. [See .] (Bot.) (a) Bearing a tendril or tendrils; as, a cirrose leaf. (b) Resembling a tendril or cirrus. [Spelt also cirrhose.]
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Cirrostomi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. E. cirrus + Gr. � mouth.] (Zoöl.) The lowest group of vertebrates; -- so called from the cirri around the mouth; the Leptocardia. See .
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Cirro-stratus (?), n. [Cirrus + stratus.] (Meteor.) See under .
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Cirrous (?), a. 1. (Bot.) Cirrose.
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2. (Zoöl.) Tufted; -- said of certain feathers of birds.
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Cirrus (?), n.; pl. Cirri (#). [L., lock, curl, ringlet.] [Also written cirrhus.]
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1. (Bot.) A tendril or clasper.
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2. (Zoöl.) (a) A soft tactile appendage of the mantle of many Mollusca, and of the parapodia of Annelida. Those near the head of annelids are Tentacular cirri; those of the last segment are caudal cirri. (b) The jointed, leglike organs of Cirripedia. See , and .
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☞ In some of the inferior animals the cirri aid in locomotion; in others they are used in feeding; in the Annelida they are mostly organs of touch. Some cirri are branchial in function.
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3. (Zoöl.) The external male organ of trematodes and some other worms, and of certain Mollusca.
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4. (Meteor.) See under .
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Cirsocele (?), n. [Gr. � a dilated vein + � tumor.] (Med.) The varicose dilatation of the spermatic vein.
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Cirsoid (?), a. [Gr. � a dilated vein + -oid.] (Med.) Varicose.
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Coloq. Cirsoid aneurism , a disease of an artery in which it becomes dilated and elongated, like a varicose vein.
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Cirsotomy (?), n. [Gr. � a dilated vein + � to cut.] (Surg.) Any operation for the removal of varices by incision. Dunglison.
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Cis- (?). A Latin preposition, sometimes used as a prefix in English words, and signifying on this side.
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Cisalpine (?), a. [L. Cisalpinus; cis on this side + Alpinus Alpine.] On the hither side of the Alps with reference to Rome, that is, on the south side of the Alps; -- opposed to transalpine.
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Cisatlantic (?), a. [Pref. cis- + Atlantic.] On this side of the Atlantic Ocean; -- used of the eastern or the western side, according to the standpoint of the writer. Story.
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Cisco (?), n. (Zoöl.) The Lake herring (Coregonus Artedi), valuable food fish of the Great Lakes of North America. The name is also applied to Coregonus Hoyi, a related species of Lake Michigan.
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Ciselure (?), n. [F.] The process of chasing on metals; also, the work thus chased. Weale.
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Cisleithan (?), a. [Pref. cis- + Leitha.] On the Austrian side of the river Leitha; Austrian.
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Cismontane (?), a. [Pref. cis- + L. mons mountain.] On this side of the mountains. See under .
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Cispadane (?), a. [Pref. cis- + L. Padanus, pert. to the Padus or Po.] On the hither side of the river Po with reference to Rome; that is, on the south side.
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Cissoid (?), n. [Gr. � like ivy; � ivy + e'i^dos form.] (Geom.) A curve invented by Diocles, for the purpose of solving two celebrated problems of the higher geometry; viz., to trisect a plane angle, and to construct two geometrical means between two given straight lines.
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Cist (?), n. [L. cista box, chest, Gr. � Cf. .]
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1. (Antiq.) A box or chest. Specifically: (a) A bronze receptacle, round or oval, frequently decorated with engravings on the sides and cover, and with feet, handles, etc., of decorative castings. (b) A cinerary urn. See Illustration in Appendix.
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2. See .
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Cisted, a. Inclosed in a cyst. See .
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Cistercian (?), n. [LL. Cistercium. F. Cîteaux, a convent not far from Dijon, in France: cf. F. cistercien.] (Eccl.) A monk of the prolific branch of the Benedictine Order, established in 1098 at Cîteaux, in France, by Robert, abbot of Molesme. For two hundred years the Cistercians followed the rule of St. Benedict in all its rigor. -- a. Of or pertaining to the Cistercians.
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