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3. An incising tool which cuts forms or blanks for gloves, envelopes, etc. from leather, paper, etc. Knight.
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4. (Mining) Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein. Raymond.
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5. The act of scooping out with a gouge, or as with a gouge; a groove or cavity scooped out, as with a gouge.
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6. Imposition; cheat; fraud; also, an impostor; a cheat; a trickish person. [Slang, U. S.]
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Coloq. Gouge bit , a boring bit, shaped like a gouge.
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Bouge (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Gouged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Gouging (?).] 1. To scoop out with a gouge.
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2. To scoop out, as an eye, with the thumb nail; to force out the eye of (a person) with the thumb. [K S.]
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☞ A barbarity mentioned by some travelers as formerly practiced in the brutal frays of desperadoes in some parts of the United States.
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3. To cheat in a bargain; to chouse. [Slang, U. S.]
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Gouger (?), n. (Zoöl.) See .
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Gougeshell (?), n. (Zoöl.) A sharp-edged, tubular, marine shell, of the genus Vermetus; also, the pinna. See .
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Goujere (?), n. [F. gouge prostitute, a camp trull. Cf. .] The venereal disease. [Obs.]
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Gouland (?), n. See .
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Goulards extract (?). [Named after the introducer, Thomas Goulard, a French surgeon.] (Med.) An aqueous solution of the subacetate of lead, used as a lotion in cases of inflammation. Goulard's cerate is a cerate containing this extract.
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Gour (?), n. [See .] 1. A fire worshiper; a Gheber or Gueber. Tylor.
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2. (Zoöl.) See .
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Goura (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of several species of large, crested ground pigeons of the genus Goura, inhabiting New Guinea and adjacent islands. The Queen Victoria pigeon (Goura Victoria) and the crowned pigeon (G. coronata) are among the best known species.
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Gourami (?), n. (Zoöl.) A very largo East Indian freshwater fish (Osphromenus gorami), extensively reared in artificial ponds in tropical countries, and highly valued as a food fish. Many unsuccessful efforts have been made to introduce it into Southern Europe. [Written also goramy.]
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Gourd (?), n. [F. gourde, OF. cougourde, gouhourde, fr. L. cucurbita gourd (cf. NPr. cougourdo); perh. akin to corbin basket, E. corb. Cf. .] 1. (Bot.) A fleshy, three-celled, many-seeded fruit, as the melon, pumpkin, cucumber, etc., of the order Cucurbitaceæ; and especially the bottle gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris) which occurs in a great variety of forms, and, when the interior part is removed, serves for bottles, dippers, cups, and other dishes.
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2. A dipper or other vessel made from the shell of a gourd; hence, a drinking vessel; a bottle. Chaucer.
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Coloq. Bitter gourd , colocynth.
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Gourd, n. A false die. See .

{ Gourd, Gourde } n. [Sp. gordo large.] A silver dollar; -- so called in Cuba, Haiti, etc. Simmonds.
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Gourdiness (?), n. [From .] (Far.) The state of being gourdy.
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Gourd tree (?). (Bot.) A tree (the Crescentia Cujete, or calabash tree) of the West Indies and Central America.
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Gourdworm (?), n. (Zoöl.) The fluke of sheep. See .
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Gourdy (?), a. [Either fr. , or fr. F. gourd benumbed.] (Far.) Swelled in the legs.
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Gourmand (?), n. [F.] A greedy or ravenous eater; a glutton. See .
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That great gourmand, fat Apicius. B. Jonson.
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gourmandize v. Same as .
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Gourmet (g�rm�), n. [F.] A connoisseur in eating and drinking; an epicure.
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Gournet (gûrnĕt), n. (Zoöl.) A fish. See .
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Gout (gout), n. [F. goutte a drop, the gout, the disease being considered as a defluxion, fr. L. gutta drop.]
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1. A drop; a clot or coagulation.
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On thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood. Shak.
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2. (Med.) A constitutional disease, occurring by paroxysms. It consists in an inflammation of the fibrous and ligamentous parts of the joints, and almost always attacks first the great toe, next the smaller joints, after which it may attack the greater articulations. It is attended with various sympathetic phenomena, particularly in the digestive organs. It may also attack internal organs, as the stomach, the intestines, etc. It is an inherited disease of purine metaboism, which causes an increased level of uric acid in the blood, and leads to deposition of crystals of sodium urate in cartilage within joints and in connective tissue. It can be alleviated by a diet low in purines, and is treated by drugs which block formation of uric acid. Dunglison.
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3. A disease of cornstalks. See Corn fly, under .
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Coloq. Gout stones . See , n., 2.
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Goût (g�), n. [F., fr. L. gustus taste. See .] Taste; relish.
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Goutily (?), adv. In a gouty manner.
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Goutiness, n. The state of being gouty; gout.

{ Goutweed (�), Goutwort (?) } n. [So called from having been formerly used in assuaging the pain of the gout.] (Bot.) A coarse umbelliferous plant of Europe (Ægopodium Podagraria); -- called also bishop's weed, ashweed, and herb gerard.
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Gouty (?), a. 1. Diseased with, or subject to, the gout; as, a gouty person; a gouty joint.
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2. Pertaining to the gout. “Gouty matter.” Blackmore.
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3. Swollen, as if from gout. Derham.
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4. Boggy; as, gouty land. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Coloq. Gouty bronchitis , bronchitis arising as a secondary disease during the progress of gout. -- Coloq. Gouty concretions , calculi (urate of sodium) formed in the joints, kidneys, etc., of sufferers from gout. -- Coloq. Gouty kidney , an affection occurring during the progress of gout, the kidney shriveling and containing concretions of urate of sodium.
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Gove (gōv), n. [Also goaf, goof, goff.] A mow; a rick for hay. [Obs.] Tusser.
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Govern (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Governed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Governing.] [OF. governer, F. gouverner, fr. L. gubernare to steer, pilot, govern, Gr. kyberna^n. Cf. .] 1. To direct and control, as the actions or conduct of men, either by established laws or by arbitrary will; to regulate by authority. “Fit to govern and rule multitudes.” Shak.
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2. To regulate; to influence; to direct; to restrain; to manage; as, to govern the life; to govern a horse.
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Govern well thy appetite. Milton.
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3. (Gram.) To require to be in a particular case; as, a transitive verb governs a noun in the objective case; or to require (a particular case); as, a transitive verb governs the objective case.
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Govern, v. i. To exercise authority; to administer the laws; to have the control. Dryden.
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Governability (?), n. Governableness.
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Governable (?), a. [Cf. F. gouvernable.] Capable of being governed, or subjected to authority; controllable; manageable; obedient. Locke.
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Governableness, n. The quality of being governable; manageableness.

Governal (?), Governail (�), n. [Cf. F. gouvernail helm, rudder, L. gubernaculum.] Management; mastery. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
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Governance (?), n. [F. gouvernance.] Exercise of authority; control; government; arrangement. Chaucer. J. H. Newman.
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Governante (?), n. [F. gouvernante. See .] A governess. Sir W. Scott.
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Governess (?), n. [Cf. OF. governeresse. See .] A female governor; a woman invested with authority to control and direct; especially, one intrusted with the care and instruction of children, -- usually in their homes.
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Governing, a. 1. Holding the superiority; prevalent; controlling; as, a governing wind; a governing party in a state. Jay.
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2. (Gram.) Requiring a particular case.
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Government (?), n. [F. gouvernement. See .] 1. The act of governing; the exercise of authority; the administration of laws; control; direction; regulation; as, civil, church, or family government.
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2. The mode of governing; the system of polity in a state; the established form of law.
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That free government which we have so dearly purchased, free commonwealth. Milton.
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3. The right or power of governing; authority.
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I here resign my government to thee. Shak.
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4. The person or persons authorized to administer the laws; the ruling power; the administration.
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When we, in England, speak of the government, we generally understand the ministers of the crown for the time being. Mozley & W.
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5. The body politic governed by one authority; a state; as, the governments of Europe.
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6. Management of the limbs or body. Shak.
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7. (Gram.) The influence of a word in regard to construction, requiring that another word should be in a particular case.
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Governmental (?), a. [Cf. F. gouvernemental.] Pertaining to government; made by government; as, governmental duties.
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government-in-exile n. A temporary government moved to or formed in a foreign land by exiles who hope to rule when their country is liberated.
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Governor (?), n. [OE. governor, governour, OF. governeor, F. gouverneur, fr. L. gubernator steersman, ruler, governor. See .] 1. One who governs; especially, one who is invested with the supreme executive authority in a State; a chief ruler or magistrate; as, the governor of Pennsylvania. “The governor of the town.” Shak.
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2. One who has the care or guardianship of a young man; a tutor; a guardian.
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3. (Naut.) A pilot; a steersman. [R.]
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4. (Mach.) A contrivance applied to steam engines, water wheels, and other machinery, to maintain nearly uniform speed when the resistances and motive force are variable.

☞ The illustration shows a form of governor commonly used for steam engines, in wich a heavy sleeve (a) sliding on a rapidly revolving spindle (b), driven by the engine, is raised or lowered, when the speed varies, by the changing centrifugal force of two balls (c c) to which it is connected by links (d d), the balls being attached to arms (e e) which are jointed to the top of the spindle. The sleeve is connected with the throttle valve or cut-off through a lever (f), and its motion produces a greater supply of steam when the engine runs too slowly and a less supply when too fast.
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Coloq. Governor cut-off (Steam Engine), a variable cut-off gear in which the governor acts in such a way as to cause the steam to be cut off from entering the cylinder at points of the stroke dependent upon the engine's speed. -- Coloq. Hydraulic governor (Mach.), a governor which is operated by the action of a liquid in flowing; a cataract.
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Governor general (?). A governor who has lieutenant or deputy governors under him; as, the governor general of Canada, of India.
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Governorship, n. The office of a governor.
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Gowan (?), n. [Scot., fr. Gael. gugan bud, flower, daisy.] 1. The daisy, or mountain daisy. [Scot.]
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And pu'd the gowans fine. Burns.
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2. (Min.) Decomposed granite.
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Gowany (?), a. Having, abounding in, or decked with, daisies. [Scot.]
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Sweeter than gowany glens or new-mown hay. Ramsay.
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Gowd (?), n. [Cf. .] Gold; wealth. [Scot.]
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The man's the gowd for a' that. Burns.
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Gowden (?), a. Golden. [Scot.]
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Gowdie (?), n. (Zoöl.) See . [Scot.]
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Gowdnook (?), n. (Zoöl.) The saury pike; -- called also gofnick.
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Gowk (?), v. t. [See .] To make a, booby of one); to stupefy. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
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Gowk, n. [See .] (Zoöl.) 1. The European cuckoo; -- called also gawky.
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2. A simpleton; a gawk or gawky.
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Gowl (?), v. i. [OE. gaulen, goulen. Cf. , v. i.] To howl. [Obs.] Wyclif.
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Gown (?), n. [OE. goune, prob. from W. gwn gown, loose robe, akin to Ir. gunn, Gael. gùn; cf. OF. gone, prob. of the same origin.] 1. A loose, flowing upper garment; especially: (a) The ordinary outer dress of a woman; as, a calico or silk gown. (b) The official robe of certain professional men and scholars, as university students and officers, barristers, judges, etc.; hence, the dress of peace; the dress of civil officers, in distinction from military.
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He Mars deposed, and arms to gowns made yield. Dryden.

(c) A loose wrapper worn by gentlemen within doors; a dressing gown.
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2. Any sort of dress or garb.
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He comes . . . in the gown of humility. Shak.
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Gowned (?), p. a. Dressed in a gown; clad.
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Gowned in pure white, that fitted to the shape. Tennyson.

Gownsman (?), Gownman (�), n.; pl. -men (-men). One whose professional habit is a gown, as a divine or lawyer, and particularly a member of an English university; hence, a civilian, in distinction from a soldier.
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Gozzard (?), n. See . [Prov. Eng.]
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Graafian (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or discovered by, Regnier de Graaf, a Dutch physician.
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Coloq. Graafian follicles or vesicles, small cavities in which the ova are developed in the ovaries of mammals, and by the bursting of which they are discharged.
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Graal (grāl), n. See , a dish.
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Grab (grăb), n. [Ar. & Hind. ghurāb crow, raven, a kind of Arab ship.] (Naut.) A vessel used on the Malabar coast, having two or three masts.
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Grab (grăb), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Grabbed (grăbd); p. pr. & vb. n. Grabbing.] [Akin to Sw. grabba to grasp. Cf. , , .] To gripe suddenly; to seize; to snatch; to clutch.
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Grab, n. 1. A sudden grasp or seizure.
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2. An instrument for clutching objects for the purpose of raising them; -- specially applied to devices for withdrawing drills, etc., from artesian and other wells that are drilled, bored, or driven.
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Coloq. Grab bag , at fairs, a bag or box holding small articles which are to be drawn, without being seen, on payment of a small sum. [Colloq.] -- Coloq. Grab game , a theft committed by grabbing or snatching a purse or other piece of property. [Colloq.]
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Grabber (?), n. One who seizes or grabs.
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Grabble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Grabbled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Grabbling (�).] [Freq. of grab; cf. D. grabbelen.] 1. To grope; to feel with the hands.
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He puts his hands into his pockets, and keeps a grabbling and fumbling. Selden.
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2. To lie prostrate on the belly; to sprawl on the ground; to grovel. Ainsworth.
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Grace (grās), n. [F. grâce, L. gratia, from gratus beloved, dear, agreeable; perh. akin to Gr. � to rejoice, charis favor, grace, Skr. hary to desire, and E. yearn. Cf. , .] 1. The exercise of love, kindness, mercy, favor; disposition to benefit or serve another; favor bestowed or privilege conferred.
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To bow and sue for grace
With suppliant knee. Milton.
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2. (Theol.) The divine favor toward man; the mercy of God, as distinguished from His justice; also, any benefits His mercy imparts; divine love or pardon; a state of acceptance with God; enjoyment of the divine favor.
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And if by grace, then is it no more of works. Rom. xi. 6.
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My grace is sufficicnt for thee. 2 Cor. xii. 9.
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Where sin abounded, grace did much more abound. Rom. v. 20.
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By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand. Rom. v.2
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3. (Law) (a) The prerogative of mercy execised by the executive, as pardon. (b) The same prerogative when exercised in the form of equitable relief through chancery.
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4. Fortune; luck; -- used commonly with hard or sorry when it means misfortune. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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5. Inherent excellence; any endowment or characteristic fitted to win favor or confer pleasure or benefit.
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He is complete in feature and in mind.
With all good grace to grace a gentleman. Shak.
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I have formerly given the general character of Mr. Addison's style and manner as natural and unaffected, easy and polite, and full of those graces which a flowery imagination diffuses over writing. Blair.
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