Dupper - Duty

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3. (Law) (a) The use of two or more distinct allegations or answers, where one is sufficient. Blackstone. (b) In indictments, the union of two incompatible offenses. Wharton.

Syn. -- Double dealing; dissimulation; deceit; guile; deception; falsehood.
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Dupper (?), n. See 2d .
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Dur (?), a. [G., fr. L. durus hard, firm, vigorous.] (Mus.) Major; in the major mode; as, C dur, that is, C major.
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Dura (?), n. Short form for .
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Durability, n. [L. durabilitas.] The state or quality of being durable; the power of uninterrupted or long continuance in any condition; the power of resisting agents or influences which tend to cause changes, decay, or dissolution; lastingness.
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A Gothic cathedral raises ideas of grandeur in our minds by the size, its height, . . . its antiquity, and its durability. Blair.
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Durable (?), a. [L. durabilis, fr. durare to last: cf. F. durable. See .] Able to endure or continue in a particular condition; lasting; not perishable or changeable; not wearing out or decaying soon; enduring; as, durable cloth; durable happiness.
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Riches and honor are with me; yea, durable riches and righteousness. Prov. viii. 18.
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An interest which from its object and grounds must be so durable. De Quincey.

Syn. -- Lasting; permanent; enduring; firm; stable; continuing; constant; persistent. See .
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Durableness, n. Power of lasting, enduring, or resisting; durability.
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The durableness of the metal that supports it. Addison.
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Durably, adv. In a lasting manner; with long continuance.
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Dural (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the dura, or dura mater.
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Duralumin prop. n. [a trademark.] an aluminum-based alloy which is both light and strong, containing 4 per cent of copper and 0.5 per cent of magnesium and smaller amounts of iron, manganese, and silicon. It hardens with aging at room temperature.
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Dura mater (?). [L., lit., hard mother. The membrane was called mater, or mother, because it was formerly thought to give rise to every membrane of the body.] (Anat.) The tough, fibrous membrane, which lines the cavity of the skull and spinal column, and surrounds the brain and spinal cord; -- frequently abbreviated to dura.
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Duramen (?), n. [L., hardness, a hardened, i. e., ligneous, vine branch, fr. durare to harden. See .] (Bot.) The heartwood of an exogenous tree.
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Durance (?), n. [OF. durance duration, fr. L. durans, -antis, p. pr. durare to endure, last. See , and cf. .] 1. Continuance; duration. See . [Archaic]
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Of how short durance was this new-made state! Dryden.
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2. Imprisonment; restraint of the person; custody by a jailer; duress. Shak. “Durance vile.” Burns.
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In durance, exile, Bedlam or the mint. Pope.
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3. (a) A stout cloth stuff, formerly made in imitation of buff leather and used for garments; a sort of tammy or everlasting.
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Where didst thou buy this buff? let me not live but I will give thee a good suit of durance. J. Webster.

(b) In modern manufacture, a worsted of one color used for window blinds and similar purposes.
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Durancy (?), n. Duration. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
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Durant (?), n. [F. durant, p. pr. of durer to last. Cf. .] See , 3.
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Durante (?), prep. [L., abl. case of the p. pr. of durare to last.] (Law) During; as, durante vita, during life; durante bene placito, during pleasure.
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Duration (?), n. [OF. duration. See .] The state or quality of lasting; continuance in time; the portion of time during which anything exists.
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It was proposed that the duration of Parliament should be limited. Macaulay.
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Soon shall have passed our own human duration. D. Webster.
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Durative (?), a. Continuing; not completed; implying duration.
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Its durative tense, which expresses the thought of it as going on. J. Byrne.
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Durbar (?), n. [Hind. darbār, fr. Per dar�ār house, court, hall of audience; dar door, gate + bār court, assembly.] An audience hall; the court of a native prince; a state levee; a formal reception of native princes, given by the governor general of India. [India] [Written also darbar.]
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Dure (?), a. [L. durus; akin to Ir. & Gael. dur �, stubborn, W. dir certain, sure, cf. Gr. � force.] Hard; harsh; severe; rough; toilsome. [R.]
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The winter is severe, and life is dure and rude. W. H. Russell.
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Dure, v. i. [F. durer, L. durare to harden, be hardened, to endure, last, fr. durus hard. See , a.] To last; to continue; to endure. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
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Yet hath he not root in himself, but dureth for a while. Matt. xiii. 21.
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Dureful (?), a. Lasting. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Dureless, a. Not lasting. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.
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Durene (?), n. [L. durus hard; -- so called because solid at ordinary temperatures.] (Chem.) A colorless, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C6H2(CH3)4, off artificial production, with an odor like camphor.
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Duress (?), n. [OF. duresse, du�, hardship, severity, L. duritia, durities, fr. durus hard. See .] 1. Hardship; constraint; pressure; imprisonment; restraint of liberty.
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The agreements . . . made with the landlords during the time of slavery, are only the effect of duress and force. Burke.
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2. (Law) The state of compulsion or necessity in which a person is influenced, whether by the unlawful restrain of his liberty or by actual or threatened physical violence, to incur a civil liability or to commit an offense.
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Duress (?), v. t. To subject to duress. “The party duressed.” Bacon.
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Duressor (?), n. (Law) One who subjects another to duress Bacon.
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Durga (?), n. (Myth.) Same as .
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Durham (?), n. One or a breed of short-horned cattle, originating in the county of Durham, England. The Durham cattle are noted for their beef-producing quality.

{ Durian (?), or Durion (?) }, n. (Bot.) The fruit of the durio. It is oval or globular, and eight or ten inches long. It has a hard prickly rind, containing a soft, cream-colored pulp, of a most delicious flavor and a very offensive odor. The seeds are roasted and eaten like chestnuts.
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During (?), prep. [Orig., p. pr. of dure.] In the time of; as long as the action or existence of; as, during life; during the space of a year.
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Durio (?), n. [NL., fr. Malay d�ri thorn.] (Bot.) A fruit tree (Durio zibethinus, the only species known) of the Indian Archipelago. It bears the durian.
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Durity (?), n. [L. duritas, fr. durus hard.] [Obs.] 1. Hardness; firmness. Sir T. Browne.
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2. Harshness; cruelty. Cockeram.
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Durometer (?), n. [L. durus hard + -meter.] An instrument for measuring the degree of hardness; especially, an instrument for testing the relative hardness of steel rails and the like.
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Durous (?), a. [L. durus.] Hard. [Obs. & R.]
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Durra (?), n. [Ar. dhorra.] (Bot.) A kind of millet, cultivated throughout Asia, and introduced into the south of Europe; a variety of Sorghum vulgare; -- called also Indian millet, and Guinea corn. [Written also dhoorra, dhurra, doura, etc.]
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Durst (?), imp. of . See , v. i.
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Durukuli (?), n. (Zoöl.) A small, nocturnal, South American monkey of the genus Aotus (formerly Nyctipthecus trivirgatus). The owl monkey. See . [Written also douroucouli.]
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Durylic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, allied to, or derived from, durene; as, durylic acid.
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Duse (?), n. A demon or spirit. See .
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Dusk (?), a. [OE. dusc, dosc, deosc; cf. dial. Sw. duska to drizzle, dusk a slight shower. ���.] Tending to darkness or blackness; moderately dark or black; dusky.
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A pathless desert, dusk with horrid shades. Milton.
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Dusk, n. 1. Imperfect obscurity; a middle degree between light and darkness; twilight; as, the dusk of the evening.
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2. A darkish color.
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Whose duck set off the whiteness of the skin. Dryden.
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Dusk, v. t. To make dusk. [Archaic]
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After the sun is up, that shadow which dusketh the light of the moon must needs be under the earth. Holland.
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Dusk, v. i. To grow dusk. [R.] Chaucer.
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Dusken (?), v. t. To make dusk or obscure. [R.]
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Not utterly defaced, but only duskened. Nicolls.
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Duskily (?), adv. In a dusky manner. Byron.
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Duskiness, n. The state of being dusky.
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Duskish, a. Somewhat dusky. “ Duskish smoke.” Spenser. -- Duskishly, adv. -- Duskishness, n.
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Duskness, n. Duskiness. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.
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Dusky (?), a. 1. Partially dark or obscure; not luminous; dusk; as, a dusky valley.
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Through dusky lane and wrangling mart. Keble.
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2. Tending to blackness in color; partially black; dark-colored; not bright; as, a dusky brown. Bacon.
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When Jove in dusky clouds involves the sky. Dryden.
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The figure of that first ancestor invested by family tradition with a dim and dusky grandeur. Hawthorne.
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3. Gloomy; sad; melancholy.
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This dusky scene of horror, this melancholy prospect. Bentley.
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4. Intellectually clouded.
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Though dusky wits dare scorn astrology. Sir P. Sidney.
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Dust (dŭst), n. [AS. dust; cf. LG. dust, D. duist meal dust, OD. doest, donst, and G. dunst vapor, OHG. tunist, dunist, a blowing, wind, Icel. dust dust, Dan. dyst mill dust; perh. akin to L. fumus smoke, E. fume. √71.] 1. Fine, dry particles of earth or other matter, so comminuted that they may be raised and wafted by the wind; that which is crumbled to minute portions; fine powder; as, clouds of dust; bone dust.
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Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. Gen. iii. 19.
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Stop! -- for thy tread is on an empire's dust. Byron.
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2. A single particle of earth or other matter. [R.] “To touch a dust of England's ground.” Shak.
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3. The earth, as the resting place of the dead.
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For now shall sleep in the dust. Job vii. 21.
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4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the remains of the human body.
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And you may carve a shrine about my dust. Tennyson.
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5. Figuratively, a worthless thing.
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And by the merit of vile gold, dross, dust. Shak.
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6. Figuratively, a low or mean condition.
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[God] raiseth up the poor out of the dust. 1 Sam. ii. 8.
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7. Gold dust; hence: (Slang) Coined money; cash.
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Coloq. Down with the dust , deposit the cash; pay down the money. [Slang] “My lord, quoth the king, presently deposit your hundred pounds in gold, or else no going hence all the days of your life. . . . The Abbot down with his dust, and glad he escaped so, returned to Reading.” Fuller. -- Coloq. Dust brand (Bot.), a fungous plant (Ustilago Carbo); -- called also smut. -- Coloq. Gold dust , fine particles of gold, such as are obtained in placer mining; -- often used as money, being transferred by weight. -- Coloq. In dust and ashes . See under . -- Coloq. To bite the dust . See under , v. t. -- Coloq. To raise dust , or Coloq. To kick up dust , to make a commotion. [Colloq.] -- Coloq. To throw dust in one's eyes , to mislead; to deceive. [Colloq.]
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Dust (dŭst), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dusting.] 1. To free from dust; to brush, wipe, or sweep away dust from; as, to dust a table or a floor.
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2. To sprinkle with dust.
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3. To reduce to a fine powder; to levigate. Sprat.
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Coloq. To dyst one's jacket , to give one a flogging. [Slang.]
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dustbin (dŭstbĭn), n. a bin that holds rubbish until it is collected.
Syn. -- ashcan, trash can, garbage can, wastebin, ashbin, trash barrel, trash bin.
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Dustbrush (dŭstbrŭsh), n. A brush of feathers, bristles, or hair, for removing dust from furniture.
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dustcart (dŭstkärt), n. a truck for collecting domestic refuse; as, in England a garbage truck is called a dustcart.
Syn. -- garbage truck.
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dustcloth (dŭstklŏth), n. A piece of cloth used for wiping dust from objects or surfaces.
Syn. -- dustrag, duster.
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duster (dŭstẽr), n. 1. One who, or that which, dusts; a utensil that frees from dust. Specifically: (a) (Paper Making) A revolving wire-cloth cylinder which removes the dust from rags, etc. (b) (Milling) A blowing machine for separating the flour from the bran. (c) A or a brush used for removing dust from objects or surfaces.
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2. A long light overgarment; specifically (a) a light over-garment, formerly worn when traveling in open vehicles to protect the clothing from dust. [U.S.] (b) A light housecoat worn by women. (c) A light overcoat worn by women, often having no lining.
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3. A device for spreading a powder, especially one for spreading insecticide on plants.
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4. (Baseball) A pitch intentionally thrown by a pitcher directly at or very close to the batter, intended to make the batter stand further away from home plate; also called a dust-back pitch or a dust-back.
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5. A .
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dustiness (dŭstĭnĕs), n. The state of being dusty.
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dustless (dŭstlĕs), a. Without dust; as a dustless path.
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dustman (dŭstmăn), n.; pl. dustmen (dŭstmĕn). One whose employment is to remove dirt and refuse; a garbage man. Gay.
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dustmop (dŭstmŏp), n. a dry mop for dusting floors.
Syn. -- dust mop, dry mop.
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dustpan (dŭstpăn), n. A shovel-like utensil with a short handle used for conveying away dust brushed from the floor.
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dust-point (dŭstpoint), n. An old rural game.
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With any boy at dust-point they shall play. Peacham (1620).
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dust storm (dŭststôrm), n. A strong windstorm that lifts particles of dust or dry soil into the air and blows them around, covering land or objects with a thick layer of dust. Dust storms may occur in arable areas during periods of drought; when a similar storm occurs in a desert area, such a storm is called a sandstorm.
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dustup n. an angry dispute.
Syn. -- quarrel, wrangle, row, words, run-in.
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dusty (dŭst�), a. [Compar. Dustier (dŭstĭẽr); superl. Dustiest (dŭstĭĕst).] [AS. dystig. See .] 1. Filled, covered, or sprinkled with dust; clouded with dust; as, a dusty table; a dusty attic; also, reducing to dust.
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And all our yesterdays have lighted fools
The way to dusty death. Shak.
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2. Like dust; of the color of dust; as, a dusty white.
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Coloq. Dusty miller (Bot.), a plant (Cineraria maritima); -- so called because of the ashy-white coating of its leaves.
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Dutch (?), a. [D. duitsch German; or G. deutsch, orig., popular, national, OD. dietsc, MHG. diutsch, tiutsch, OHG. diutisk, fr. diot, diota, a people, a nation; akin to AS. peód, OS. thiod, thioda, Goth. piuda; cf. Lith. tauta land, OIr. tuath people, Oscan touto. The English have applied the name especially to the Germanic people living nearest them, the Hollanders. Cf. , .] Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants.
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Coloq. Dutch auction . See under . -- Coloq. Dutch cheese , a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk. -- Coloq. Dutch clinker , a kind of brick made in Holland. It is yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape. -- Coloq. Dutch clover (Bot.), common white clover (Trifolium repens), the seed of which was largely imported into England from Holland. -- Coloq. Dutch concert , a so-called concert in which all the singers sing at the same time different songs. [Slang] -- Coloq. Dutch courage , the courage of partial intoxication. [Slang] Marryat. -- Coloq. Dutch door , a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open. -- Coloq. Dutch foil , Coloq. Dutch leaf , or Coloq. Dutch gold , a kind of brass rich in copper, rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in Holland to ornament toys and paper; -- called also Dutch mineral, Dutch metal, brass foil, and bronze leaf. -- Coloq. Dutch liquid (Chem.), a thin, colorless, volatile liquid, C2H4Cl2, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor, produced by the union of chlorine and ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called also Dutch oil. It is so called because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four Hollandish chemists. See , and . -- Coloq. Dutch oven , a tin screen for baking before an open fire or kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow iron kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals. -- Coloq. Dutch pink , chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and used in distemper, and for paper staining. etc. Weale. -- Coloq. Dutch rush (Bot.), a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum (Equisetum hyemale) having a rough, siliceous surface, and used for scouring and polishing; -- called also scouring rush, and shave grass. See . -- Coloq. Dutch tile , a glazed and painted ornamental tile, formerly much exported, and used in the jambs of chimneys and the like.
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☞ Dutch was formerly used for German.
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Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war [the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pilgrims, passing through that country, were mocked by the Dutch, and called fools for their pains. Fuller.
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Dutch, n. 1. pl. The people of Holland; Dutchmen.
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2. The language spoken in Holland.
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Dutchman (?), n.; pl. Dutchmen (�). A native, or one of the people, of Holland.
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Coloq. Dutchman's laudanum (Bot.), a West Indian passion flower (Passiflora Murucuja); also, its fruit. -- Coloq. Dutchman's pipe (Bot.), .
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Dutchman's breeches, Dutchman's-breeches n. (Bot.), a delicate perennial spring-flowering herb (Dicentra cucullaria) of eastern U.S., having peculiar double-spurred white flowers. See Illust. of
Syn. -- Dicentra cucullaria.
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Dutchman's-pipe n. a hardy deciduous American vine (Aristolochia durior) having large, heart-shaped leaves and bearing brownish-purple flowers which have their calyx tubes curved like the bowl of a tobacco pipe. Formerly classified as Aristolochia Sipho.
Syn. -- pipe vine, Aristolochia macrophylla, Aristolochia durior.
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Duteous (?), a. [From .] 1. Fulfilling duty; dutiful; having the sentiments due to a superior, or to one to whom respect or service is owed; obedient; as, a duteous son or daughter.
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2. Subservient; obsequious.
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Duteous to the vices of thy mistress. Shak.

-- Duteously, adv. -- Duteousness, n.
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Dutiable (?), a. [From .] Subject to the payment of a duty; as dutiable goods. [U.S.]
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All kinds of dutiable merchandise. Hawthorne.
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Dutied (?), a. Subjected to a duty. Ames.
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Dutiful (?), a. 1. Performing, or ready to perform, the duties required by one who has the right to claim submission, obedience, or deference; submissive to natural or legal superiors; obedient, as to parents or superiors; as, a dutiful son or daughter; a dutiful ward or servant; a dutiful subject.
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2. Controlled by, proceeding from, a sense of duty; respectful; deferential; as, dutiful affection.

Syn. -- Duteous; obedient; reverent; reverential; submissive; docile; respectful; compliant.

-- Dutifully, adv. -- Dutifulness, n.
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Duty (?), n.; pl. Duties (#). [From .] 1. That which is due; payment. [Obs. as signifying a material thing.]
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When thou receivest money for thy labor or ware, thou receivest thy duty. Tyndale.
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