Gastrulation - Gauge

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Gas (găs), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gassed (găst); p. pr. & vb. n. Gassing.] 1. (Textiles) To singe, as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers; as, to gas thread.
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2. To impregnate with gas; as, to gas lime with chlorine in the manufacture of bleaching powder.
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3. to expose to a poisonous or noxious gas “The protest threatened to become violent, and the police gassed the demonstrators to force them to disperse.”
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Gasalier (?), n. [Formed from gas, in imitation of chandelier.] A chandelier arranged to burn gas.
Syn. -- gaselier.
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gasbag n. 1. a person who talks a great deal about uninteresting topics.
Syn. -- windbag.
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2. the bag containing the gas in a balloon.
Syn. -- envelope.
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Gas-burner (?), n. The jet piece of a gas fixture where the gas is burned as it escapes from one or more minute orifices.
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Gascogne prop. n. A region of southwestern France; Gascony.
Syn. -- Gascony.
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Gascoines (?), n. pl. See , 1. Lyly.
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Gascon (?; F. ?), a. [F.] Of or pertaining to Gascony, in France, or to the Gascons; also, braggart; swaggering. -- n. A native of Gascony; a boaster; a bully. See .
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Gasconade (?), n. [F. gasconnade, from Gascon an inhabitant of Gascony, the people of which were noted for boasting.] A boast or boasting; a vaunt; a bravado; a bragging; braggodocio. Swift.
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Gasconade, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gasconaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Gasconading.] To boast; to brag; to bluster.
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Gasconader (?), n. A great boaster; a blusterer.
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Gascoynes (?), n. pl. Gaskins. Beau. & Fl.
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Gaseity (? or ?), n. State of being gaseous. [R] Eng. Cyc.
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Gaselier (?), n. [Formed from gas, in imitation of chandelier.] A chandelier arranged to burn gas.
Syn. -- gasalier.
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Gas engine. (Mach.) A kind of internal-combustion engine (which see) using fixed gas; also, broadly, any internal-combustion engine.
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Gaseous (? or ?; 277), a. [From . Cf. F. gazeux.] 1. In the form, or of the nature, of gas, or of an aëriform fluid.
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2. Lacking substance or solidity; tenuous. “Unconnected, gaseous information.” Sir J. Stephen.
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Gash (găsh), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gashed (găsht); p. pr. & vb. n. Gashing.] [For older garth or garse, OF. garser to scarify, F. gercer to chap, perh. from an assumed LL. carptiare, fr. L. carpere, carptum, to pluck, separate into parts; cf. LL. carptare to wound. Cf. .] To make a gash, or long, deep incision in; -- applied chiefly to incisions in flesh.
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Grievously gashed or gored to death. Hayward.
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Gash, n. A deep and long cut; an incision of considerable length and depth, particularly in flesh.
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Gasherbrum prop. n. A mountain in Kashmir, 26,470 feet high. [proper name]
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Gashful (?), a. Full of gashes; hideous; frightful. [Obs.] “A gashful, horrid, ugly shape.” Gayton.
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Gasification (?), n. [See .] The act or process of converting into gas.
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Gasiform, a. Having a form of gas; gaseous.
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Gasify (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gasified (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gasifying.] [Gas + -fy.] To convert into a gas, as by the application of heat, or by chemical processes.
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Gasify (?), v. i. To become gas; to pass from a liquid to a gaseous state. Scientific American.
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Gasket (?), n. [Cf. F. garcette, It. gaschetta, Sp. cajeta caburn, garceta reef point.] 1. (Naut.) A line or band used to lash a furled sail securely. Sea gaskets are common lines; harbor gaskets are plaited and decorated lines or bands. Called also casket.
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2. (Mech.) (a) The plaited hemp used for packing a piston, as of the steam engine and its pumps. (b) Any ring or washer of made of a compressible material, used to make joints impermeable to fluids.
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Gaskins (?), n. pl. [Cf. .] 1. Loose hose or breeches; galligaskins. [Obs.] Shak.
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2. Packing of hemp. Simmonds.
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3. A horse's thighs. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.
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gasmask n. a mask with a filter which protects the face and lungs against poisonous gases. It is used in warfare, and also by police to allow them to effectively use tear gas or other disabling gas to disperse a crowd or force fugitives to leave a building.
Syn. -- respirator, gas helmet.
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Gaslight (?), n. 1. The light yielded by the combustion of illuminating gas.
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2. A gas jet or burner.
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Gasogen (?), n. [Gas + -gen.] 1. An apparatus for the generation of gases, or for impregnating a liquid with a gas, or a gas with a volatile liquid.
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2. A volatile hydrocarbon, used as an illuminant, or for charging illuminating gas.
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Gasolene (?), n. See .
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Gasolier (?), n. Same as .
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Gasoline, Gasolene (? or ?; 104), n. A highly volatile mixture of fluid hydrocarbons, obtained mostly from petroleum, as also by the distillation of bituminous coal. It is used as a fuel for most automobiles and for many other vehicles with internal combustion engines. The gasoline of commerce is typically blended with additives to improve its performance in internal combustion engines. Gasoline was also used in the early 1900's in making air gas, and in giving illuminating power to water gas. See .
Syn. -- petrol[Brit]. [ Webster +PJC]

{ Gasoline engine, or Gasolene engine }. (Mach.) A kind of internal-combustion engine; -- in British countries called usually petrol engine.
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Gasometer (? or ?), n. [Gas + -meter. Cf. F. gazomètre.] An apparatus for holding and measuring of gas; in gas works, a huge iron cylinder closed at one end and having the other end immersed in water, in which it is made to rise or fall, according to the volume of gas it contains, or the pressure required.

{ Gasometric (? or ?), Gasometrical (?), } a. Of or pertaining to the measurement of gases; as, gasometric analysis.
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Gasometry (? or ?), n. The art or practice of measuring gases; also, the science which treats of the nature and properties of these elastic fluids. Coxe.
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Gasoscope (?), n. [Gas + -scope.] An apparatus for detecting the presence of any dangerous gas, from a gas leak in a coal mine or a dwelling house.
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Gasp (gȧsp), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Gasped (gȧspt); p. pr. & vb. n. Gasping.] [OE. gaspen, gaispen, to yawn, gasp, Icel. geispa to yawn; akin to Sw. gäspa, Dan. gispe to gasp.] 1. To open the mouth wide in catching the breath, or in laborious respiration; to labor for breath; to respire convulsively; to pant violently.
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She gasps and struggles hard for life. Lloyd.
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2. To pant with eagerness; to show vehement desire.
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Quenching the gasping furrows' thirst with rain. Spenser.
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Gasp, v. t. To emit or utter with gasps; -- with forth, out, away, etc.
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And with short sobs he gasps away his breath. Dryden.
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Gasp, n. The act of opening the mouth convulsively to catch the breath; a labored respiration; a painful catching of the breath.
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Coloq. At the last gasp , at the point of death. Addison.
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Gaspereau (?), n. (Zoöl.) The alewife. [Local, Canada]
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Gasserian (?), a. Relating to Casserio (L. Gasserius), the discover of the Gasserian ganglion.
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Coloq. Gasserian ganglion (Anat.), a large ganglion, at the root of the trigeminal, or fifth cranial, nerve.
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Gassing (?), n. 1. (Manuf.) The process of passing cotton goods between two rollers and exposing them to numerous minute jets of gas to burn off the small fibers; any similar process of singeing.
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2. Boasting; insincere or empty talk. [Slang]
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Gassy (?), a. 1. Full of gas; like gas. Hence: [Colloq.] Inflated; full of boastful or insincere talk.
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2. passing intestinal gas excessively; flatulent.
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Gast (gȧst), v. t. [OE. gasten, gǣsten to frighten, akin to Goth. usgaisjan. See , , and cf. .] To make aghast; to frighten; to terrify. See . [Obs.] Chaucer. Shak.
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Gaster (?), v. t. To gast. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
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Gasteromycetes (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. � stomach + � a mushroom.] (Bot.) An order of fungi, in which the spores are borne inside a sac called the peridium, as in the puffballs.
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Gasterophilus n. The type genus of the Gasterophilidae, comprising the horse botflies.
Syn. -- genus Gasterophilus.
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Gasteropod (?), n. (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Gasteropoda (?), n. pl. (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Gasteropodous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Same as .

Gastful, Gastly (�), a. [Obs.] See , .
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Gastight (?), a. So tightly fitted as to preclude the escape of gas; impervious to gas.
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Gastness (?), n. See . [Obs.]
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Gastornis (?), n. [NL., from Gaston M. Plante, the discover + Gr. � bird.] (Paleon.) A genus of large eocene birds from the Paris basin.
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Gastræa (?), n. [NL., from Gr. �, �, the stomach.] (Biol.) A primeval larval form; a double-walled sac from which, according to the hypothesis of Haeckel, man and all other animals, that in the first stages of their individual evolution pass through a two-layered structural stage, or gastrula form, must have descended. This idea constitutes the Gastræa theory of Haeckel. See .
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Gastralgia (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �, �, stomach + � pain.] (Med.) Pain in the stomach or epigastrium, as in gastric disorders.
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Gastric (?), a. [Gr. �, �, stomach: cf. F. gastrique.] Of, pertaining to, or situated near, the stomach; as, the gastric artery.
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Coloq. Gastric digestion (Physiol.), the conversion of the albuminous portion of food in the stomach into soluble and diffusible products by the solvent action of gastric juice. -- Coloq. Gastric fever (Med.), a fever attended with prominent gastric symptoms; -- a name applied to certain forms of typhoid fever; also, to catarrhal inflammation of the stomach attended with fever. -- Coloq. Gastric juice (Physiol.), a thin, watery fluid, with an acid reaction, secreted by a peculiar set of glands contained in the mucous membrane of the stomach. It consists mainly of dilute hydrochloric acid and the ferment pepsin. It is the most important digestive fluid in the body, but acts only on proteid foods. -- Coloq. Gastric remittent fever (Med.), a form of remittent fever with pronounced stomach symptoms.
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Gastriloquist (?), n. [Gr. gasthr, gastros, stomach + L. loqui to speak.] One who appears to speak from his stomach; a ventriloquist.
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Gastriloquous (?), a. Ventriloquous. [R.]
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Gastriloquy (?), n. A voice or utterance which appears to proceed from the stomach; ventriloquy.
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Gastritis (?), n. [NL., from. Gr. �, �, stomach + -itis.] (Med.) Inflammation of the stomach, esp. of its mucuos membrane.
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Gastro- (?). A combining form from the Gr. �, �, the stomach, or belly; as in gastrocolic, gastrocele, gastrotomy.
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Gastrocnemius (?), n. [NL., from Gr. � the calf of the leg.] (Anat.) The muscle which makes the greater part of the calf of the leg.
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Gastrocolic (?), a. [Gastro- + colic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to both the stomach and the colon; as, the gastrocolic, or great, omentum.
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Gastrodisc (?), n. [Gastro- + disc.] (Biol.) That part of blastoderm where the hypoblast appears like a small disk on the inner face of the epibladst.
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Gastroduodenal (?), a. [Gastro- + -duodenal.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and duodenum; as, the gastroduodenal artery.
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Gastroduodenitis (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Med.) Inflammation of the stomach and duodenum. It is one of the most frequent causes of jaundice.
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Gastroelytrotomy (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr � sheath + � a cutting] (Surg.) The operation of cutting into the upper part of the vagina, through the abdomen (without opening the peritoneum), for the purpose of removing a fetus. It is a substitute for the Cæsarean operation, and less dangerous.
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Gastroenteric (?), a. [Gastro- + -enteric.] (Anat. & Med.) Gastrointestinal.
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Gastroenteritis (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Med.) Inflammation of the lining membrane of the stomach and the intestines.
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Gastroepiploic (?), a. [Gastro- + -epiploic.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the stomach and omentum.
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Gastrohepatic (?), a. [Gastro- + -hepatic.] (Med.) Pertaining to the stomach and liver; hepatogastric; as, the gastrohepatic, or lesser, omentum.
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Gastrohysterotomy (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. � womb + � to cut.] (Surg.) Cæsarean section. See under .
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Gastrointestinal (?), a. [Gastro- + -intestinal.] (Anat. & Med.) Of or pertaining to the stomach and intestines; gastroenteric.
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Gastrolith (?), n. [Gastro- + -lith.] (Zoöl.) See Crab's eyes, under .
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Gastrology (?), n. [Gr �; �, �, stomach + � discourse: cf. F. gastrologie.] The science which treats of the structure and functions of the stomach; a treatise of the stomach.
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Gastromalacia (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �, �, stomach + � softness, fr. � soft.] (Med.) A softening of the coats of the stomach; -- usually a post-morten change.
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Gastromancy (?), n. [Gastro- + -mancy: cf. F. gastromancy.] (Antiq.) (a) A kind of divination, by means of words seemingly uttered from the stomach. (b) A species of divination, by means of glasses or other round, transparent vessels, in the center of which figures are supposed to appear by magic art.
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Gastromyces (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �, �, stomach + �, �, a fungus.] (Biol.) The fungoid growths sometimes found in the stomach; such as Torula, etc.
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Gastromyth (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. � to say, speak.] One whose voice appears to proceed from the stomach; a ventriloquist. [Obs.]

{ Gastronome (?), Gastronomer (?), } n. [F. gastronome, fr. Gr. �, �, stomach + � law, � to distribute.] One fond of good living; an epicure. Sir W. Scott.

Gastronomic (?), Gastronomical (�), a. [Cf. F. gastronomique.] Pertaining to gastromony.
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Gastronomist (?), n. A gastromomer.
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Gastronomy (?), n. [Gr. �: cf. F. gastronomie.] The art or science of good eating; epicurism; the art of good cheer.
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Gastrophrenic (?), a. [Gastro- + -phrenic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and diaphragm; as, the gastrophrenic ligament.
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Gastropneumatic (?), a. [Gastro- + pneumatic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the alimentary canal and air passages, and to the cavities connected with them; as, the gastropneumatic mucuos membranes.
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Gastropod (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Gastropoda. [Written also gasteropod.]
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Gastropoda (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. �, �, stomach + -poda.] (Zoöl.) One of the classes of Mollusca, of great extent. It includes most of the marine spiral shells, and the land and fresh-water snails. They generally creep by means of a flat, muscular disk, or foot, on the ventral side of the body. The head usually bears one or two pairs of tentacles. See . [Written also Gasteropoda.]
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☞ The Gastropoda are divided into three subclasses; viz.: (a) The Streptoneura or Dioecia, including the Pectinibranchiata, Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa, and Heteropoda. (b) The Euthyneura, including the Pulmonata and Opisthobranchia. (c) The Amphineura, including the Polyplacophora and Aplacophora.
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Gastropodous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Gastropoda.
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Gastroraphy (?), n. [Gr.�; �, �, stomach + � a sewing, fr. � to sew: cf. F. gastrorrhaphie.] (Surg.) The operation of sewing up wounds of the abdomen. Quincy.
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Gastroscope (?), n. [Gastro- + -scope.] (Med.) An instrument for viewing or examining the interior of the stomach.
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Gastroscopic (?), a. Of or pertaining to gastroscopy.
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Gastroscopy (?), n. (Med.) Examination of the abdomen or stomach, as with the gastroscope.
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Gastrosplenic (?), n. [Gastro- + splenic.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the stomach and spleen; as, the gastrosplenic ligament.
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Gastrostege (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. � roof.] (Zoöl.) One of the large scales on the belly of a serpent.
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Gastrostomy (?), n. [Gastro- + Gr. � mouth.] (Surg.) The operation of making a permanent opening into the stomach, for the introduction of food.
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Gastrotomy (?), n. [Gastro + Gr. � to cut: cf. F. gastrotomie.] (Surg.) A cutting into, or opening of, the abdomen or the stomach.
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Gastrotricha (?), n. pl., [NL., fr. Gr. � belly + �, �, hair.] (Zoöl.) A group of small wormlike animals, having cilia on the ventral side. The group is regarded as an ancestral or synthetic one, related to rotifers and annelids.
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Gastrotrocha (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �, �, stomach + � a wheel.] (Zoöl.) A form of annelid larva having cilia on the ventral side.
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Gastrovascular (?), a. [Gastro- + -vascular.] (Zoöl.) Having the structure, or performing the functions, both of digestive and circulatory organs; as, the gastrovascular cavity of cœlenterates.
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Gastrula (?), n.; pl. Gastrulæ (#) [NL., dim. fr. Gr. � the stomach.] (Biol.) An embryonic form having its origin in the invagination or pushing in of the wall of the planula or blastula (the blastosphere) on one side, thus giving rise to a double-walled sac, with one opening or mouth (the blastopore) which leads into the cavity (the archenteron) lined by the inner wall (the hypoblast). See Illust. under . In a more general sense, an ideal stage in embryonic development. See . -- a. Of or pertaining to a gastrula.
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