Cistern - Clack

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Cistern (?), n. [OE. cisterne, OF. cisterne, F. cisterne, fr. L. cisterna, fr. cista box, chest. See , and cf. .] 1. An artificial reservoir or tank for holding water, beer, or other liquids.
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2. A natural reservoir; a hollow place containing water. “The wide cisterns of the lakes.” Blackmore.
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Cistic (?), a. See .
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Cistus n. a genus of small to medium-sized evergreen shrubs of southern Europe and northern Africa.
Syn. -- genus Cistus.
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Cit (�), n. [Contr. fr. citizen.] A citizen; an inhabitant of a city; a pert townsman; -- used contemptuously. “Insulted as a cit”. Johnson
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Which past endurance sting the tender cit. Emerson.
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Citable (?), a. Capable of being cited.
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Citadel (?), n. [F. citadelle, It. citadella, di�. of citt� city, fr. L. civitas. See .] A fortress in or near a fortified city, commanding the city and fortifications, and intended as a final point of defense.
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Coloq. Syn . -- Stronghold. See .
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Cital (?), n. [From ] 1. Summons to appear, as before a judge. [R.] Johnson
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2. Citation; quotation [R.] Johnson.
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Citation (?), n. [F. citation, LL. citatio, fr.L. citare to cite. See ] 1. An official summons or notice given to a person to appear; the paper containing such summons or notice.
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2. The act of citing a passage from a book, or from another person, in his own words; also, the passage or words quoted; quotation.
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This horse load of citations and fathers. Milton.
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3. Enumeration; mention; as, a citation of facts.
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4. (Law) A reference to decided cases, or books of authority, to prove a point in law.
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Citator (?), n. One who cites. [R]
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Citatory (?), a. [LL. citatirius.] Having the power or form of a citation; as, letters citatory.
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Cite (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cited; p. pr. & vb. n. Citing] [F. citer, fr. L. citare, intens. of cire, ciēre, to put in motion, to excite; akin to Gr.� to go, Skr. � to sharpen.] 1. To call upon officially or authoritatively to appear, as before a court; to summon.
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The cited dead,
Of all past ages, to the general doom
Shall hasten. Milton.
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Cited by finger of God. De Quincey.
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2. To urge; to enjoin. [R.] Shak.
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3. To quote; to repeat, as a passage from a book, or the words of another.
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The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. Shak.
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4. To refer to or specify, as for support, proof, illustration, or confirmation.
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The imperfections which you have cited. Shak.
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5. To bespeak; to indicate. [Obs.]
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Aged honor cites a virtuous youth. Shak.
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6. (Law) To notify of a proceeding in court. Abbot

Syn. -- To quote; mention, name; refer to; adduce; select; call; summon. See .
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Citer (?), n. One who cites.
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Citess (?), n. [From .] A city woman. [R.]
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Cithara (?), n. [L. Cf. , .] (Mus.) An ancient stringed musical instrument resembling the harp. [Also spelled kithara.]
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Citharistic (?), a. [Gr. �, fr. � cithara.] Pertaining, or adapted, to the cithara.
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cither n. a musical instrument resembling a harp with strings stretch over a flat sounding box; the . It is played with a plectrum and with fingers.
Syn. -- zither, zithern.
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Cithern (?), n. See .
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Citicism (?), n. [From cit.] The manners of a cit or citizen.
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Citied (?), a. 1. Belonging to, or resembling, a city. “Smoky, citied towns” [R.] Drayton.
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2. Containing, or covered with, cities. [R.] “The citied earth.” Keats.
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Citified (?), a. [City +-fy.] Aping, or having, the manners of a city.
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Citigradæ (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. citus swift (p. p. of cire, ciere, to move) + gradi to walk. See .] (Zoöl.) A suborder of Arachnoidea, including the European tarantula and the wolf spiders (Lycosidae) and their allies, which capture their prey by rapidly running and jumping. See .
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Citigrade (?), a. [Cf. F. citigrade.] (Zoöl.) Pertaining to the Citigradæ. -- n. One of the Citigradæ.
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Citiner (?), n. One who is born or bred in a city; a citizen. [Obs.] Champan.
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Citizen (?), n. [OE. citisein, OF. citeain, F. citoyen, fr. cité city. See , and cf. .] 1. One who enjoys the freedom and privileges of a city; a freeman of a city, as distinguished from a foreigner, or one not entitled to its franchises.
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That large body of the working men who were not counted as citizens and had not so much as a vote to serve as an anodyne to their stomachs. G. Eliot.
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2. An inhabitant of a city; a townsman. Shak.
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3. A person, native or naturalized, of either sex, who owes allegiance to a government, and is entitled to reciprocal protection from it.
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☞ This protection is . . . national protection, recognition of the individual, in the face of foreign nations, as a member of the state, and assertion of his security and rights abroad as well as at home. Abbot
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4. One who is domiciled in a country, and who is a citizen, though neither native nor naturalized, in such a sense that he takes his legal status from such country.
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Citizen, a. 1. Having the condition or qualities of a citizen, or of citizens; as, a citizen soldiery.
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2. Of or pertaining to the inhabitants of a city; characteristic of citizens; effeminate; luxurious. [Obs.]
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I am not well,
But not so citizen a wanton as
To seem to die ere sick. Shak.
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Citizeness, n. A female citizen. [R.]
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citizens' band n. that portion of the radio frequency spectrum allocated by the FCC for the use of individual citizens for short-distance personal or business use, from either fixed or mobile stations. Abreviated CB. Called also Citizens Radio Service.
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Citizenship, n. The state of being a citizen; the status of a citizen.
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Citole (?), n. [OF. citole, fr. L. cithara. .] (Mus.) A musical instrument; a kind of dulcimer. [Obs.]
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Citraconic (?), a. [Citric + aconitic.] Pertaining to, derived from, or having certain characteristics of, citric and aconitic acids.
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Coloq. Citraconic acid (Chem.), a white, crystalline, deliquescent substance, C3H4(CO2H)2, obtained by distillation of citric acid. It is a compound of the ethylene series.
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Citrange (?), n. [Citrus + orange.] A citrous fruit produced by a cross between the sweet orange and the trifoliate orange (Citrus trifoliata). It is more acid and has a more pronounced aroma than the orange; the tree is hardier. There are several varieties.
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Citrate (?), n. [From .] (Chem.) A salt of citric acid.
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Citric (?), a. [Cf. F. citrique. See .] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the citron or lemon; as, citric acid.
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Coloq. Citric acid (Chem.), an organic acid, C3H4OH.(CO2H)3, extracted from lemons, currants, gooseberries, etc., as a white crystalline substance, having a pleasant sour taste.
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citrin n. a vitamin that maintains the resistance of cell and capillary walls to permeation; -- called also vitamin P.
Syn. -- vitamin P, bioflavinoid.
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Citrination (?), n. [See .] The process by which anything becomes of the color of a lemon; esp., in alchemy, the state of perfection in the philosopher's stone indicated by its assuming a deep yellow color. Thynne.
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Citrine (?), a. [F. citrin. See .] Like a citron or lemon; of a lemon color; greenish yellow.
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Coloq. Citrine ointment (Med.), a yellowish mercurial ointment, the unguentum hydrargyri nitratis.
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Citrine, n. A yellow, pellucid variety of quartz.
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Citron (sĭtrŭn), n. [F. citron, LL. citro, fr. L. citrus citron tree (cf. citreum, sc. malum, a citron), from Gr. kitron citron] 1. (Bot) A fruit resembling a lemon, but larger, and pleasantly aromatic; it is produced by the citron tree (Citrus medica). The thick rind, when candied, is the citron of commerce. The fruit was once called the lime.
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2. A citron tree, Citrus medica.
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3. A citron melon.
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Coloq. Citron melon . (a) A small variety of muskmelon with sugary greenish flesh. (b) A small variety of watermelon, whose solid white flesh is used in making sweetmeats and preserves. -- Coloq. Citron tree (Bot.), the tree which bears citrons. It was probably a native of northern India, and is now understood to be the typical form of Citrus Medica.
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Citroncirus n. a cross between Citrus sinensis and Poncirus trifoliata.
Syn. -- genus Citroncirus.
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citronwood n. 1. wood of a citron tree.
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2. a durable fragrant wood used in building (as in the roof of Cordova Cathedral); -- called also sandarac.
Syn. -- sandarac.
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citrous (sĭtrŭs), adj. of or pertaining to a citrus tree; as, a citrous disease.
Syn. -- citrus.
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2. of or pertaining to citrus. the citrus production of Florida
Syn. -- citrus.
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citrulline n. an amino acid that is an intermediate in the conversion of ornithine to arginine.
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Citrullus n. a genus of vines including the watermelons (Citrullus lanata).
Syn. -- genus Citrullus.
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Citrus (sĭtrŭs), n. [L., a citron tree.] 1. (Bot.) A genus of trees including the orange, lemon, lime, tangerine, citron, grapefruit, etc., originally natives of southern Asia.
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2. (Bot.) any tree belonging to the genus Citrus, having leathery evergreen leaves and bearing a soft pulpy fruit covered by a thick skin; -- called also citrus tree.
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3. (Bot.) the fruit of a tree belonging to the genus Citrus, having a thick shiny skin and a soft, sweet to tart pulp.
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citrus tree (sĭtrŭs trē), n. (Bot.) same as .
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Cittern (?), n. [L.cithara, Gr. kiqara. Cf. , .] (Mus.) An instrument shaped like a lute, but strung with wire and played with a quill or plectrum. [Written also cithern.] Shak.
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☞ Not to be confounded with zither.
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Cittern-head (?), n. Blockhead; dunce; -- so called because the handle of a cittern usually ended with a carved head. Marsion
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City (sĭt�), n.; pl. Cities (sĭtĭz). [OE. cite, F. cité, fr. L. civitas citizenship, state, city, fr. civis citizen; akin to Goth. heiwa (in heiwafrauja man of the house), AS. hīwan, pl., members of a family, servants, hīred family, G. heirath marriage, prop., providing a house, E. hind a peasant.] 1. A large town.
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2. A corporate town; in the United States, a town or collective body of inhabitants, incorporated and governed by a mayor and aldermen or a city council consisting of a board of aldermen and a common council; in Great Britain, a town corporate, which is or has been the seat of a bishop, or the capital of his see.
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A city is a town incorporated; which is, or has been, the see of a bishop; and though the bishopric has been dissolved, as at Westminster, it yet remaineth a city. Blackstone
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When Gorges constituted York a city, he of course meant it to be the seat of a bishop, for the word city has no other meaning in English law. Palfrey
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3. The collective body of citizens, or inhabitants of a city. “What is the city but the people?” Shak.

Syn. -- See .
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City, a. Of or pertaining to a city. Shak.
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Coloq. City council . See under . -- Coloq. City court , The municipal court of a city. [U. S.] -- Coloq. City ward , a watchman, or the collective watchmen, of a city. [Obs.] Fairfax.
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city-bred adj. raised in a city.
Syn. -- citified, city born.
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city-like cityfied adj. having the customs or manners or dress of city people.
Syn. -- citified.
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citywide adj. including or occurring in all parts of a city; as, citywide bussing; a citywide strike.
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Cive (sīv), n. (Bot.) Same as .
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Civet (sĭvĕt), n. [F. civette (cf. It. zibetto) civet, civet cat, fr. LGr. zapetion, fr. Ar. zubād, zabād, civet.] 1. A substance, of the consistence of butter or honey, taken from glands in the anal pouch of the civet (Viverra civetta). It is of clear yellowish or brownish color, of a strong, musky odor, offensive when undiluted, but agreeable when a small portion is mixed with another substance. It is used as a perfume.
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2. (Zoöl) The animal that produces civet (Viverra civetta); -- called also civet cat. It is carnivorous, from two to three feet long, and of a brownish gray color, with transverse black bands and spots on the body and tail. It is a native of northern Africa and of Asia. The name is also applied to other species.
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Civet (?), v. t. To scent or perfume with civet. Cowper
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Civic (?), a. [L.civicus, fr. civis citizen. See .] Relating to, or derived from, a city or citizen; relating to man as a member of society, or to civil affairs.
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Coloq. Civic crown (Rom. Antiq.), a crown or garland of oak leaves and acorns, bestowed on a soldier who had saved the life of a citizen in battle.
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Civicism (?), n. The principle of civil government.
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Civics (?), n. The science of civil government.
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civies n. civilian garb as opposed to a military uniform.
Syn. -- civvies.
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Civil (?), a. [L. civilis, fr. civis citizen: cf. F. civil. See .] 1. Pertaining to a city or state, or to a citizen in his relations to his fellow citizens or to the state; within the city or state.
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2. Subject to government; reduced to order; civilized; not barbarous; -- said of the community.
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England was very rude and barbarous; for it is but even the other day since England grew civil. Spenser.
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3. Performing the duties of a citizen; obedient to government; -- said of an individual.
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Civil men come nearer the saints of God than others; they come within a step or two of heaven. Preston
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4. Having the manners of one dwelling in a city, as opposed to those of savages or rustics; polite; courteous; complaisant; affable.
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☞ “A civil man now is one observant of slight external courtesies in the mutual intercourse between man and man; a civil man once was one who fulfilled all the duties and obligations flowing from his position as a 'civis' and his relations to the other members of that 'civitas.'” Trench
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5. Pertaining to civic life and affairs, in distinction from military, ecclesiastical, or official state.
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6. Relating to rights and remedies sought by action or suit distinct from criminal proceedings.
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Coloq. Civil action , an action to enforce the rights or redress the wrongs of an individual, not involving a criminal proceeding. -- Coloq. Civil architecture , the architecture which is employed in constructing buildings for the purposes of civil life, in distinction from military and naval architecture, as private houses, palaces, churches, etc. -- Coloq. Civil death . (Law.) See under . -- Coloq. Civil engineering . See under . -- Coloq. Civil law . See under . -- Coloq. Civil list . See under . -- Coloq. Civil remedy (Law), that given to a person injured, by action, as opposed to a criminal prosecution. -- Coloq. Civil service , all service rendered to and paid for by the state or nation other than that pertaining to naval or military affairs. -- Coloq. Civil service reform , the substitution of business principles and methods for the spoils system in the conduct of the civil service, esp. in the matter of appointments to office. -- Coloq. Civil state , the whole body of the laity or citizens not included under the military, maritime, and ecclesiastical states. -- Coloq. Civil suit . Same as Civil action. -- Coloq. Civil war . See under . -- Coloq. Civil year . See under .
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Civilian (?), n. [From ] 1. One skilled in the civil law.
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Ancient civilians and writers upon government. Swift.
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2. A student of the civil law at a university or college. R. Graves.
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3. One whose pursuits are those of civil life, not military or clerical.
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Civilist (?), n. A civilian. [R.] Warburton.
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Civility (?), n.; pl. Civilities (#). [L. civilitas: cf. F. civilité. See .] 1. The state of society in which the relations and duties of a citizen are recognized and obeyed; a state of civilization. [Obs.]
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Monarchies have risen from barbarrism to civility, and fallen again to ruin. Sir J. Davies.
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The gradual depature of all deeper signification from the word civility has obliged the creation of another word -- civilization. Trench.
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2. A civil office, or a civil process [Obs.]
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To serve in a civility. Latimer.
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3. Courtesy; politeness; kind attention; good breeding; a polite act or expression.
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The insolent civility of a proud man is, if possible, more shocking than his rudeness could be. Chesterfield.
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The sweet civilities of life. Dryden.

Syn. -- Urbanity; affability; complaisance.
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Civilizable (?), a. Capable of being civilized.
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Civilization (?), n. [Cf. F. civilisation.] 1. The act of civilizing, or the state of being civilized; national culture; refinement.
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Our manners, our civilization, and all the good things connected with manners, and with civilization, have, in this European world of ours, depended for ages upon two principles -- . . . the spirit of a gentleman, and spirit of religion. Burke
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2. (Law) Rendering a criminal process civil. [Obs.]
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Civilize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Civilized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Civilizing.] [Cf. F. civilizer, fr.L. civilis civil. See .] 1. To reclaim from a savage state; to instruct in the rules and customs of civilization; to educate; to refine.
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Yet blest that fate which did his arms dispose
Her land to civilize, as to subdue. Dryden
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2. To admit as suitable to a civilized state. [Obs. or R.] “Civilizing adultery.” Milton.

Syn. -- To polish; refine; humanize.
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Civilized (?), a. Reclaimed from savage life and manners; instructed in arts, learning, and civil manners; refined; cultivated.
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Sale of conscience and duty in open market is not reconcilable with the present state of civilized society. J. Quincy.
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Civilizer (?), n. One who, or that which, civilizes or tends to civilize.
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civil-libertarian adj. having or showing active concern for protection of civil liberties protected by law.
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civil-libertarian n. a person having or showing active concern for protection of civil liberties protected by law.
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civil right, civil rights a legal right or rights belonging to a person by reason of citizenship, including especially the fundamental freedoms and privileges guaranteed by the 13th and 14th amendments and subsequent acts of congress, including the right to legal and social and economic equality.
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Civil Service Commission. In the United States, a commission appointed by the President, consisting of three members, not more than two of whom may be adherents of the same party, which has the control, through examinations, of appointments and promotions in the classified civil service. It was created by act of Jan, 16, 1883 (22 Stat. 403).
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Civil Service Reform. The substitution of business principles and methods for political methods in the conduct of the civil service. esp. the merit system instead of the spoils system in making appointments to office.
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Civily (?), adv. In a civil manner; as regards civil rights and privileges; politely; courteously; in a well bred manner.
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Civism (?), n. [Cf. F. civisme, fr.L. civis citizen.] State of citizenship. [R.] Dyer.
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Cizar (?), v. i. [From .] To clip with scissors. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

Cizars (?), n. pl. Scissors. [Obs.] Swift.
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Cize (?), n. Bulk; largeness. [Obs.] See .
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Clabber (?), n. [See ] Milk curdled so as to become thick.
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Clabber, v. i. To become clabber; to lopper.
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Clachan (?), n. [Scot., fr. Gael.] A small village containing a church. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott
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Sitting at the clachon alehouse. R. L. Stevenson.
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Clack (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Clacked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Clacking.] [Prob. of imitative origin; cf. F.claquer to clap, crack, D. klakken, MHG. klac crack, Ir. clagaim I make a noise, ring. Cf. , n., , .] 1. To make a sudden, sharp noise, or a succesion of such noises, as by striking an object, or by collision of parts; to rattle; to click.
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We heard Mr.Hodson's whip clacking on the ahoulders of the poor little wretches. Thackeray.
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