Hole - Holothurioidea

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Hole (?), v. t. [AS. holian. See , n.] 1. To cut, dig, or bore a hole or holes in; as, to hole a post for the insertion of rails or bars. Chapman.
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2. To drive into a hole, as an animal, or a billiard ball.
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Hole, v. i. To go or get into a hole. B. Jonson.
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Hole in the air. (Aëronautics) same as , above; an .
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Holethnic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a holethnos or parent race.
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The holethnic history of the Arians. London Academy.
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Holethnos (?), n. [Holo + Gr. � race.] A parent stock or race of people, not yet divided into separate branches or tribes.
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holey adj. having pores or holes.
Syn. -- porous.
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Holibut (?), n. (Zoöl.) See .
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Holidam (?), n. [Obs.] See .
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Holiday (?), n. [Holy + day.] 1. A consecrated day; religious anniversary; a day set apart in honor of some person, or in commemoration of some event. See .
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2. A day of exemption from labor; a day of amusement and gayety; a festival day.
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And young and old come forth to play
On a sunshine holiday. Milton.
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3. (Law) A day fixed by law for suspension of business; a legal holiday.
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☞ In the United States legal holidays, so called, are determined by law, commonly by the statutes of the several States. The holidays most generally observed are: the 22d day of February (Washington's birthday), the 30th day of May (Memorial day), the 4th day of July (Independence day), the 25th day of December (Christmas day). In most of the States the 1st day of January is a holiday. When any of these days falls on Sunday, usually the Monday following is observed as the holiday. In many of the States a day in the spring (as Good Friday, or the first Thursday in April), and a day in the fall (as the last Thursday in November) are now regularly appointed by Executive proclamation to be observed, the former as a day of fasting and prayer, the latter as a day of thanksgiving and are kept as holidays. In England, the days of the greater church feasts (designated in the calendar by a red letter, and commonly called red-letter days) are observed as general holidays. Bank holidays are those on which, by act of Parliament, banks may suspend business. Although Sunday is a holiday in the sense of a day when business is legally suspended, it is not usually included in the general term, the phrase “Sundays and holidays” being more common.
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Coloq. The holidays , any fixed or usual period for relaxation or festivity; especially, Christmas and New Year's day with the intervening time.
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Holiday, a. 1. Of or pertaining to a festival; cheerful; joyous; gay. Shak.
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2. Occurring rarely; adapted for a special occasion.
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Courage is but a holiday kind of virtue, to be seldom exercised. Dryden.
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holier-than-thou adj. being excessively or hypocritically pious while condemning others as being less virtuous than oneself.
Syn. -- pietistic, pietistical, pharisaic, pharisaical, sanctimonious, self-righteous.
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Holily (?), adv. [From .] 1. Piously; with sanctity; in a holy manner.
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2. Sacredly; inviolably. [R.] Shak.
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Holiness, n. [AS. hālignes.] 1. The state or quality of being holy; perfect moral integrity or purity; freedom from sin; sanctity; innocence.
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Who is like thee, glorious in holiness! Ex. xv. 11.
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2. The state of being hallowed, or consecrated to God or to his worship; sacredness.
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Israel was holiness unto the Lord. Jer.ii.3.
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Coloq. His holiness , a title of the pope; -- formerly given also to Greek bishops and Greek emperors.

Syn. -- Piety; devotion; godliness; sanctity; sacredness; righteousness.
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Holing (?), n. [See a hollow.] (Mining) Undercutting in a bed of coal, in order to bring down the upper mass. Raymond.
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Holla (?), interj. [F. hola; ho ho + là there, fr. L. illac that way, there. Cf. .] Hollo.
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Holla, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hollaed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hollaing.] See , v. i.
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Holland (?), n. A kind of linen first manufactured in Holland; a linen fabric used for window shades, children's garments, etc.; as, brown or unbleached hollands.
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{ Hollandaise sauce, or Hollandaise } (?), n. [F. hollandaise, fem. of hollandais Dutch.] (Cookery) A sauce consisting essentially of a seasoned emulsion of butter and yolk of eggs with a little lemon juice or vinegar.
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Hollander (?), prop. n. 1. A native or one of the people of Holland; a Dutchman.
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2. A very hard, semi-glazed, green or dark brown brick, which will not absorb water; -- called also, Dutch clinker. Wagner.
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Hollandish, a. Relating to Holland; Dutch.
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Hollands (?), n. 1. Gin made in Holland.
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2. pl. See .
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Hollo (?), interj. & n. [See , and cf. .] Ho there; stop; attend; hence, a loud cry or a call to attract attention; a halloo.
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And every day, for food or play,
Came to the mariner's hollo. Coleridge.
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Hollo (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Holloed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Holloing.] [See , interj., and cf. .] To call out or exclaim; to halloo.
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Holloa (?), interj., n. & v. i. Same as .
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Hollow (?), a. [OE. holow, holgh, holf, AS. holh a hollow, hole. Cf. .] 1. Having an empty space or cavity, natural or artificial, within a solid substance; not solid; excavated in the interior; as, a hollow tree; a hollow sphere.
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Hollow with boards shalt thou make it. Ex. xxvii. 8.
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2. Depressed; concave; gaunt; sunken.
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With hollow eye and wrinkled brow. Shak.
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3. Reverberated from a cavity, or resembling such a sound; deep; muffled; as, a hollow roar. Dryden.
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4. Not sincere or faithful; false; deceitful; not sound; as, a hollow heart; a hollow friend. Milton.
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Coloq. Hollow newel (Arch.), an opening in the center of a winding staircase in place of a newel post, the stairs being supported by the wall; an open newel; also, the stringpiece or rail winding around the well of such a staircase. -- Coloq. Hollow quoin (Engin.), a pier of stone or brick made behind the lock gates of a canal, and containing a hollow or recess to receive the ends of the gates. -- Coloq. Hollow root . (Bot.) See . -- Coloq. Hollow square . See . -- Coloq. Hollow ware , hollow vessels; -- a trade name for cast-iron kitchen utensils, earthenware, etc.

Syn.- Concave; sunken; low; vacant; empty; void; false; faithless; deceitful; treacherous.
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Hollow (?), n. 1. A cavity, natural or artificial; an unfilled space within anything; a hole, a cavern; an excavation; as the hollow of the hand or of a tree.
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2. A low spot surrounded by elevations; a depressed part of a surface; a concavity; a channel.
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Forests grew
Upon the barren hollows. Prior.
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I hate the dreadful hollow behind the little wood. Tennyson.
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Hollow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hollowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hollowing.] To make hollow, as by digging, cutting, or engraving; to excavate. “Trees rudely hollowed.” Dryden.
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Hollow, adv. Wholly; completely; utterly; -- chiefly after the verb to beat, and often with all; as, this story beats the other all hollow. See , adv. [Colloq.]
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The more civilized so-called Caucasian races have beaten the Turks hollow in the struggle for existence. Darwin.
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Hollow (?), interj. [See .] Hollo.
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Hollow (?), v. i. To shout; to hollo.
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Whisperings and hollowings are alike to a deaf ear. Fuller.
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Hollow, v. t. To urge or call by shouting.
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He has hollowed the hounds. Sir W. Scott.
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hollowed adj. having a cavity within; as, canoe made of a hollowed log.
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Hollow-hearted (?), a. Insincere; deceitful; not sound and true; having a cavity or decayed spot within.

Syn. -- Faithless; dishonest; false; treacherous.
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Hollow-horned (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having permanent horns with a bony core, as cattle.
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Hollowly, adv. Insincerely; deceitfully. Shak.
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Hollowness, n. 1. State of being hollow. Bacon.
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2. Insincerity; unsoundness; treachery. South.
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holloware, hollowware n. serving dishes of silver having some depth in the bowl; contrasted with flatware.
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Holluschickie (?), n. sing. & pl. [Prob. of Russ. goluishka bare of possessions, offspring, etc., fr. goluiĭ naked.] (Zoöl.) A young male fur seal, esp. one from three to six years old; -- called also bachelor, because prevented from breeding by the older full-grown males.

☞ The holluschickie are the seals that may legally be killed for their skins.

But he'll lie down on the killing grounds where the holluschickie go. Kipling.
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Holly (hōll�), adv. Wholly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Holly (hŏll�), n. [OE holi, holin, AS. holen, holegn; akin to D. & G. hulst, OHG. huls hulis, W. celyn, Armor. kelen, Gael. cuilionn, Ir. cuileann. Cf. 1st , .] 1. (Bot.) A tree or shrub of the genus Ilex. The European species (Ilex Aquifolium) is best known, having glossy green leaves, with a spiny, waved edge, and bearing berries that turn red or yellow about Michaelmas.
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☞ The holly is much used to adorn churches and houses, at Christmas time, and hence is associated with scenes of good will and rejoicing. It is an evergreen tree, and has a finegrained, heavy, white wood. Its bark is used as a febrifuge, and the berries are violently purgative and emetic. The American holly is the Ilex opaca, and is found along the coast of the United States, from Maine southward. Gray.
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2. (Bot.) The holm oak. See 1st .
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Coloq. Holly-leaved oak (Bot.), the black scrub oak. See . -- Coloq. Holly rose (Bot.), a West Indian shrub, with showy, yellow flowers (Turnera ulmifolia). -- Coloq. Sea holly (Bot.), a species of Eryngium. See .
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hollygrape n. An ornamental evergreen shrub (Mahonia aquifolium) of the Pacific coast of North America having dark green pinnate leaves and racemes of yellow flowers followed by blue-black berries.
Syn. -- Oregon grape, Oregon holly grape, mountain grape, holly-leaves barberry, Mahonia aquifolium.
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Hollyhock (?), n. [OE. holihoc; holi holy + hoc mallow, AS. hoc; cf. W. hocys mallows, hocys bendigaid hollyhock, lit., blessed mallow. Prob. so named because brought from the Holy Land. See .] (Bot.) A species of Althæa (Althæa rosea), bearing flowers of various colors; -- called also rose mallow. Rose mallow is listed as a variety of Hibiscus, not Hollyhock in several Web pages. Name change???
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Holm (hōm; 277), n. [OE., prob. from AS. holen holly; as the holly is also called holm. See .] (Bot.) A common evergreen oak, of Europe (Quercus Ilex); -- called also ilex, and holly.
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Holm (hōm), n. [AS. holm, usually meaning, sea, water; akin to Icel. hōlmr, holmr, an island, Dan. holm, Sw. holme, G. holm, and prob. to E. hill. Cf. .]
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1. An islet in a river. J. Brand.
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2. Low, flat land. Wordsworth.
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The soft wind blowing over meadowy holms. Tennyson.
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Coloq. Holm thrush (Zoöl.), the missel thrush.
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Holmes n. Sherlock Holmes, a fictitious detective in novels by A. Conan Doyle.
Syn. -- Sherlock Holmes.
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Holmia (?), n. [NL.] (Chem.) An oxide of holmium.
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Holmium (?), n. [NL., from Stockholm.] (Chem.) A rare element of atomic number 67 said to be contained in gadolinite. Chemical symbol Ho. Atomic weight 164.93. Valence +3. It was detected by spectral absorption bands in 1878 by the Delafontaine and Soret, who called it Element X. Later the Swedish chemist Cleve independently discovered it in erbia, and named it after his native city Stockholm. The first preparation of pure Holmia, the yellow oxide, was not made until 1911. HCP61 -- Holmic (#), a.
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Holmos (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.�.] (Greek & Etrus. Antiq.) A name given to a vase having a rounded body; esp.: (a) A closed vessel of nearly spherical form on a high stem or pedestal. Fairholt. (b) A drinking cup having a foot and stem.
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Holo- (?). A combining form fr. Gr. olos whole.
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Holoblast (?), n. [Holo + -blast.] (Biol.) an ovum composed entirely of germinal matter. See .
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Holoblastic (?), a. (Biol.) Undergoing complete segmentation; composed entirely of germinal matter, the whole of the yolk undergoing fission; -- opposed to meroblastic.
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Holocaust (?), n. [L. holocaustum, Gr. �, neut. of �, �, burnt whole; o'los whole + kaystos burnt, fr. kaiein to burn (cf. ): cf. F. holocauste.] 1. A burnt sacrifice; an offering, the whole of which was consumed by fire, among the Jews and some pagan nations. Milton.
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2. Sacrifice or loss of many lives, as by the burning of a theater or a ship. [An extended use not authorized by careful writers.]
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3. Specifically: The mass killing of millions of Jews by the Nazis during the period from 1933 to 1945 in Germany and German-occupied lands; usually referred to as The Holocaust. In Hebrew, the same event is referred to by the word Shoah.
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Holocene n. 1. The geological period comprising approximately the last 10,000 years.
Syn. -- Holocene epoch, Recent epoch.
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Holocentridae prop. n. A natural family of fish including the squirrelfishes and soldierfishes.
Syn. -- family Holocentridae.
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Holocentrus prop. n. The type genus of the family Holocentridae, comprising some of the squirrelfishes.
Syn. -- genus Holocentrus.
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holocephalan n. A member of the Holocephali, fish with high compressed heads and a bodies tapering off into a long tail. See also .
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Holocephali (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. olos whole + kefalh head.] (Zoöl.) An order of elasmobranch fishes, including, among living species, only the chimæras; -- called also Holocephala. See ; also Illustration in Appendix.
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Holocryptic (?), a. [Holo- + Gr. kryptein to conceal.] Wholly or completely concealing; incapable of being deciphered.
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Coloq. Holocryptic cipher , a cipher so constructed as to afford no clew to its meaning to one ignorant of the key.
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Holocrystalline (?), a. [Holo + crystalline.] (Min.) Completely crystalline; -- said of a rock like granite, all the constituents of which are crystalline.

Holstein-Friesian n. A breed of dairy cattle from North Holland and Friesland; they have a black and white color to their fur.
Syn. -- Friesian, Holstein.
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hologram (?), n. A photographic image giving the observer a seemingly three-dimensional view of the represented object. The three-dimensional effect is produced by exposing a photographic recording medium to an interference pattern generated by a coherent beam of light (as from a laser) reflected from the subject, interacting with a beam directly from the source. The full three-dimensional effect requires illumination of the image with coherent light, but less perfect three-dimensional visual effects may also be observed when the hologram is illuminated with white light.
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Holograph (?), n. [L. holographus entirely autograph, Gr. olografos; olos whole + grafein to write: cf. F. holographe, olographe.] 1. A document, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly in the handwriting of the person from whom it proceeds and whose act it purports to be.
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holograph (?), v. t. To produce a holographic image of, by holography.
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Holographic (?), a. 1. Of the nature of a holograph; pertaining to holographs.
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2. Of or pertaining to holography or holograms; produced by holography.
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holography (?), v. t. The process of producing holograms, usually requiring a source of coherent light, as from a laser.
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Holohedral (?), a. [Holo- + Gr. � seat, base, fr. � to sit.] (Crystallog.) Having all the planes required by complete symmetry, -- in opposition to hemihedral.
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Holohemihedral (?), a. [Holo- + hemihedral.] (Crystallog.) Presenting hemihedral forms, in which all the sectants have halt the whole number of planes. Dana.
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Holometabola (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) Those insects which have a complete metamorphosis; metabola.
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Holometabolic (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having a complete metamorphosis; -- said of certain insects, as the butterflies and bees.
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Holometer (?), n. [Holo + -meter: cf. F. holometre.] An instrument for making all kinds of angular measurements.
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Holophanerous (?), a. [Holo + Gr. � visible, fr. � to appear.] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Holophotal (?), a. [Holo + Gr. �, �, light.] (Opt.) Causing no loss of light; -- applied to reflectors which throw back the rays of light without perceptible loss.
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Holophote (?), n. A lamp with lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of light and throw them in a given direction; -- used in lighthouses.
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Holophrastic (?), a. [Holo + Gr. � to speak: cf. F. holophrastique.] Expressing a phrase or sentence in a single word, -- as is the case in the aboriginal languages of America.
Syn. -- polysynthetic, agglutinative.
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Holophytic (?), a. [Holo + Gr.� a plant.] Wholly or distinctively vegetable.
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Coloq. Holophytic nutrition (�), that form of nutrition, characteristic of vegetable organisms, in which carbonic acid, ammonia, and nitrates are absorbed as food, in distinction from the animal mode of nutrition, by the ingestion of albuminous matter.
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Holorhinal (?), a. [Holo + Gr.�, nose.] (Anat.) Having the nasal bones contiguous.
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Holosiderite (?), n. [Holo + siderite.] (Min.) Meteoric iron; a meteorite consisting of metallic iron without stony matter.
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Holostean (?), a. (Zoöl.) Pertaining to the Holostei.
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Holostei (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. olos whole + � a bone.] (Zoöl.) An extensive division of ganoids, including the gar pike, bowfin, etc.; the bony ganoids. See Illustration in Appendix.
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Holosteric (?), a. [Holo + Gr.stereos solid.] Wholly solid; -- said of a barometer constructed of solid materials to show the variations of atmospheric pressure without the use of liquids, as the aneroid.
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Holostomata (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. olos whole + stoma, -atos, mouth.] (Zoöl.) An artificial division of gastropods, including those that have an entire aperture.
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Holostomate (?), a. (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Holostomatous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having an entire aperture; -- said of many univalve shells.
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Holostome (?), n. [Holo + Gr. stoma mouth.] (Zoöl.) One of the Holostomata.
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Holostraca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. olos whole + � shell of a testacean.] (Zoöl.) A division of phyllopod Crustacea, including those that are entirely covered by a bivalve shell.
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Holothure (?), n. [L. holothuria, pl., a sort of water polyp, Gr. �.] (Zoöl.) A holothurian.
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Holothurian (?), a. (Zoöl.) Belonging to the Holothurioidea. -- n. One of the Holothurioidea.
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☞ Some of the species of Holothurians are called sea cucumbers, sea slugs, trepang, and bêche de mèr. Many are used as food, esp. by the Chinese. See .
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Holothurioidea (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) One of the classes of echinoderms. They have a more or less elongated body, often flattened beneath, and a circle of tentacles, which are usually much branched, surrounding the mouth; the skin is more or less flexible, and usually contains calcareous plates of various characteristic forms, sometimes becoming large and scalelike. Most of the species have five bands (ambulacra) of sucker-bearing feet along the sides; in others these are lacking. In one group (Pneumonophora) two branching internal gills are developed; in another (Apneumona) these are wanting. Called also Holothurida, Holothuridea, and Holothuroidea.
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