Fungus - furred

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2. Growing suddenly, but not substantial or durable.
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Fungus (?), n.; pl. L. Fungi (#), E. Funguses (#). [L., a mushroom; perh. akin to a doubtful Gr. � sponge, for �; if so, cf. E. sponge.] 1. (Bot.) Any one of the , a large and very complex group of thallophytes of low organization, -- the molds, mildews, rusts, smuts, mushrooms, toadstools, puff balls, and the allies of each. See .
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☞ The fungi are all destitute of chorophyll, and, therefore, to be supplied with elaborated nourishment, must live as saprophytes or parasites. They range in size from single microscopic cells to systems of entangled threads many feet in extent, which develop reproductive bodies as large as a man's head. The vegetative system consists of septate or rarely unseptate filaments called hyphæ; the aggregation of hyphæ into structures of more or less definite form is known as the mycelium. See , in the Supplement.
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2. (Med.) A spongy, morbid growth or granulation in animal bodies, as the proud flesh of wounds. Hoblyn.
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funguslike adj. resembling a fungus or fungi.
Syn. -- fungoid.
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Funic (?), a. (Anat.) Funicular.
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Funicle (?), n. [L. funiculus, dim. of funis cord, rope: cf. F. funicule funicle (in sense 2). Cf. .] (Bot.) 1. A small cord, ligature, or fiber.
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2. (Bot.) The little stalk that attaches a seed to the placenta.
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Funicular (?), a. [Cf. F. funiculaire.]
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1. Consisting of a small cord or fiber.
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2. Dependent on the tension of a cord.
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3. (Anat.) Pertaining to a funiculus; made up of, or resembling, a funiculus, or funiculi; as, a funicular ligament.
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Coloq. Funicular action (Mech.), the force or action exerted by a rope in drawing together the supports to which its ends are Fastened, when acted upon by forces applied in a direction transverse to the rope, as in the archer's bow. -- Coloq. Funicular curve . Same as . -- Coloq. Funicular machine (Mech.), an apparatus for illustrating certain principles in statics, consisting of a cord or chain attached at one end to a fixed point, and having the other passed over a pulley and sustaining a weight, while one or more other weights are suspended from the cord at points between the fixed support and the pulley. -- Coloq. Funicular polygon (Mech.), the polygonal figure assumed by a cord fastened at its extremities, and sustaining weights at different points.
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Funiculate (?), a. Forming a narrow ridge.
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Funiculus (?), n.; pl. Funiculi (#). [L., a little cord. See .] 1. (Anat.) A cord, baud, or bundle of fibers; esp., one of the small bundles of fibers, of which large nerves are made up; applied also to different bands of white matter in the brain and spinal cord.
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2. (Zoöl.) (a) A short cord which connects the embryo of some myriapods with the amnion. (b) In Bryozoa, an organ extending back from the stomach. See , and .
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Funiliform (?), a. [L. funis rope + -form.] (Bot.) Resembling a cord in toughness and flexibility, as the roots of some endogenous trees.
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Funis (?), n. [L., a rope. ] A cord; specifically, the umbilical cord or navel string.
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Funk (fŭṉk), n. [OE. funke a little fire; akin to Prov. E. funk touchwood, G. funke spark, and perh. to Goth. fōn fire.] 1. An offensive smell; a stench. [Low]
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2. One who funks; a shirk; a coward. [Colloq.]
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3. a state of fear.
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4. a mildly depressed state of mind; -- often used in the phrase blue funk.
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Funk (fŭṉk), n. an earthy, seemingly unsophisticated style of jazz music having elements of black American blues and gospel.
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Funk, v. t. 1. To envelop with an offensive smell or smoke. [Obs.] King.
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2. To funk at; to flinch at; to shrink from (a thing or person); as, to funk a task. [Colloq.]
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3. To frighten; to cause to flinch. [Colloq.]
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Funk, v. i. 1. To emit an offensive smell; to stink.
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2. To be frightened, and shrink back; to flinch; as, to funk at the edge of a precipice. [Colloq.] C. Kingsley.
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Coloq. To funk out , to back out in a cowardly fashion. [Colloq.]
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To funk right out o' political strife. Lowell (Biglow Papers).

{ Funk, Funking, } n. A shrinking back through fear. [Colloq.] “The horrid panic, or funk (as the men of Eton call it).” De Quincey.
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Funka n. A genus of robust East Asian clump-forming perennial herbs having racemose flowers: plantain lilies; sometimes placed in the family Hostaceae.
Syn. -- Hosta, genus Hosta, genus Funka.
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Funkaceae n. one of many families or subfamilies into which some classification systems subdivide the Liliaceae, but not widely accepted; it includes the genus Hosta.
Syn. -- Hostaceae, family Hostaceae, family Funkaceae.
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Funky (fŭṉk�), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, great fear, or funking; having great fear. [Colloq. Eng.]
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Funky (fŭṉk�), n. having an earthy, unsophisticated style or feeling; in (Music), earthy and seemingly unsophisticated, having elements of black American blues and gospel. See 2nd , n.
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Funnel (?), n. [OE. funel, fonel, prob. through OF. fr, L. fundibulum, infundibulum, funnel, fr. infundere to pour in; in in + fundere to pour; cf. Armor. founil funnel, W. ffynel air hole, chimney. See , v. t.] 1. A vessel of the shape of an inverted hollow cone, terminating below in a pipe, and used for conveying liquids or pourable solids into a vessel with a narrow opening; a tunnel.
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2. A passage or avenue for a fluid or flowing substance; specifically, a smoke flue or pipe; the iron chimney of a steamship or the like.
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Coloq. Funnel box (Mining), an apparatus for collecting finely crushed ore from water. Knight. -- Coloq. Funnel stay (Naut.), one of the ropes or rods steadying a steamer's funnel.
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Funnelform (?), a. (Bot.) Having the form of a funnel, or tunnel; that is, expanding gradually from the bottom upward, as the corolla of some flowers; infundibuliform.
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funnies (fŭnēz), n. pl. The section of a newspaper containing comic strips; called also funny papers and comics. Rarely encountered in the singular.
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funniness n. a comic incident or series of incidents.
Syn. -- drollery, clowning, comedy.
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Funny (?), a. [Compar. Funnier (?); superl. Funniest.] [From .] Droll; comical; amusing; laughable; inciting laughter.
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Coloq. Funny bone . See crazy bone, under .
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Funny, n.; pl. Funnies (�). A clinkerbuit, narrow boat for sculling. [Eng.]
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Fur (fûr), n. [OE. furre, OF. forre, fuerre, sheath, case, of German origin; cf. OHG. fuotar lining, case, G. futter; akin to Icel. fōðr lining, Goth. fōdr, scabbard; cf. Skr. pātra vessel, dish. The German and Icel. words also have the sense, fodder, but this was probably a different word originally. Cf. food, , v. t., , n.]
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1. The short, fine, soft hair of certain animals, growing thick on the skin, and distinguished from the hair, which is longer and coarser.
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2. The skins of certain wild animals with the fur; peltry; as, a cargo of furs.
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3. Strips of dressed skins with fur, used on garments for warmth or for ornament.
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4. pl. Articles of clothing made of fur; as, a set of furs for a lady (a collar, tippet, or cape, muff, etc.).
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Wrapped up in my furs. Lady M. W. Montagu.
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5. Any coating considered as resembling fur; as: (a) A coat of morbid matter collected on the tongue in persons affected with fever. (b) The soft, downy covering on the skin of a peach. (c) The deposit formed on the interior of boilers and other vessels by hard water.
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6. (Her.) One of several patterns or diapers used as tinctures. There are nine in all, or, according to some writers, only six. See Tincture.
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Fur (?), a. Of or pertaining to furs; bearing or made of fur; as, a fur cap; the fur trade.
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Coloq. Fur seal (Zoöl.) one of several species of seals of the genera Callorhinus and Arclocephalus, inhabiting the North Pacific and the Antarctic oceans. They have a coat of fine and soft fur which is highly prized. The northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) breeds in vast numbers on the Prybilov Islands, off the coast of Alaska; -- called also sea bear.
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Fur, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furring.] 1. To line, face, or cover with fur; as, furred robes. “You fur your gloves with reason.” Shak.
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2. To cover with morbid matter, as the tongue.
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3. (Arch.) To nail small strips of board or larger scantling upon, in order to make a level surface for lathing or boarding, or to provide for a space or interval back of the plastered or boarded surface, as inside an outer wall, by way of protection against damp. Gwill.
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Furacious (?), a. [L. furax, -racis thievish, from fur thief.] Given to theft; thievish. [Obs.]
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Furacity (?), n. [L. furacitas.] Addictedness to theft; thievishness. [Obs.]
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Furbelow (?), n. [Prov. F. farbala, equiv. to F. falbala, It. falbalà.] A plaited or gathered flounce on a woman's garment.
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Furbelow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furbelowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furbelowing.] To put a furbelow on; to ornament.
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Furbish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furbished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furbishing.] [OE. forbischen, OF. forbir, furbir, fourbir, F. fourbir, fr. OHG. furban to clean. See .] To rub or scour to brightness; to clean; to burnish; as, to furbish a sword or spear. Shak.
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Furbish new the name of John a Gaunt. Shak.
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Furbishable (?), a. Capable of being furbished.
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Furbisher (?), n. [Cf. F. fourbisseur.] One who furbishes; esp., a sword cutler, who finishes sword blades and similar weapons.

{ Furcate (?), Furcated (?), } a. [L. furca fork. See .] Forked; branching like a fork; as, furcate twigs.
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Furcation (?), n. A branching like a fork.
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Furciferous (?), a. [L. furcifer yoke bearer, scoundrel; furca fork, yoke, fork-shaped instrument of punishment + ferre to bear.] Rascally; scandalous. [R.] “Furciferous knaves.” De Quincey.
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Furcula (?), n. [L., a forked prop, dim. of furca a fork.] (Anat.) A forked process; the wishbone or furculum.
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Furcular (?), a. Shaped like a fork; furcate.
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Furculum (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. furca a fork.] (Anat.) The wishbone or merrythought of birds, formed by the united clavicles.
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Furdle (?), v. t. [See , and cf. .] To draw up into a bundle; to roll up. [Ods.]
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Furfur (?), n. [L.] Scurf; dandruff.
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Furfuraceous (?), a. [L. furfuraceus.] Made of bran; like bran; scurfy.
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Furfuran (?), n. [L. furfur bran.] (Chem.) A colorless, oily substance, C4H4O, obtained by distilling certain organic substances, as pine wood, salts of pyromucic acid, etc.; -- called also tetraphenol.
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Furfuration (?), n. [L. furfur bran, scurf.] Falling of scurf from the head; desquamation.
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Furfurine (?), n. (Chem.) A white, crystalline base, obtained indirectly from furfurol.
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Furfurol (?), n. [L. furfur bran + oleum oil.] (Chem.) A colorless oily liquid, C4H3O.CHO, of a pleasant odor, obtained by the distillation of bran, sugar, etc., and regarded as an aldehyde derivative of furfuran; -- called also furfural.
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Furfurous (?), a. Made of bran; furfuraceous. [R.] “Furfurous bread.” Sydney Smith.
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Furial (?), a. [L. furialis: cf. OF. furial.] Furious; raging; tormenting. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Furibundal (?), a. [L. furibundus, fr. furere to rage.] Full of rage. [Obs.] G. Harvey.
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Furies (?), n. pl. See , 3.
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Furile (?), n. [Furfurol + benzile.] (Chem.) A yellow, crystalline substance, (C4H3O)2.C2O2, obtained by the oxidation of furoin. [Written also furil.]
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Furilic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, furile; as, furilic acid.
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Furioso (?), a. & adv. [It.] (Mus.) With great force or vigor; vehemently.
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Furious (?), a. [L. furiosus, fr. furia rage, fury: cf. F. furieux. See .] 1. Transported with passion or fury; raging; violent; as, a furious animal.
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2. Rushing with impetuosity; moving with violence; as, a furious stream; a furious wind or storm.

Syn. -- Impetuous; vehement; boisterous; fierce; turbulent; tumultuous; angry; mad; frantic; frenzied.

-- Furiously, adv. -- Furiousness, n.
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furiousness n. The quality of being furious.
Syn. -- ferocity, fierceness, fury, vehemence, violence, wildness, strength.
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Furl (fûrl), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furled (fûrld); p. pr. & vb. n. Furling.] [Contr. fr. furdle, fr. fardel bundle: cf. F. ferler to furl, OF. fardeler to pack. See , , and cf. .] To draw up or gather into close compass; to wrap or roll, as a sail, close to the yard, stay, or mast, or, as a flag, close to or around its staff, securing it there by a gasket or line. Totten.
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furled (fûrld), adj. [p. p. of .] rolled up and secured; as, furled sails bound securely to the spar; a furled flag.
Syn. -- rolled.
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Furlong (?), n. [OE. furlong, furlang, AS. furlang, furlung, prop., the length of a furrow; furh furrow + lang long. See , and , a.] A measure of length; the eighth part of a mile; forty rods; two hundred and twenty yards.
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Furlough (?), n. [Prob. fr. D. verlof, fr. a prefix akin to E. for + the root of E. lief, and akin to Dan. forlov, Sw. förlof, G. verlaub permission. See , a.] (Mil.) Leave of absence; especially, leave given to an officer or soldier to be absent from service for a certain time; also, the document granting leave of absence.
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Furlough, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furloughed (�); p. pr. & vb. n. Furloughing.] (Mil.) To furnish with a furlough; to grant leave of absence to, as to an officer or soldier.

{ Furmonty (?), Furmity (?) } n. Same as .
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Furnace (?), n. [OE. fornais, forneis, OF. fornaise, F. fournaise, from L. fornax; akin to furnus oven, and prob. to E. forceps.] 1. An inclosed place in which heat is produced by the combustion of fuel, as for reducing ores or melting metals, for warming a house, for baking pottery, etc.; as, an iron furnace; a hot-air furnace; a glass furnace; a boiler furnace, etc.
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☞ Furnaces are classified as wind or air. furnaces when the fire is urged only by the natural draught; as blast furnaces, when the fire is urged by the injection artificially of a forcible current of air; and as reverberatory furnaces, when the flame, in passing to the chimney, is thrown down by a low arched roof upon the materials operated upon.
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2. A place or time of punishment, affiction, or great trial; severe experience or discipline. Deut. iv. 20.
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Coloq. Bustamente furnace , a shaft furnace for roasting quicksilver ores. -- Coloq. Furnace bridge , Same as Bridge wall. See , n., 5. -- Coloq. Furnace cadmiam or Coloq. Furnace cadmia , the oxide of zinc which accumulates in the chimneys of furnaces smelting zinciferous ores. Raymond. -- Coloq. Furnace hoist (Iron Manuf.), a lift for raising ore, coal, etc., to the mouth of a blast furnace.
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Furnace, n. 1. To throw out, or exhale, as from a furnace; also, to put into a furnace. [Obs. or R.]
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He furnaces
The thick sighs from him. Shak.
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Furnariidae n. A natural family including ovenbirds.
Syn. -- family Furnariidae.
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Furnarius n. The type genus of the Furnariidae, comprising the South American ovenbirds.
Syn. -- genus Furnarius.
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Furniment (?), n. [Cf. F. fourniment. See .] Furniture. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Furnish (fûrnĭsh), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Furnished (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Furnishing.] [OF. furnir, fornir, to furnish, finish, F. fournir; akin to Pr. formir, furmir, fromir, to accomplish, satisfy, fr. OHG. frumjan to further, execute, do, akin to E. frame. See , v. t., and .] 1. To supply with anything necessary, useful, or appropriate; to provide; to equip; to fit out, or fit up; to adorn; as, to furnish a family with provisions; to furnish one with arms for defense; to furnish a Cable; to furnish the mind with ideas; to furnish one with knowledge or principles; to furnish an expedition or enterprise, a room or a house.
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That the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished
unto all good works. 2 Tim. iii. 17,
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2. To offer for use; to provide (something); to give (something); to afford; as, to furnish food to the hungry: to furnish arms for defense.
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Ye are they . . . that furnish the drink offering unto that number. Is. lxv. 11.
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His writings and his life furnish abundant proofs that he was not a man of strong sense. Macaulay.
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Furnish, n. That which is furnished as a specimen; a sample; a supply. [Obs.] Greene.
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furnished adj. provided with necessary furnishings; -- used especially of rented apartments having furniture included in the rental price; as, a furnished apartment. Opposite of unfurnished. [Narrower terms: stocked, stocked with ; appointed; well-appointed, well-found ; fitted out, outfitted ]
Syn. -- equipped.
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Furnisher (?), n. One who supplies or fits out.
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furnishings n. 1. the furniture and appliances and other movable accessories (including curtains and rugs) that make a home (or other building) livable.
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2. accessory wearing apparel.
Syn. -- trappings.
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Furnishment (?), n. The act of furnishing, or of supplying furniture; also, furniture. [Obs.] Daniel.
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Furniture (?), n. [F. fourniture. See , v. t.] 1. That with which anything is furnished or supplied; supplies; outfit; equipment.
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The form and all the furniture of the earth. Tillotson.
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The thoughts which make the furniture of their minds. M. Arnold.
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2. Articles used for convenience or decoration in a house or apartment, as tables, chairs, bedsteads, sofas, carpets, curtains, pictures, vases, etc.
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3. The necessary appendages to anything, as to a machine, a carriage, a ship, etc. (a) (Naut.) The masts and rigging of a ship. (b) (Mil.) The mountings of a gun. (c) Builders' hardware such as locks, door and window trimmings. (d) (Print) Pieces of wood or metal of a lesser height than the type, placed around the pages or other matter in a form, and, with the quoins, serving to secure the form in its place in the chase.
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4. (Mus.) A mixed or compound stop in an organ; -- sometimes called mixture.
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Furoin (?), n. [See .] (Chem.) A colorless, crystalline substance, C10H8O4, from furfurol.
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furor n. an interest followed with exaggerated zeal; a fad.
Syn. -- fad, craze, furore, cult, rage.
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2. a sudden outburst (as of protest).
Syn. -- uproar, furore.
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furore (?), n. [It.] Excitement; commotion; enthusiasm. [Also spelled furor.]
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furred adj. covered with a dense coat of fine silky hairs.
Syn. -- furry.
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