Hyperbolically - Hypocarp

Hyperbolically (?), adv. 1. (Math.) In the form of an hyperbola.
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2. (Rhet.) With exaggeration; in a manner to express more or less than the truth. Sir W. Raleigh.
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Hyperboliform (?), a. [Hyperbola + -form.] Having the form, or nearly the form, of an hyperbola.
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Hyperbolism (?), n. [Cf. F. hyperbolisme.] The use of hyperbole. Jefferson.
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Hyperbolist (?), n. One who uses hyperboles.
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Hyperbolize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hyperbolized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hyperbolizing (?).] [Cf. F. hyperboliser.] To speak or write with exaggeration. Bp. Montagu.
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Hyperbolize, v. t. To state or represent hyperbolically. Fotherby.
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Hyperboloid (?), n. [Hyperbola + -oid: cf. F. hyperboloïde.] (Geom.) A surface of the second order, which is cut by certain planes in hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by such a surface.
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Coloq. Hyperboloid of revolution , an hyperboloid described by an hyperbola revolving about one of its axes. The surface has two separate sheets when the axis of revolution is the transverse axis, but only one when the axis of revolution is the conjugate axis of the hyperbola.
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Hyperboloid, a. (Geom.) Having some property that belongs to an hyperboloid or hyperbola.
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Hyperborean (?), a. [L. hyperboreus, Gr. �; yper over, beyond + �. See .] 1. (Greek Myth.) Of or pertaining to the region beyond the North wind, or to its inhabitants.
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2. Northern; belonging to, or inhabiting, a region in very far north; most northern; hence, very cold; fright, as, a hyperborean coast or atmosphere.
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The hyperborean or frozen sea. C. Butler (1633).
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Hyperborean, n. 1. (Greek Myth.) One of the people who lived beyond the North wind, in a land of perpetual sunshine.
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2. An inhabitant of the most northern regions.
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Hypercarbureted (?), a. (Chem.) Having an excessive proportion of carbonic acid; -- said of bicarbonates or acid carbonates. [Written also hypercarburetted.]
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Hypercatalectic (?), a. [L. hypercatalecticus, hypercatalectus, Gr. �: cf. F. hypercatalectique. See , and .] (Pros.) Having a syllable or two beyond measure; as, a hypercatalectic verse.
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Hyperchloric (?), a. (Chem.) See .
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Hyperchromatism (?), n. The condition of having an unusual intensity of color.
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Hypercritic (?), n. [Pref. hyper- + critic: cf. F. hypercritique.] One who is critical beyond measure or reason; a carping critic; a captious censor. “Hypercritics in English poetry.” Dryden.
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Hypercritic, a. Hypercritical.
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Hypercritical (?), a. 1. Over critical; unreasonably or unjustly critical; carping; captious. “Hypercritical readers.” Swift.
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2. Excessively nice or exact. Evelyn.
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Hypercritically, adv. In a hypercritical manner.
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Hypercriticise (?), v. t. To criticise with unjust severity; to criticise captiously.
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Hypercriticism (?), n. Excessive criticism, or unjust severity or rigor of criticism; zoilism.
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hypercube n. A mathematical object existing in more than three dimensions, analogous to the cube in that each two-dimensional facet of the surface is a square; a generalization of a cube in more than three dimensions.
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Hyperdicrotic (?), a. (Physiol.) Excessive dicrotic; as, a hyperdicrotic pulse.
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Hyperdicrotism (?), n. (Physiol.) A hyperdicrotic condition.
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Hyperdicrotous (?), a. (Physiol.) Hyperdicrotic.
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Hyperdulia (?), n. [Pref. hyper- + dulia: cf. F. hyperdulie.] (R. C. Ch.) Veneration or worship given to the Virgin Mary as the most exalted of mere creatures; higher veneration than dulia. Addis & Arnold.
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Hyperduly (?), n. Hyperdulia. [Obs.]
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Hyperesthesia (?), n. Same as .
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Hypericum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �, �; � under, among + �, �, heath, heather.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, generally with dotted leaves and yellow flowers; -- called also St. John's-wort.
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hyperinflation n. an unusually rapid rate of monetary inflation, as when prices rise more than 100 per cent per year. A famous example occurred in Germany after the first World War, reaching its peak in the period 1923. When the hyperinflation ended by 1924, the value of the mark had decreased by more than one trillion times compared to its value in 1914. Periods of lesser hyperinflation have occurred in many other countries, as in Russia in 1994.
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Hyperinosis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. yper over + �, �, strength, fiber.] (Med.) A condition of the blood, characterized by an abnormally large amount of fibrin, as in many inflammatory diseases.
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Hyperion (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �.] (Class Myth.) The god of the sun; in the later mythology identified with Apollo, and distinguished for his beauty.
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So excellent a king; that was, to this,
Hyperion to a satyr. Shak.
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Hyperkinesis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. yper over + � motion.] (Med.) Abnormally increased muscular movement; spasm.
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Hyperkinetic (?), a. Of or pertaining to hyperkinesis.
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Hypermetamorphosis (?), n. [Hyper- + metamorphosis.] (Zoöl.) A kind of metamorphosis, in certain insects, in which the larva itself undergoes remarkable changes of form and structure during its growth.
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Hypermeter (?), n. [Gr. � beyond all measure; yper over, beyond + � measure: cf. F. hypermètre.] 1. (Pros.) A verse which has a redundant syllable or foot; a hypercatalectic verse.
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2. Hence, anything exceeding the ordinary standard.
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When a man rises beyond six foot, he is an hypermeter. Addison.
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Hypermetrical (?), a. Having a redundant syllable; exceeding the common measure.
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Coloq. Hypermetrical verse (Gr. & Lat. Pros.), a verse which contains a syllable more than the ordinary measure.

{ Hypermetropia (?), Hypermetropy (?), } n. [NL. hypermetropia, fr. Gr. � excessive + �, �, the eye. See .] An abnormal condition of the eye in which, through shortness of the eyeball or fault of the refractive media, the rays of light come to a focus behind the retina, making vision for distant objects better than for near objects; farsightedness; -- now most commonly called hyperopia. Cf. . [Obsolescent]
Syn. -- hyperopia, farsightedness, longsightedness.
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☞ In hypermetropia, vision for distant objects, although not better absolutely, is better than that for near objects, and hence, the individual is said to be farsighted. It is corrected by the use of convex glasses.

-- Hypermetropic (#), a.
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Hypermyriorama (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � beyond + � countless + � view.] A show or exhibition having a great number of scenes or views.
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hypernym n. a word that is more generic or more abstract than a given word; a word designating a class of which the given word is a member. Inverse of subtype and hyponym.
Syn. -- superordinate, superordinate word.
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hypernymy n. the relation of being superordinate or belonging to a higher (more abstract) rank or class. Inverse of hyponymy.
Syn. -- superordination.
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Hyperoartia (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) An order of marsipobranchs including the lampreys. The suckerlike moth contains numerous teeth; the nasal opening is in the middle of the head above, but it does not connect with the mouth. See , and .
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Hyperodontidae prop. n. A natural family of cetaceans comprising the beaked whales; in some, especially former, classifications it included in the family Physeteridae.
Syn. -- Ziphiidae, family Ziphiidae, family Hyperodontidae.
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hyperon n. (Physics) Any baryon that is not a nucleon; it is an unstable particle with a mass greater than that of a neutron.
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Hyperoodon prop. n. (Zoöl.) The mammalian genus comprised of the bottle-nosed whales.
Syn. -- genus Hyperoodon.
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hyperope n. a person with hyperopia.
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Hyperopia (hīpẽrōpĭȧ), n. [NL., fr. Gr. yper over + 'wps, 'wpos, the eye.] An abnormal condition of the eye in which, through shortness of the eyeball or fault of the refractive media, the rays of light come to a focus behind the retina, making vision for distant objects better than for near objects; farsightedness; -- called also hypermetropia. Cf. . -- Hyperoptic (#), a.
Syn. -- hypermetropia, farsightedness, longsightedness.
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Hyperorganic (hīpẽrôrgănĭk), a. [Pref. hyper- + organic.] Higher than, or beyond the sphere of, the organic. Sir W. Hamilton.
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hyperorthodox (hīpẽrôrth�dŏks), a. Orthodox to an excessive degree.
Syn. -- ultraorthodox.
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Hyperorthodoxy (hīpẽrôrth�dŏks�), n. Orthodoxy pushed to excess.
Syn. -- ultraorthodoxy.
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Hyperotreta (hīpẽr�trētȧ), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. yperw,n the palate + trhtos perforated.] (Zoöl.) An order of marsipobranchs, including the Myxine or hagfish and the genus Bdellostoma. They have barbels around the mouth, one tooth on the palate, and a communication between the nasal aperture and the throat. See . [Written also Hyperotreti.]
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Hyperoxide (?), n. (Chem.) A compound having a relatively large percentage of oxygen; a peroxide. [Obs.]

{ Hyperoxygenated (?), Hyperoxygenized (?), } a. (Chem.) Combined with a relatively large amount of oxygen; -- said of higher oxides. [Obs.]
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Hyperoxymuriate (?), n. (Chem.) A perchlorate. [Obs.]
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Hyperoxymuriatic (?), a. (Chem.) Perchloric; as, hyperoxymuriatic acid. [Obs.]
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Hyperphysical (?), a. Above or transcending physical laws; supernatural.
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Those who do not fly to some hyperphysical hypothesis. Sir W. Hamilton.
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Hyperplasia (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. yper over + � conformation, fr. � to mold.] (Med. & Biol.) An increase in, or excessive growth of, the normal elements of any part.
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☞ Hyperplasia relates to the formation of new elements, hypertrophy being an increase in bulk of preexisting normal elements. Dunglison.
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Hyperplastic (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to hyperplasia.
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2. (Biol.) Tending to excess of formative action.
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Hyperpnœa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. yper over + �, �, breath.] (Physiol.) Abnormal breathing, due to slightly deficient arterialization of the blood; -- in distinction from eupnœa. See , and .
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Hyperpyrexia (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Med.) A condition of excessive fever; an elevation of temperature in a disease, in excess of the limit usually observed in that disease.
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Hypersecretion (?), n. (Med.) Morbid or excessive secretion, as in catarrh.
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Hypersensibility (?), n. See .
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hypersonic (?), n. [Pref. hyper- + sonic.] (Aeronautics) Pertaining to or moving at a speed greatly in excess of the speed of sound, usually meaning greater than mach 5. All speeds in excess of the speed of sound are supersonic, but to be hypersonic requires even higher speed.
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hyperspace (hīpẽrspās), n. [Pref. hyper- + space.] (Geom.) A mathematical space having more than three dimensions. It is a mathematical construct and is not intended to represent the structure of the common physical space in which matter exists.
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hypersphere (hīpẽrsfēr), n. A mathematical object existing in more than three dimensions, analogous to the sphere in that all points on the surface are equidistant from the central point; a generalization of a sphere in more than three dimensions.
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Hypersthene (hīpẽrsthēn), n. [Gr. yper over + sqenos strength: cf. F. hyperstène.] (Min.) An orthorhombic mineral of the pyroxene group, of a grayish or greenish black color, often with a peculiar bronzelike luster (schiller) on the cleavage surface.
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Hypersthenic (?), a. (Min.) Composed of, or containing, hypersthene.
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hypertension n. abnormally high blood pressure; especially, the chronic condition associated with persistent high blood pressure.
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hypertensive n. 1. having abnormally high blood pressure.
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2. Causing high blood pressure.
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hypertensive n. A person who suffers from persistently high blood pressure.
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hyperthermia, hyperthermy n. abnormally high body temperature.
Syn. -- hyperthermy.
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Hyperthetical (?), a. [Gr. �; yper over + tiqenai to place.] Exaggerated; excessive; hyperbolical. [Obs.]
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Hyperthetical or superlative . . . expression. Chapman.
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Hyperthyrion (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �; yper over + � door.] (Arch.) That part of the architrave which is over a door or window.

hypertonic (?), n. [Pref. hyper- + tonic.] (Physiology, Biochemistry) Having a higher osmotic pressure than a comparison solution; -- of an aqueous solution. Increasing the concentration of dissolved solids increases the osmotic pressure, and thus the tonicity of a solution. Opposite of hypotonic and contrasting with isotonic. [wns=1]
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A knowledge of the colligative properties of solutions . . . is essential for one to understand fully the principles involved in rendering intravenous solutions isotonic with blood serum, or opthalmic solutions isotonic with lachrymal fluid. Solutions thus adjusted produce less shock and much less irritation than those which are hypotonic or hypertonic, and present-day practise recognizes the desirability of making the necessary adjustments whenever possible. Cook & Martin (Remington's Practice of Pharmacy, Tenth Ed.: Mack Publ., Easton Pa., 1951)

2. Specifically: Having an osmotic pressure greater than that of blood plasma, which is approximately that of a 0.2 normal solution of sodium chloride. Cells taken from a medium of normal physiological osmolality and placed in a hypertonic medium will shrink. [wns=1]
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3. in a state of abnormally high tension; -- of muscle. [wns=2]
Syn. -- pumped-up.
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hyperthyroidism n. (Med.) An abnormality of the thyroid gland characterized by the pathologically excessive production of thyroid hormones; -- also, the resulting condition characterized by increased metabolism, weight loss, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, an enlarged thyroid gland and sometimes exophthalmos. It leads to, and may be confirmed by, high plasma levels of triiodothyronine or thyroxin.
Syn. -- thyrotoxicosis.
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{ Hypertrophic (?), Hypertrophical (?), } a. [Cf. F. hypertrophique.] (Med. & Biol.) Of or pertaining to hypertrophy; affected with, or tending to, hypertrophy.
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Hypertrophied (?), a. (Med. & Biol.) Excessively developed; characterized by hypertrophy.
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Hypertrophy (?), n. [Gr. yper over, beyond + � nourishment, fr. � to nourish: cf. F. hypertrophie.] (Med. & Biol.) A condition of overgrowth or excessive development of an organ or part; -- the opposite of atrophy.
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hyperventilate v. i. to breathe rapidly and deeply; to breathe excessively; as, The mountain climber started to hyperventilate.
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hyperventilation n. 1. The act or process of hyperventilating; breathing rapidly and deeply.
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2. (Med.) A condition in which alveolar carbon dioxide concentration is markedly lower than normal, usually due to breathing rapidly and deeply.
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hypha (#), n.; pl. hyphae (#). any of the threadlike filaments forming the mycelium of a fungus. See .
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Hyphantria n. A genus of moths whose larvae are called .
Syn. -- genus Hyphantria.
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Hyphæ (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. yfh a web.] (Bot.) The long, branching filaments of which the mycelium (and the greater part of the plant) of a fungus is formed. They are also found enveloping the gonidia of lichens, making up a large part of their structure.
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Hyphen (hīfĕn), n. [L., fr. Gr. yfen, fr. yf en under one, into one, together, fr. � under + �, neut. of � one. See .] (Print.) A mark or short dash, thus [-], placed at the end of a line which terminates with a syllable of a word, the remainder of which is carried to the next line; or between the parts of many a compound word; as in fine-leaved, clear-headed. It is also sometimes used to separate the syllables of words.
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Hyphen, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hyphened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hyphening.] To connect with, or separate by, a hyphen, as two words or the parts of a word.
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Hyphenated (?), a. United by hyphens; hyphened; as, a hyphenated or hyphened word.
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Hyphenated American. An American who is referred to by a hyphenated term with the first word indicating an origin in a foreign country, and the second term being “American”, as Irish-American, Italian-American, African-American, Asian-American. Used in reference to Americans of foreign birth or ancestry. When used of Americans of European ancestry, it is often used to refer to those who have a strong attachment to the ancestral country or its culture. It implies that the individual is imperfectly assimilated into American culture, and is sometimes used derogatively.
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Hyphomycetes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � a web + �, �, a mushroom.] (Bot.) One of the great division of fungi, containing those species which have naked spores borne on free or only fasciculate threads. M. J. Berkley.
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Hypidiomorphic (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + idiomorphic.] (Crystallog.) Partly idiomorphic; -- said of rock a portion only of whose constituents have a distinct crystalline form. -- Hypidiomorphically (#), adv.
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Hypinosis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � under + �, � strength, fiber.] (Med.) A diminution in the normal amount of fibrin present in the blood.
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Hypnagogic (?), a. [Gr. � sleep + � a carrying away.] Leading to sleep; -- applied to the illusions of one who is half asleep.
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Hypnobate (?), n. [F., fr. Gr. � sleep + � to go.] A somnambulist. [R.]
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Hypnocyst (?), n. [Gr. � sleep + E. cyst.] (Biol.) A cyst in which some unicellular organisms temporarily inclose themselves, from which they emerge unchanged, after a period of drought or deficiency of food. In some instances, a process of spore formation seems to occur within such cysts.
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Hypnogenic (?), a. [Gr. � sleep + root of � to be born.] (Physiol.) Relating to the production of hypnotic sleep; as, the so-called hypnogenic pressure points, pressure upon which is said to cause an attack of hypnotic sleep. De Watteville.
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Hypnologist (?), n. One who is versed in hypnology.
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Hypnology (?), n. [Gr. � sleep + -logy.] A treatise on sleep; the doctrine of sleep.
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Hypnoscope (?), n. [Gr. � + -scope.] (Physiol.) An instrument for ascertaining the susceptibility of a person to hypnotic influences.
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Hypnosis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � sleep.] 1. (Med.) Supervention of sleep.
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2. The condition of being hypnotized or the process of hypnotizing a person; hypnotism{1}.
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Hypnotic (?), a. [Gr. � inclined to sleep, putting to sleep, fr. � to lull to sleep, fr. � sleep; akin to L. somnus, and E. somnolent: cf. F. hypnotique.] 1. Having the quality of producing sleep; tending to produce sleep; soporific.
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2. Of or pertaining to hypnotism; in a state of hypnotism; liable to hypnotism; as, a hypnotic condition.
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Hypnotic, n. 1. Any agent that produces, or tends to produce, sleep; an opiate; a soporific; a narcotic.
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2. A person who exhibits the phenomena of, or is subject to, hypnotism.
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Hypnotism (?), n. [Gr. � sleep: cf. F. hypnotisme.] 1. A form of sleep or trance, in some respects resembling somnambulism, but brought on by artificial means, in which there is an unusual suspension of some powers, and an unusual activity of others, especially a heightened susceptibility to suggestion. It is induced by an action upon the nerves, through the medium of the senses, by causing the subject to gaze steadily at a very bright object held before the eyes, or on an oscillating object, or by pressure upon certain points of the surface of the body, usually accompanied by the speaking of the hypnotist in quiet soothing tones. Called also hypnosis.
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2. The science which deals with the induction and properties of the hypnotic state.
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Hypnotist (?), n. A person who hypnotizes another, especially one who is professionally trained in the technique.
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Hypnotization (?), n. The act or process of producing hypnotism.
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Hypnotize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hypnotized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Hypnotizing (?).] To induce hypnotism in; to place in a state of hypnotism.
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Hypnotizer (?), n. One who hypnotizes; a hypnotist.
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Hypnum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � moss.] (Bot.) The largest genus of true mosses; feather moss.
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Hypo- (?). [Gr. � under, beneath; akin to L. sub. See .] 1. A prefix signifying a less quantity, or a low state or degree, of that denoted by the word with which it is joined, or position under or beneath.
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2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting that the element to the name of which it is prefixed enters with a low valence, or in a low state of oxidization, usually the lowest, into the compounds indicated; as, hyposulphurous acid.
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Hypo (?), n. Hypochondria. [Colloq.]
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Hypo, n. [Abbrev. from hyposulphite.] (Photog.) Sodium hyposulphite, or thiosulphate, a solution of which is used as a bath to wash out the unchanged silver salts in a picture. [Colloq.]
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Hypoarian (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to a hypoarion.
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Hypoarion (?), n.; pl. Hypoaria (#). [NL., fr. Gr. ypo beneath + � a little egg.] (Anat.) An oval lobe beneath each of the optic lobes in many fishes; one of the inferior lobes. Owen.
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Hypoblast (?), n. [Pref. hypo- + -blast.] (Biol.) The inner or lower layer of the blastoderm; -- called also endoderm, entoderm, and sometimes hypoderm. See Illust. of , , and .
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Hypoblastic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to, or connected with, the hypoblast; as, the hypoic sac.
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Hypobole (?), n. [Gr. � a throwing under, a suggesting; � under + � to throw.] (Rhet.) A figure in which several things are mentioned that seem to make against the argument, or in favor of the opposite side, each of them being refuted in order.
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Hypobranchial (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + branchial.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the segment between the basibranchial and the ceratobranchial in a branchial arch. -- n. A hypobranchial bone or cartilage.

{ Hypocarp (?), Hypocarpium (?), } n. [NL. hypocarpium, fr. Gr. ypo beneath + � fruit.] (Bot.) A fleshy enlargement of the receptacle, or for the stem, below the proper fruit, as in the cashew. See Illust. of .
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