Depthen - Derive

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7. (Aëronautics) The perpendicular distance from the chord to the farthest point of an arched surface.
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8. (Computers) the maximum number of times a type of procedure is reiteratively called before the last call is exited; -- of subroutines or procedures which are reentrant; -- used of call stacks.
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Coloq. Depth of a sail (Naut.), the extent of a square sail from the head rope to the foot rope; the length of the after leach of a staysail or boom sail; -- commonly called the drop of a sail.
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Depthen (?), v. t. To deepen. [Obs.]
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Depthless, a. 1. Having no depth; shallow.
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2. Of measureless depth; unfathomable.
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In clouds of depthless night. Francis.
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Depucelate (?), v. t. [L. de + LL. pucella virgin, F. pucelle: cf. F. dépuceler.] To deflour; to deprive of virginity. [Obs.] Bailey.
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Depudicate (?), v. t. [L. depudicatus, p. p. of depudicare.] To deflour; to dishonor. [Obs.]
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Depulse (?), v. t. [L. depulsus, p. p. of depellere to drive out; de- + pellere to drive.] To drive away. [Obs.] Cockeram.
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Depulsion (?), n. [L. depulsio.] A driving or thrusting away. [R.] Speed.
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Depulsory (?), a. [L. depulsorius.] Driving or thrusting away; averting. [R.] Holland.
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Depurant (?), a. & n. (Med.) Depurative.
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Depurate (?), a. [LL. depuratus, p. p. of depurare to purify; L. de- + purare to purify, purus clean, pure. Cf. .] Depurated; cleansed; freed from impurities. Boyle.
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Depurate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depurated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Depurating (?).] To free from impurities, heterogeneous matter, or feculence; to purify; to cleanse.
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To depurate the mass of blood. Boyle.
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Depuration (?), n. [Cf. F. dépuration.] The act or process of depurating or freeing from foreign or impure matter, as a liquid or wound.
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Depurative (?), a. [Cf. F. dépuratif.] (Med.) Purifying the blood or the humors; depuratory. -- n. A depurative remedy or agent; or a disease which is believed to be depurative.
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Depurator (?), n. One who, or that which, cleanses.
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Depuratory (?), a. [Cf. F. dépuratoire.] Depurating; tending to depurate or cleanse; depurative.
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Depure (?), v. t. [F. dépurer. See .] To depurate; to purify. [Obs.]
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He shall first be depured and cleansed before that he shall be laid up for pure gold in the treasures of God. Sir T. More.
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Depurgatory (?), a. Serving to purge; tending to cleanse or purify. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
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Depurition (?), n. See .
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Deputable (?), a. Fit to be deputed; suitable to act as a deputy. Carlyle.
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Deputation (?), n. [Cf. F. députation. See .] 1. The act of deputing, or of appointing or commissioning a deputy or representative; office of a deputy or delegate; vicegerency.
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The authority of conscience stands founded upon its vicegerency and deputation under God. South.
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2. The person or persons deputed or commissioned by another person, party, or public body to act in his or its behalf; delegation; as, the general sent a deputation to the enemy to propose a truce.
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Coloq. By deputation , or Coloq. In deputation , by delegated authority; as substitute; through the medium of a deputy. [Obs.]
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Say to great Cæsar this: In deputation
I kiss his conquering hand. Shak.
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Deputator (?), n. One who deputes, or makes a deputation. [R.] Locke.
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Depute (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deputed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deputing.] [F. députer, fr. L. deputare to esteem, consider, in LL., to destine, allot; de- + putare to clean, prune, clear up, set in order, reckon, think. See .] 1. To appoint as deputy or agent; to commission to act in one's place; to delegate.
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There is no man deputed of the king to hear thee. 2. Sam. xv. 3.
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Some persons, deputed by a meeting. Macaulay.
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2. To appoint; to assign; to choose. [R.]
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The most conspicuous places in cities are usually deputed for the erection of statues. Barrow.
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Depute, n. A person deputed; a deputy. [Scot.]
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deputise (dĕp�tīz), v. t. same as .
Syn. -- depute, deputize.
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deputize (dĕp�tīz), v. t. To appoint as one's deputy; to empower to act in one's stead; to appoint as one's substitute; to depute.
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deputy (dĕp�t�), n.; pl. Deputies (dĕp�tĭz). [F. député, fr. LL. deputatus. See .] 1. One appointed as the substitute of another, and empowered to act for him, in his name or his behalf; a substitute in office; a lieutenant; a representative; a delegate; a vicegerent; as, the deputy of a prince, of a sheriff, of a township, etc.
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There was then [in the days of Jehoshaphat] no king in Edom; a deputy was king. 1 Kings xxii. 47.
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God's substitute,
His deputy anointed in His sight. Shak.
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☞ Deputy is used in combination with the names of various executive officers, to denote an assistant empowered to act in their name; as, deputy collector, deputy marshal, deputy sheriff.
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2. A member of the Chamber of Deputies. [France]
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Coloq. Chamber of Deputies , one of the two branches of the French legislative assembly; -- formerly called Corps Législatif. Its members, called deputies, are elected by the people voting in districts.

Syn. -- Substitute; representative; legate; delegate; envoy; agent; factor.
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Dequantitate (?), v. t. [L. de- + quantitas, -atis. See .] To diminish the quantity of; to disquantity. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
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Dequeen (?), v. t. (Apiculture) To remove the queen from (a hive of bees).
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Deracinate (d�răsĭnāt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deracinated (d�răsĭnātĕd); p. pr. & vb. n. Deracinating (d�răsĭnātĭng).] [F. déraciner; pref. dé- (L. dis) + racine root, fr. an assumed LL. radicina, fr. L. radix, radicis, root.] To pluck up by the roots; to extirpate. [R.]
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While that the colter rusts
That should deracinate such savagery. Shak.
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Deracination (?), n. The act of pulling up by the roots; eradication. [R.]

{ Deraign, Derain } (?), v. t. [See .] (Old Law) To prove or to refute by proof; to clear (one's self). [Obs.]

{ Deraignment, Derainment } (?), n. [See .] 1. The act of deraigning. [Obs.]
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2. The renunciation of religious or monastic vows. [Obs.] Blount.
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Derail (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Derailing.] To cause to run off from the rails of a railroad, as a locomotive. Lardner.
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Derailment (?), n. The act of going off, or the state of being off, the rails of a railroad.
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Derange (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deranged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deranging.] [F. déranger; pref. dé- = dés- (L. dis) + ranger to range. See , and cf. , .] 1. To put out of place, order, or rank; to disturb the proper arrangement or order of; to throw into disorder, confusion, or embarrassment; to disorder; to disarrange; as, to derange the plans of a commander, or the affairs of a nation.
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2. To disturb in action or function, as a part or organ, or the whole of a machine or organism.
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A sudden fall deranges some of our internal parts. Blair.
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3. To disturb in the orderly or normal action of the intellect; to render insane.

Syn. -- To disorder; disarrange; displace; unsettle; disturb; confuse; discompose; ruffle; disconcert.
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Deranged (?), a. Disordered; especially, disordered in mind; crazy; insane.
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The story of a poor deranged parish lad. Lamb.
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Derangement (?), n. [Cf. F. dérangement.] The act of deranging or putting out of order, or the state of being deranged; disarrangement; disorder; confusion; especially, mental disorder; insanity.

Syn. -- Disorder; confusion; embarrassment; irregularity; disturbance; insanity; lunacy; madness; delirium; mania. See .
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Deranger (?), n. One who deranges.
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Deray (?), n. [OF. derroi, desroi, desrei; pref. des- (L. dis-) + roi, rei, rai, order. See .] Disorder; merriment. [Obs.]
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Derbio (?), n. (Zoöl.) A large European food fish (Lichia glauca).
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Derby (?; usually ? in Eng.; 85), n. 1. A race for three-old horses, run annually at Epsom (near London), for the Derby stakes. It was instituted by the 12th Earl of Derby, in 1780.
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Coloq. Derby Day , the day of the annual race for the Derby stakes, -- Wednesday of the week before Whitsuntide.
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2. A stiff felt hat with a dome-shaped crown.
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Derbyshire spar (?). (Min.) A massive variety of fluor spar, found in Derbyshire, England, and wrought into vases and other ornamental work.
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Derdoing (?), a. [See , v. t.] Doing daring or chivalrous deeds. [Obs.] “In derdoing arms.” Spenser.
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Dere (?), v. t. [AS. derian to hurt.] To hurt; to harm; to injure. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Dere, n. Harm. [Obs.] Robert of Brunne.

Derecho (?), n. [Sp. derecho straight.] A straight wind without apparent cyclonic tendency, usually accompanied with rain and often destructive, common in the prairie regions of the United States.
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{ Dereine, Dereyne (?) }, v. t. Same as . [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Derelict (?), a. [L. derelictus, p. p. of derelinquere to forsake wholly, to abandon; de- + relinquere to leave. See .] 1. Given up or forsaken by the natural owner or guardian; left and abandoned; as, derelict lands.
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The affections which these exposed or derelict children bear to their mothers, have no grounds of nature or assiduity but civility and opinion. Jer. Taylor.
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2. Lost; adrift; hence, wanting; careless; neglectful; unfaithful.
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They easily prevailed, so as to seize upon the vacant, unoccupied, and derelict minds of his [Chatham's] friends; and instantly they turned the vessel wholly out of the course of his policy. Burke.
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A government which is either unable or unwilling to redress such wrongs is derelict to its highest duties. J. Buchanan.
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Derelict, n. (Law) (a) A thing voluntary abandoned or willfully cast away by its proper owner, especially a ship abandoned at sea. (b) A tract of land left dry by the sea, and fit for cultivation or use.
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Dereliction (?), n. [L. derelictio.] 1. The act of leaving with an intention not to reclaim or resume; an utter forsaking abandonment.
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Cession or dereliction, actual or tacit, of other powers. Burke.
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2. A neglect or omission as if by willful abandonment.
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A total dereliction of military duties. Sir W. Scott.
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3. The state of being left or abandoned.
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4. (Law) A retiring of the sea, occasioning a change of high-water mark, whereby land is gained.
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Dereligionize (?), v. t. To make irreligious; to turn from religion. [R.]
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He would dereligionize men beyond all others. De Quincey.
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Dereling (?), n. Darling. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Dereplication (?), n. (Biochem.) the process of testing samples of mixtures which are active in a screening process, so as to recognize and eliminate from consideration those active substances already studied; -- a stage subsequent to the preliminary screening in the process of discovery of new pharmacologically active substances in mixtures of natural products; -- also called counterscreening. See . In the process of pharmaceutical screening (testing a large number of substances to find those having desirable pharmacological activity), the testing of samples of substances extracted from living organisms (plants, microorganisms, etc.) often detects substances already detected in prior screening. Such “known” or “replicate” activities must be recognized at an early stage to avoid duplicating previous efforts at purification and structural identification. The process of testing an sample which is active in a primary screen, to determine if the activity is due to a previously known substance, is called dereplication or counterscreening.
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Derf (?), a. [Icel. djafr.] Strong; powerful; fierce. [Obs.] -- Derfly, adv. [Obs.]
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Deride (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derided; p. pr. & vb. n. Deriding.] [L. deridere, derisum; de- + rid�re to laugh. See .] To laugh at with contempt; to laugh to scorn; to turn to ridicule or make sport of; to mock; to scoff at.
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And the Pharisees, also, . . . derided him. Luke xvi. 14.
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Sport that wrinkled Care derides.
And Laughter holding both his sides. Milton.

Syn. -- To mock; laugh at; ridicule; insult; taunt; jeer; banter; rally. -- To , , , . A man may ridicule without any unkindness of feeling; his object may be to correct; as, to ridicule the follies of the age. He who derides is actuated by a severe a contemptuous spirit; as, to deride one for his religious principles. To mock is stronger, and denotes open and scornful derision; as, to mock at sin. To taunt is to reproach with the keenest insult; as, to taunt one for his misfortunes. Ridicule consists more in words than in actions; derision and mockery evince themselves in actions as well as words; taunts are always expressed in words of extreme bitterness.
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Derider (?), n. One who derides, or laughs at, another in contempt; a mocker; a scoffer.
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Deridingly, adv. By way of derision or mockery.
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De rigueur (?). [F. See 2d .] According to strictness (of etiquette, rule, or the like); obligatory; strictly required.
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Derision (?), n. [L. derisio: cf. F. dérision. See .] 1. The act of deriding, or the state of being derided; mockery; scornful or contemptuous treatment which holds one up to ridicule.
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He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh; the Lord shall have them in derision. Ps. ii. 4.
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Satan beheld their plight,
And to his mates thus in derision called. Milton.
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2. An object of derision or scorn; a laughing-stock.
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I was a derision to all my people. Lam. iii. 14.

Syn. -- Scorn; mockery; contempt; insult; ridicule.
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Derisive (?), a. Expressing, serving for, or characterized by, derision. “Derisive taunts.” Pope. -- Derisively, adv. -- Derisiveness, n.
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Derisory (?), a. [L. derisorius: cf. F. dérisoire.] Derisive; mocking. Shaftesbury.
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Derivable (?), a. [From .] That can be derived; obtainable by transmission; capable of being known by inference, as from premises or data; capable of being traced, as from a radical; as, income is derivable from various sources.
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All honor derivable upon me. South.
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The exquisite pleasure derivable from the true and beautiful relations of domestic life. H. G. Bell.
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The argument derivable from the doxologies. J. H. Newman.
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Derivably, adv. By derivation.
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Derival (?), n. Derivation. [R.]
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The derival of e from a. Earle.
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Derivate (?), a. [L. derivatus, p. p. of derivare. See .] Derived; derivative. [R.] H. Taylor. -- n. A thing derived; a derivative. [R.]
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Derivate (?), v. t. To derive. [Obs.] Huloet.
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Derivation (?), n. [L. derivatio: cf. F. dérivation. See .] 1. A leading or drawing off of water from a stream or source. [Obs.] T. Burnet.
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2. The act of receiving anything from a source; the act of procuring an effect from a cause, means, or condition, as profits from capital, conclusions or opinions from evidence.
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As touching traditional communication, . . . I do not doubt but many of those truths have had the help of that derivation. Sir M. Hale.
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3. The act of tracing origin or descent, as in grammar or genealogy; as, the derivation of a word from an Aryan root.
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4. The state or method of being derived; the relation of origin when established or asserted.
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5. That from which a thing is derived.
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6. That which is derived; a derivative; a deduction.
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From the Euphrates into an artificial derivation of that river. Gibbon.
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7. (Math.) The operation of deducing one function from another according to some fixed law, called the law of derivation, as the operation of differentiation or of integration.
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8. (Med.) A drawing of humors or fluids from one part of the body to another, to relieve or lessen a morbid process.
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9. The formation of a word from its more original or radical elements; also, a statement of the origin and history of a word.
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Derivational (?), a. Relating to derivation. Earle.
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Derivative (?), a. [L. derivativus: cf. F. dérivatif.] Obtained by derivation; derived; not radical, original, or fundamental; originating, deduced, or formed from something else; secondary; as, a derivative conveyance; a derivative word.
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2. Hence, unoriginal (said of art or other intellectual products.
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Coloq. Derivative circulation , a modification of the circulation found in some parts of the body, in which the arteries empty directly into the veins without the interposition of capillaries. Flint.

-- Derivatively, adv. -- Derivativeness, n.
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Derivative, n. 1. That which is derived; anything obtained or deduced from another.
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2. (Gram.) A word formed from another word, by a prefix or suffix, an internal modification, or some other change; a word which takes its origin from a root.
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3. (Mus.) A chord, not fundamental, but obtained from another by inversion; or, vice versa, a ground tone or root implied in its harmonics in an actual chord.
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4. (Med.) An agent which is adapted to produce a derivation (in the medical sense).
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5. (Math.) A derived function; a function obtained from a given function by a certain algebraic process.
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☞ Except in the mode of derivation the derivative is the same as the differential coefficient. See Differential coefficient, under .
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6. (Chem.) A substance so related to another substance by modification or partial substitution as to be regarded as derived from it; thus, the amido compounds are derivatives of ammonia, and the hydrocarbons are derivatives of methane, benzene, etc.
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derivatize v. t. (Chem.) to alter the chemical composition [of a compound] by a chemical reaction which changes some part of the molecule, leaving most of the molecule unchanged; to prepare a derivative{6} from.
Syn. -- modify.
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Derive (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derived (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deriving.] [F. dériver, L. derivare; de- + rivus stream, brook. See .] 1. To turn the course of, as water; to divert and distribute into subordinate channels; to diffuse; to communicate; to transmit; -- followed by to, into, on, upon. [Obs.]
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For fear it [water] choke up the pits . . . they [the workman] derive it by other drains. Holland.
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Her due loves derived to that vile witch's share. Spenser.
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Derived to us by tradition from Adam to Noah. Jer. Taylor.
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2. To receive, as from a source or origin; to obtain by descent or by transmission; to draw; to deduce; -- followed by from.
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