Foul - Fourthly

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Coloq. Foul anchor . (Naut.) See under . -- Coloq. Foul ball (Baseball), a ball that first strikes the ground outside of the foul ball lines, or rolls outside of certain limits. -- Coloq. Foul ball lines (Baseball), lines from the home base, through the first and third bases, to the boundary of the field. -- Coloq. Foul berth (Naut.), a berth in which a ship is in danger of fouling another vesel. -- Coloq. Foul bill , or Coloq. Foul bill of health , a certificate, duly authenticated, that a ship has come from a place where a contagious disorder prevails, or that some of the crew are infected. -- Coloq. Foul copy , a rough draught, with erasures and corrections; -- opposed to fair or clean copy. “Some writers boast of negligence, and others would be ashamed to show their foul copies.” Cowper. -- Coloq. Foul proof , an uncorrected proof; a proof containing an excessive quantity of errors. -- Coloq. Foul strike (Baseball), a strike by the batsman when any part of his person is outside of the lines of his position. -- Coloq. To fall foul , to fall out; to quarrel. [Obs.] “If they be any ways offended, they fall foul.” Burton. -- Coloq. To fall foul of or Coloq. To run foul of . See under . -- Coloq. To make foul water , to sail in such shallow water that the ship's keel stirs the mud at the bottom.
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Foul (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Fouled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Fouling.] 1. To make filthy; to defile; to daub; to dirty; to soil; as, to foul the face or hands with mire.
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2. (Mil.) To incrust (the bore of a gun) with burnt powder in the process of firing.
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3. To cover (a ship's bottom) with anything that impered its sailing; as, a bottom fouled with barnacles.
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4. To entangle, so as to impede motion; as, to foul a rope or cable in paying it out; to come into collision with; as, one boat fouled the other in a race.
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Foul, v. i. 1. To become clogged with burnt powder in the process of firing, as a gun.
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2. To become entagled, as ropes; to come into collision with something; as, the two boats fouled.
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Foul, n. 1. An entanglement; a collision, as in a boat race.
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2. (Baseball) See Foul ball, under , a.
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3. In various games or sports, an act done contrary to the rules; a foul stroke, hit, play, or the like.
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Foulard (f. f�lȧr; E. f�lärd), n. [F.] 1. A thin, washable material of silk, or silk and cotton, usually with a printed pattern on it. It was originally imported from India, but now also made elsewhere.
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2. an article of clothing made of , such as a neckpiece.
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Foulder (?), v. i. [OE. fouldre lightning, fr. F. foudre, OF. also fouldre, fr. L. fulgur. See .] To flash, as lightning; to lighten; to gleam; to thunder. [Obs.] “Flames of fouldering heat.” Spenser.
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Foule (?), adv. Foully. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Foully (?), v. In a foul manner; filthily; nastily; shamefully; unfairly; dishonorably.
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I foully wronged him; do forgive me, do. Gay.
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Foul-mouthed (?), a. Using language scurrilous, opprobrious, obscene, or profane; abusive; as, noisy foul-mouthed women all shouting at once.
Syn. -- foul-spoken.
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So foul-mouthed a witness never appeared in any cause. Addison.
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Foulness, n. [AS. fūlnes.] The quality or condition of being foul.
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foul-smelling adj. emitting an unpleasasnt odor.
Syn. -- fetid, foul, funky, noisome, smelly, putrid, stinking.
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Foul-spoken (?), a. Using profane, scurrilous, slanderous, or obscene language; same as . Shak.
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foul-up n. an embarrassing mistake.
Syn. -- blunder, blooper, bungle, flub, botch, boner, boo-boo, misdoing.
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Foumart (?), n. [OE. folmard, fulmard; AS. fūl foul + mearð, meard, marten: cf. F. marte, martre. See , a., and the quadruped.] (Zoöl.) The European polecat; -- called also European ferret, and fitchew. See . [Written also foulmart, foulimart, and fulimart.]
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Found (?), imp. & p. p. of .
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Found, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Founded; p. pr. & vb. n. Founding.] [F. fondre, L. fundere to found, pour.] To form by melting a metal, and pouring it into a mold; to cast. “Whereof to found their engines.” Milton.
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Found, n. A thin, single-cut file for combmakers.
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Found, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Founded; p. pr. & vb. n. Founding.] [F. fonder, L. fundare, fr. fundus bottom. See 1st , and cf. , v. i., .] 1. To lay the basis of; to set, or place, as on something solid, for support; to ground; to establish upon a basis, literal or figurative; to fix firmly.
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I had else been perfect,
Whole as the marble, founded as the rock. Shak.
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A man that all his time
Hath founded his good fortunes on your love. Shak.
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It fell not, for it was founded on a rock. Matt. vii. 25.
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2. To take the ffirst steps or measures in erecting or building up; to furnish the materials for beginning; to begin to raise; to originate; as, to found a college; to found a family.
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There they shall found
Their government, and their great senate choose. Milton.

Syn. -- To base; ground; institute; establish; fix. See .
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Foundation (?), n. [F. fondation, L. fundatio. See to establish.] 1. The act of founding, fixing, establishing, or beginning to erect.
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2. That upon which anything is founded; that on which anything stands, and by which it is supported; the lowest and supporting layer of a superstructure; groundwork; basis.
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Behold, I lay in Zion, for a foundation, a stone . . . a precious corner stone, a sure foundation. Is. xxviii. 16.
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The foundation of a free common wealth. Motley.
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3. (Arch.) The lowest and supporting part or member of a wall, including the base course (see Base course (a), under , n.) and footing courses; in a frame house, the whole substructure of masonry.
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4. A donation or legacy appropriated to support a charitable institution, and constituting a permanent fund; endowment.
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He was entered on the foundation of Westminster. Macaulay.
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5. That which is founded, or established by endowment; an endowed institution or charity; as, the Ford Foundation.
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Against the canon laws of our foundation. Milton.
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Coloq. Foundation course . See Base course, under , n. -- Coloq. Foundation muslin , an open-worked gummed fabric used for stiffening dresses, bonnets, etc. -- Coloq. Foundation school , in England, an endowed school. -- Coloq. To be on a foundation , to be entitled to a support from the proceeds of an endowment, as a scholar or a fellow of a college.
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Foundationer (?), n. One who derives support from the funds or foundation of a college or school. [Eng.]
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Foundationless, a. Having no foundation.
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founded adj. based; -- often used as combining terms; as, well-founded suspicions.
Syn. -- based.
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Founder (?), n. [Cf. OF. fondeor, F. fondateur, L. fundator.] One who founds, establishes, and erects; one who lays a foundation; an author; one from whom anything originates; one who endows.
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Founder, n. [From to cast.] One who founds; one who casts metals in various forms; a caster; as, a founder of cannon, bells, hardware, or types.
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Coloq. Fonder's dust . Same as , 4. -- Coloq. Founder's sand , a kind of sand suitable for purposes of molding.
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Founder (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Foundered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Foundering.] [OF. fondrer to fall in, cf. F. s'effondrer, fr. fond bottom, L. fundus. See to establish.] 1. (Naut.) To become filled with water, and sink, as a ship.
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2. To fall; to stumble and go lame, as a horse.
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For which his horse fearé gan to turn,
And leep aside, and foundrede as he leep. Chaucer.
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3. To fail; to miscarry. “All his tricks founder.” Shak.
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Founder, v. t. To cause internal inflammation and soreness in the feet or limbs of (a horse), so as to disable or lame him.
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Founder, n. (Far.) (a) A lameness in the foot of a horse, occasioned by inflammation; closh. (b) An inflammatory fever of the body, or acute rheumatism; as, chest founder. See . James White.
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Founderous (?), a. Difficult to travel; likely to trip one up; as, a founderous road. [R.] Burke.
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Foundershaft (?), n. (Mining) The first shaft sunk. Raymond.
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Foundery (?), n.; pl. Founderies (#). [F. fonderie, fr. fondre. See to cast, and cf. .] Same as .
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Founding, n. The art of smelting and casting metals.
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Foundling (?), n. [OE. foundling, fundling; finden to find + -ling; cf. fündling, findling. See , v. t., and .] A deserted or exposed infant; a child found without a parent or owner.
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Coloq. Foundling hospital , a hospital for foundlings.
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Foundress (?), n. A female founder; a woman who founds or establishes, or who endows with a fund.
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Foundry (?), n.; pl. Foundries (#). [See .] 1. The act, process, or art of casting metals.
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2. The buildings and works for casting metals.
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Coloq. Foundry ladle , a vessel for holding molten metal and conveying it from cupola to the molds.
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Fount (?), n. [See .] (Print.) A font.
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Fount, n. [OF. font, funt, fr. L. fons, fontis, a fountain; of uncertain origin, perh. akin to fundere to pour, E. found to cast. Cf. .] A fountain.
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Fountain (fountĭn), n. [F. fontaine, LL. fontana, fr. L. fons, fontis. See 2d .] 1. A spring of water issuing from the earth.
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2. An artificially produced jet or stream of water; also, the structure or works in which such a jet or stream rises or flows; a basin built and constantly supplied with pure water for drinking and other useful purposes, or for ornament.
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3. A reservoir or chamber to contain a liquid which can be conducted or drawn off as needed for use; as, the ink fountain in a printing press, etc.
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4. The source from which anything proceeds, or from which anything is supplied continuously; origin; source.
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Judea, the fountain of the gospel. Fuller.
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Author of all being,
Fountain of light, thyself invisible. Milton.
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Coloq. Air fountain . See under . -- Coloq. Fountain heead , primary source; original; first principle. Young. -- Coloq. Fountain inkstand , an inkstand having a continual supply of ink, as from elevated reservoir. -- Coloq. Fountain lamp , a lamp fed with oil from an elevated reservoir. -- Coloq. Fountain pen , a pen with a reservoir in the handle which furnishes a supply of ink. -- Coloq. Fountain pump . (a) A structure for a fountain, having the form of a pump. (b) A portable garden pump which throws a jet, for watering plants, etc. -- Coloq. Fountain shell (Zoöl.), the large West Indian conch shell (Strombus gigas). -- Coloq. Fountain of youth , a mythical fountain whose waters were fabled to have the property of renewing youth.
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fountainhead n. 1. an abundant source.
Syn. -- well, wellspring.
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2. the source of water from which a stream arises.
Syn. -- headspring, head.
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Fountainless, a. Having no fountain; destitute of springs or sources of water.
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Barren desert, fountainless and dry. Milton.
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Fountful (?), a. Full of fountains. Pope.
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Fouquieria n. a genus of resinous succulent trees or shrubs of desert and semi-desert regions of the southwestern U. S. that are leafless most of the year.
Syn. -- genus Fouquieria.
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Fouquieriaceae prop. n. a small natural family of spiny shrubs or trees of the southwestern U. S.
Syn. -- family Fouquieriaceae.
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Four (fōr), a. [OE. four, fower, feower, AS. feówer; akin to OS. fiwar, D. & G. vier, OHG. fior, Icel. fjōrir, Sw. fyra, Dan. fire, Goth. fidwōr, Russ. chetuire, chetvero, W. pedwar, L. quatuor, Gr. tettares, tessares, pisyres, Skr. catur. √302. Cf. , , , four, , , of paper, .] One more than three; twice two.
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Four, n. 1. The sum of four units; four units or objects.
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2. A symbol representing four units, as 4 or iv.
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3. Four things of the same kind, esp. four horses; as, a chariot and four.
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Coloq. All fours . See , in the Vocabulary.

{ Fourb, Fourbe (?) }, n. [F.] A tricky fellow; a cheat. [Obs.] Evelyn. Denham.
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Fourché (f�rsh�), a. [F. See .] (Her.) Having the ends forked or branched, and the ends of the branches terminating abruptly as if cut off; -- said of an ordinary, especially of a cross.
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Fourchette (f�rshĕt), n. [F., dim. of fourche. See .] 1. A table fork.
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2. (Anat.) (a) A small fold of membrane, connecting the labia in the posterior part of the vulva. (b) The wishbone or furculum of birds. (c) The frog of the hoof of the horse and allied animals.
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3. (Surg.) An instrument used to raise and support the tongue during the cutting of the frænum.
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4. (Glove Making) The forked piece between two adjacent fingers, to which the front and back portions are sewed. Knight.
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5. (Card Playing) The combination of the card immediately above and the one immediately below a given card.
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Four-cornered (?), a. Having four corners or angles.
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Four-cycle, n. (Thermodynamics) A four-stroke cycle, as the Otto cycle, for an internal-combustion engine. -- Four-cycle, a.
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Fourdrinier (?), n. A machine used in making paper; -- so named from an early inventor of improvements in this class of machinery.
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Fourfold (?), a. & adv. [AS. feówerfeold.] Four times; quadruple; as, a fourfold division.
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He shall restore the lamb fourfold. 2 Sam. xii. 6.
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Fourfold, n. Four times as many or as much.
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Fourfold, v. t. To make four times as much or as many, as an assessment; to quadruple.
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Fourfooted (?), a. Having four feet; quadruped; as, fourfooted beasts.
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Fourgon (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) (a) An ammunition wagon. (b) A French baggage wagon.
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Fourhanded (?), a. 1. Having four hands; quadrumanous. Goldsmith.
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2. Requiring four “hands” or players; as, a fourhanded game at cards.
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four-hitter n. (Baseball) A game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team four hits; as, he pitched a four-hitter.
Syn. -- 4-hitter.
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four-in-hand n. 1. A long necktie that is tied in a slipknot with one end hanging in front of the other.
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2. a coach pulled by four horses with one driver.
Syn. -- coach, coach-and-four.
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Fourierism (?), n. The coöperative socialistic system of Charles Fourier, a Frenchman, who recommended the reorganization of society into small communities, living in common.

{ Fourierist, Fourierite (?) }, n. One who adopts the views of Fourier.
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Four-in-hand (?), a. Consisting of four horses controlled by one person; as, a four-in-hand team; drawn by four horses driven by one person; as, a four-in-hand coach. -- n. A team of four horses driven by one person; also, a vehicle drawn by such a team.
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As quaint a four-in-hand
As you shall see. Tennyson.
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four-lane adj. Having two lanes for traffic in each direction; -- of paved highways.
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Fourling, n. 1. One of four children born at the same time; a quadruplet.
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2. (Crystallog.) A compound or twin crystal consisting of four individuals.
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Fourneau (?), n. [F.] (Mil.) The chamber of a mine in which the powder is placed.
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Four-o'clock (?), n. 1. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Mirabilis. There are about half a dozen species, natives of the warmer parts of America. The common four-o'clock is M. Jalapa. Its flowers are white, yellow, and red, and open toward sunset, or earlier in cloudy weather; hence the name. It is also called marvel of Peru, and afternoon lady.
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2. (Zoöl.) The friar bird; -- so called from its cry, which resembles these words.
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four-party adj. involving four parties.
Syn. -- quadripartite.
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Fourpence (?), n. 1. A British silver coin, worth four pence; a groat.
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2. A name formerly given in New England to the Spanish half real, a silver coin worth six and a quarter cents.
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four-ply adj. having a thickness made up of four layers or strands; as, four-ply yarns.
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Four-poster (?), n. A large bedstead with tall posts at the corners to support a canopy or curtains. [Colloq.]
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four-pounder n. a cannon that throws a 4-pound shot.
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Fourrier (?; F. �), n. [F., fr. OF. forre. See , n.] A harbinger. [Obs.]
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Fourscore (fōrskōr), a. [Four + core, n.] Four times twenty; eighty.
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Fourscore, n. The product of four times twenty; eighty units or objects.
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four-sided adj. Having four sides.
Syn. -- quadrilateral.
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Foursome (fōrsŭm), a. [Four + 2d -some.] Consisting of four; requiring four participants. [Scot. or Golf]
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Foursome, n. 1. (Golf) A game between four players, with two on each side and each side playing but one ball, the partners striking alternately. It is called a mixed foursome when each side consists of a man and a woman.
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2. A group of four people or objects; as, we need another player to make a foursome for bridge.
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four-spot n. A playing card or domino or die whose upward face shows four pips.
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Foursquare (fōrskwâr), a. Having four sides and four equal angles. Sir W. Raleigh.
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Fourteen (?), a. [OE. fourtene, feowertene, AS. feówertȳne, feówertēne. See , and , and cf. .] Four and ten more; twice seven.
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Fourteen, n. 1. The sum of ten and four; forteen units or objects.
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2. A symbol representing fourteen, as 14 or xiv.
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Fourteenth (?), a. [Cf. OE. fourtende, fourtethe, AS. feówerteoða.] 1. Next in order after the thirteenth; as, the fourteenth day of the month.
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2. Making or constituting one of fourteen equal parts into which anything may be divided.
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Fourteenth, n. 1. One of fourteen equal parts into which one whole may be divided; the quotient of a unit divided by fourteen.
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2. (Mus.) The octave of the seventh.
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3. One next after the thirteenth in a series.
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Fourth (?), a. [OE. fourthe, ferthe, feorthe, AS. feórða, fr. feówer four.] 1. Next in order after the third; the ordinal of four.
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2. Forming one of four equal parts into which anything may be divided.
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Fourth, n. 1. One of four equal parts into which one whole may be divided; the quotient of a unit divided by four.
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2. (Mus.) The interval of two tones and a semitone, embracing four diatonic degrees of the scale; the subdominant of any key.
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3. One coming next in order after the third.
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Coloq. The Fourth , specifically, in the United States, the fourth day of July, the anniversary of the declaration of American independence; as, to celebrate the Fourth.
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Fourthly, adv. In the fourth place.
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fourth-year adj. of or pertaining to the fourth and final year in a U. S. high school or college.
Syn. -- senior(prenominal).
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Four-way (?), a. Allowing passage in either of four directions; as, a four-way cock, or valve. Francis.
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Coloq. Four-way cock , a cock connected with four pipes or ports, and having two or more passages in the plug, by which the adjacent pipes or ports may be made to communicate; formerly used as a valve in the steam engine, and now for various other purposes. In the illustration, a leads to the upper end of a steam engine cylinder, and b to the lower end; c is the steam pipe, and d the exhaust pipe.
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Four-way stop (?), n. An intersection of two roads having stop signs at all four entry points. The usual rule for such intersections requires that those entering the intersection yield the right of way to vehicles entering before them.
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