Gallantry - Gallop

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Gallantry (?), n.; pl. Gallantries (#). [F. galanterie.] 1. Splendor of appearance; ostentatious finery. [Archaic]
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Guess the gallantry of our church by this . . . when the desk whereon the priest read was inlaid with plates of silver. Fuller.
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2. Bravery; intrepidity; as, the troops behaved with great gallantry.
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3. Civility or polite attention to ladies; in a bad sense, attention or courtesy designed to win criminal favors from a female; freedom of principle or practice with respect to female virtue; intrigue.
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4. Gallant persons, collectively. [R.]
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Helenus, Antenor, and all the gallantry of Troy. Shak.

Syn. -- See , and .
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Gallate (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. gallate. See gallnut.] (Chem.) A salt of gallic acid.
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Gallature (?; 135), n. [From L. gallus a cock.] (Zoöl.) The tread, treadle, or chalasa of an egg.
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Galleass (?; 135), n. [F. galéasse, galéace; cf. It. galeazza, Sp. galeaza; LL. galea a galley. See .] (Naut.) A large galley, having some features of the galleon, as broadside guns; esp., such a vessel used by the southern nations of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. See , and . [Written variously galeas, gallias, etc.]
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☞ “The galleasses . . . were a third larger than the ordinary galley, and rowed each by three hundred galley slaves. They consisted of an enormous towering structure at the stern, a castellated structure almost equally massive in front, with seats for the rowers amidships.” Motley.

{ Gallegan (găllēg�n), Gallego (găllēg� or gȧlyāg�), } n. [Sp. Gallego.] A native or inhabitant of Galicia, in Spain; a Galician.
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Galleïn (?), n. [Pyrogallol + phthaleïn.] (Chem.) A red crystalline dyestuff, obtained by heating together pyrogallic and phthalic acids.
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Galleon (?), n. [Sp. galeon, cf. F. galion; fr. LL. galeo, galio. See .] (Naut.) A sailing vessel of the 15th and following centuries, often having three or four decks, and used for war or commerce. The term is often rather indiscriminately applied to any large sailing vessel.
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The galleons . . . were huge, round-stemmed, clumsy vessels, with bulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up at stem and stern, like castles. Motley.
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Galleot (?), n. (Naut.) See .
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Gallery (?), n.; pl. Galleries (#). [F. galerie, It. galleria, fr. LL. galeria gallery, perh. orig., a festal hall, banquetting hall; cf. OF. galerie a rejoicing, fr. galer to rejoice. Cf. , a.] 1. A long and narrow corridor, or place for walking; a connecting passageway, as between one room and another; also, a long hole or passage excavated by a boring or burrowing animal.
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2. A room for the exhibition of works of art; as, a picture gallery; hence, also, a large or important collection of paintings, sculptures, etc.
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3. A long and narrow platform attached to one or more sides of public hall or the interior of a church, and supported by brackets or columns; -- sometimes intended to be occupied by musicians or spectators, sometimes designed merely to increase the capacity of the hall.
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4. (Naut.) A frame, like a balcony, projecting from the stern or quarter of a ship, and hence called stern gallery or quarter gallery, -- seldom found in vessels built since 1850.
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5. (Fort.) Any communication which is covered overhead as well as at the sides. When prepared for defense, it is a defensive gallery.
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6. (Mining) A working drift or level.
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Coloq. Whispering gallery . See under .
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Galletyle (?), n. [OE. gallytile. Cf. .] A little tile of glazed earthenware. [Obs.] “The substance of galletyle.“ Bacon.
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Galley (?), n.; pl. Galleys (#). [OE. gale, galeie (cf. OF. galie, galée, LL. galea, LGr. �; of unknown origin.] 1. (Naut.) A vessel propelled by oars, whether having masts and sails or not; as: (a) A large vessel for war and national purposes; -- common in the Middle Ages, and down to the 17th century. (b) A name given by analogy to the Greek, Roman, and other ancient vessels propelled by oars. (c) A light, open boat used on the Thames by customhouse officers, press gangs, and also for pleasure. (d) One of the small boats carried by a man-of-war.
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☞ The typical galley of the Mediterranean was from one hundred to two hundred feet long, often having twenty oars on each side. It had two or three masts rigged with lateen sails, carried guns at prow and stern, and a complement of one thousand to twelve hundred men, and was very efficient in mediaeval warfare. Galleons, galliots, galleasses, half galleys, and quarter galleys were all modifications of this type.
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2. The cookroom or kitchen and cooking apparatus of a vessel; -- sometimes on merchant vessels called the caboose.
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3. (Chem.) An oblong oven or muffle with a battery of retorts; a gallery furnace.
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4. [F. galée; the same word as E. galley a vessel.] (Print.) (a) An oblong tray of wood or brass, with upright sides, for holding type which has been set, or is to be made up, etc. (b) A proof sheet taken from type while on a galley; a galley proof.
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Coloq. Galley slave , a person condemned, often as a punishment for crime, to work at the oar on board a galley. “To toil like a galley slave.” Macaulay.-- Coloq. Galley slice (Print.), a sliding false bottom to a large galley. Knight.
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Galley-bird (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.) The European green woodpecker, called also the yaffle; also, the spotted woodpecker. [Prov. Eng.]
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Galley-worm (?), n. [Prob. so called because the numerous legs along the sides move rhythmically like the oars of a galley.] (Zoöl.) A chilognath myriapod of the genus Iulus, and allied genera, having numerous short legs along the sides; a milliped or “thousand legs.” See .
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Gallfly (?), n.; pl. Gallflies (�). (Zoöl.) An insect that deposits its eggs in plants, and occasions galls, esp. any small hymenopteran of the genus Cynips and allied genera. See Illust. of .
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Galliambic (?), a. [L. galliambus a song used by the priests of Cybele; Gallus (a name applied to these priests) + iambus] (Pros.) Consisting of two iambic dimeters catalectic, the last of which lacks the final syllable; -- said of a kind of verse.
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Gallian (?), a. [See .] Gallic; French. [Obs.] Shak.
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Galliard (?), a. [OE., fr. F. gaillard, perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. galach valiant, or AS. gagol, geagl, wanton, lascivious.] Gay; brisk; active. [Obs.]
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Galliard, n. A brisk, gay man. [Obs.]
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Selden is a galliard by himself. Cleveland.
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Galliard, n. [F. gaillarde, cf. Sp. gallarda. See , a.] A gay, lively dance. Cf. .
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Never a hall such a galliard did grace. Sir. W. Scott.
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Galliardise (?), n. [F. gaillardise. See , a.] Excessive gayety; merriment. [Obs.]
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The mirth and galliardise of company. Sir. T. Browne.
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Galliardness, n. Gayety. [Obs.] Gayton.
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Galliass (?), n. Same as .
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Gallic (?), a. [From .] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, gallium.
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Gallic (277), a. [From the excrescence.] Pertaining to, or derived from, galls, nutgalls, and the like.
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Coloq. Gallic acid (Chem.), an organic acid, very widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom, being found in the free state in galls, tea, etc., and produced artificially. It is a white, crystalline substance, C6H2(HO)3.CO2H, with an astringent taste, and is a strong reducing agent, as employed in photography. It is usually prepared from tannin, and both give a dark color with iron salts, forming tannate and gallate of iron, which are the essential ingredients of common black ink.
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Gallic (?), a. [L. Gallicus belonging to the Gauls, fr. Galli the Gauls, Gallia Gaul, now France: cf. F. gallique.] Pertaining to Gaul or France; Gallican.
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Gallican (?), a. [L. Gallicanus: cf. F. gallican.] Of or pertaining to Gaul or France; Gallic; French; as, the Gallican church or clergy.
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Gallican, n. An adherent to, and supporter of, Gallicanism. Shipley.
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Gallicanism (?), n. The principles, tendencies, or action of those, within the Roman Catholic Church in France, who (esp. in 1682) sought to restrict the papal authority in that country and increase the power of the national church. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
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Gallicism (?), n. [F. gallicisme.] A mode of speech peculiar to the French; a French idiom; also, in general, a French mode or custom.
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Gallicize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gallicized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gallicizing (?).] To conform to the French mode or idiom.
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Gallied (?), p. p. & a. (Naut.) Worried; flurried; frightened. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
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Galliform (?), a. (Zoöl.) Like the Gallinae (or Galliformes) in structure.
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Galligaskins (?), n. pl. [Prob. corrupted fr. It. Grechesco Grecian, a name which seems to have been given in Venice, and to have been afterwards confused with Gascony, as if they came from Gascony.] Loose hose or breeches; leather leg quards. The word is used loosely and often in a jocose sense.
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Gallimatia (? or ?), n. Senseless talk. [Obs. or R.] See .
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Gallimaufry (?), n.; pl. Gallimaufries (#). [F. galimafrée a sort of ragout or mixed hash of different meats.] 1. A hash of various kinds of meats, a ragout.
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Delighting in hodge-podge, gallimaufries, forced meat. King.
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2. Any absurd medley; a hotchpotch.
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The Mahometan religion, which, being a gallimaufry made up of many, partakes much of the Jewish. South.
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Gallin (?), n. (Chem.) A substance obtained by the reduction of galleïn.
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Gallinaceae (?), n. pl. [NL. See .] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Gallinacean (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Gallinae or gallinaceous birds.
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Gallinaceous (?), a.[L. gallinaceus, fr. gallina hen, fr. gallus cock.] (Zoöl.) Resembling the domestic fowls and pheasants; of or pertaining to the Gallinae.
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Gallinae (?), n.; pl. [NL., fr. L. gallina a hen, gallus a cock.] (Zoöl.) An order of birds, including the common domestic fowls, pheasants, grouse, quails, and allied forms; -- sometimes called Rasores.
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Gallinago n. A genus of birds consisting of certain of the snipes.
Syn. -- genus Gallinago, Capella, genus Capella.
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Galling (?), a. Fitted to gall or chafe; vexing; harassing; irritating. -- Gallingly, adv.
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Gallinipper (?), n. A large mosquito.
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Gallinule (?), n. [L. gallinula chicken, dim. of gallina hen: cf. F. gallinule.] (Zoöl.) One of several wading birds, having long, webless toes, and a frontal shield, belonging to the family Rallidae. They are remarkable for running rapidly over marshes and on floating plants. The purple gallinule of America is Ionornis Martinica, that of the Old World is Porphyrio porphyrio. The common European gallinule (Gallinula chloropus) is also called moor hen, water hen, water rail, moor coot, night bird, and erroneously dabchick. Closely related to it is the Florida gallinule (Gallinula galeata).
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☞ The purple gallinule of Southern Europe and Asia was formerly believed to be able to detect and report adultery, and for that reason, chiefly, it was commonly domesticated by the ancients.
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Galliot (?), n. See .
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Gallipoli oil (?). An inferior kind of olive oil, brought from Gallipoli, in Italy.
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Gallipot (?), n. [Prob. fr. OD. gleypot, the first part of which is possibly akin to E. glad. See , and .] A glazed earthen pot or vessel, used by druggists and apothecaries for containing medicines, etc.
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Gallium (?), n. [NL.; perh. fr. L. Gallia France.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element, found combined in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarkable for its low melting point (86° F., 30° C.). Symbol, Ga; at. wt., 69.9. Gallium is chiefly trivalent, resembling aluminium and indium. It was predicted with most of its properties, under the name eka-aluminium, by the Russian chemist Mendelyeev on the basis of the periodic law. This prediction was verified in its discovery (in 1875) by the French chemist Lecoq de Boisbaudran by its characteristic spectrum (two violet lines), in an examination of a zinc blende from the Pyrenees.
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Gallivant (?), v. i. [From .] To play the beau; to wait upon the ladies; also, to roam about for pleasure without any definite plan. [Slang] Dickens.
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Gallivat (?), n.[Prob. fr. Pg. galeota; cf. E. galiot, galley.] (Naut.) A small armed vessel, with sails and oars, -- used on the Malabar coast. A. Chalmers.
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Galliwasp (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.) A West Indian lizard (Celestus occiduus), about a foot long, imagined by the natives to be venomous.
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Gallize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gallized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gallizing (?).] [After Dr. L. Gall, a French chemist, who invented the process.] In wine making, to add water and sugar to (unfermented grape juice) so as to increase the quantity of wine produced. -- Gallization (#), n.
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Gallnut (?), n. (Zoöl.) A round gall produced on the leaves and shoots of various species of the oak tree. See , and .
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gall-of-the-earth n. A common perennial herb (Nabalus serpentarius) widely distributed in southern and eastern U. S., having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in the genus Prenanthes.
Syn. -- lion's foot, gall of the earth, Nabalus serpentarius, Prenanthes serpentaria.
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Gallomania (?), n. [L. Galli Gauls + mania madness.] An excessive admiration of what is French. -- Gallomaniac (#), n.
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Gallon (?), n. [OF galon, jalon, LL. galo, galona, fr. galum a liquid measure; cf. F. jale large bowl. Cf. a measure.] A measure of capacity, containing four quarts; -- used, for the most part, in liquid measure, but sometimes in dry measure.
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☞ The standart gallon of the Unites States contains 231 cubic inches, or 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at its maximum density, and with the barometer at 30 inches. This is almost exactly equivalent to a cylinder of seven inches in diameter and six inches in height, and is the same as the old English wine gallon. The beer gallon, now little used in the United States, contains 282 cubic inches. The English imperial gallon contains 10 pounds avoirdupois of distilled water at 62� of Fahrenheit, and barometer at 30 inches, equal to 277.274 cubic inches.
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Galloon (?), n. [From F. or Sp. galon. See . ] 1. A narrow tapelike fabric used for binding hats, shoes, etc., -- sometimes made ornamental.
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2. A similar bordering or binding of rich material, such as gold lace.
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Silver and gold galloons, with the like glittering gewgaws. Addison.
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Gallooned (?), a. Furnished or adorned with galloon.
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Gallop (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Galloped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Galloping.] [OE. galopen, F. galoper, of German origin; cf. assumed Goth. ga-hlaupan to run, OHG. giloufen, AS. gehleápan to leap, dance, fr. root of E. leap, and a prefix; or cf. OFlem. walop a gallop. See , and cf. 1st .] 1. To move or run in the mode called a gallop; as a horse; to go at a gallop; to run or move with speed.
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But gallop lively down the western hill. Donne.
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