Hypocarpogean - Hypostrophe

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Hypocarpogean (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � fruit + � earth.] (Bot.) Producing fruit below the ground.
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Hypocaust (?), n. [L. hypocaustum, Gr. �; � under + � to burn: cf. F. hypocauste.] (Anc. Arch.) A furnace, esp. one connected with a series of small chambers and flues of tiles or other masonry through which the heat of a fire was distributed to rooms above. This contrivance, first used in bath, was afterwards adopted in private houses.
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Hypochlorite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of hypochlorous acid; as, a calcium hypochloride.
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Hypochlorous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + chlorous.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine having a valence lower than in chlorous compounds.
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Coloq. Hypochlorous acid (Chem.), an acid derived from chlorine, not known in a pure state, but forming various salts, called hypochlorites.
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Hypochondres (?), n. pl. [F. hypocondres, formerly spely hypochondres.] The hypochondriac regions. See .
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Hypochondria (?), n. [NL.] (Med.) An excessive concern about one's own health, particularly a morbid worry about illnesses which a person imagines are affecting him, often focusing on specific symptoms; also called hypochondriasis.
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Hypochondriac (?), a. [Gr. � affocated in the hypochondrium: cf. F. hypocondriaque, formerly spelt hypochondriaque.] 1. Of or pertaining to hypochondria, or the hypochondriac regions.
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2. Affected, characterized, or produced, by hypochondriasis.
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Coloq. Hypochondriac region (Anat.), a region on either side of the abdomen beneath the cartilages of the false ribs, beside the epigastric, and above the lumbar, region.
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Hypochondriac, n. A person affected with hypochondria.
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He had become an incurable hypochondriac. Macaulay.
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Hypochondriacal (?), a. Same as , 2. -- Hypochondriacally, adv.
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Hypochondriacism (?), n. (Med.) Hypochondriasis. [R.]
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Hypochondriasis (?), n. [NL. So named because supposed to have its seat in the hypochondriac regions. See , , and cf. , 1st .] (Med.) A mental disorder in which melancholy and gloomy views torment the affected person, particularly concerning his own health; a morbid and deluded belief that one is afflicted with disease.
Syn. -- hypochondria.
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Hypochondriasm (?), n. (Med.) Hypochondriasis. [R.]
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Hypochondrium (?), n.; pl. L. Hypochondria (#), E. Hypochondriums (#). [L., fr. Gr. �, from � under the cartilage of the breastbone; � under + � cartilage.] (Anat.) Either of the hypochondriac regions.
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Hypochondry (?), n. Hypochondriasis.
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Hypocist (?), n. [Gr. � a plant growing on the roots of the Cistus.] An astringent inspissated juice obtained from the fruit of a plant (Cytinus hypocistis), growing from the roots of the Cistus, a small European shrub.
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Hypocleidium (?), n.; pl. L. Hypocleida (#), E. Hypocleidiums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. � under + � a little key.] (Anat.) A median process on the furculum, or merrythought, of many birds, where it is connected with the sternum.
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Hypocoristic (?), a. [Gr. �; � under + � to caress.] Endearing; diminutive; as, the hypocoristic form of a name.
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The hypocoristic or pet form of William. Dr. Murray.
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Hypocrateriform (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + krathr cup + -form.] (Bot.) hypocraterimorphous; salver-shaped. Wood.
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Hypocraterimorphous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. krathr bowl + morfh form.] (Bot.) Salver-shaped; having a slender tube, expanding suddenly above into a bowl-shaped or spreading border, as in the blossom of the phlox and the lilac.
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Hypocrisy (hĭpŏkrĭs�), n.; pl. Hypocrisies (-sĭz). [OE. hypocrisie, ypocrisie, OF. hypocrisie, ypocrisie, F. hypocrisie, L. hypocrisis, fr. Gr. ypokrisis the playing a part on the stage, simulation, outward show, fr. ypokrnesqai to answer on the stage, to play a part; ypo under + krinein to decide; in the middle voice, to dispute, contend. See , and .] The act or practice of a hypocrite; a feigning to be what one is not, or to feel what one does not feel; a dissimulation, or a concealment of one's real character, disposition, or motives; especially, the assuming of false appearance of virtue or religion; a simulation of goodness.
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Hypocrisy is the necessary burden of villainy. Rambler.
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Hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue. La Rochefoucauld (Trans. ).
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Hypocrite (?), n. [F., fr. L. hypocrita, Gr. � one who plays a part on the stage, a dissembler, feigner. See .] One who plays a part; especially, one who, for the purpose of winning approbation of favor, puts on a fair outside seeming; one who feigns to be other and better than he is; a false pretender to virtue or piety; one who simulates virtue or piety.
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The hypocrite's hope shall perish. Job viii. 13.
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I dare swear he is no hypocrite, but prays from his heart. Shak.

Syn. -- Deceiver; pretender; cheat. See .
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Hypocritely, adv. Hypocritically. [R.] Sylvester.
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Hypocritic (?), a. See . Swift.
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Hypocritical (?), a. [Gr. �: cf. F. hypocritique.] Of or pertaining to a hypocrite, or to hypocrisy; as, a hypocriticalperson; a hypocritical look; a hypocritical action.
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Hypocritical professions of friendship and of pacific intentions were not spared. Macaulay.

-- Hypocritically (#), adv.
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Hypocrystalline (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + crystalline.] (Crystallog.) Partly crystalline; -- said of rock which consists of crystals imbedded in a glassy ground mass.
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Hypocycloid (?), n. [Pref. hypo- + cycloid: cf. F. hypocycloïde.] (Geom.) A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls on the concave side in the fixed circle. Cf. , and .
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Hypodactylum (?), n.; pl. -tyla (#). [NL., fr. Gr. ypo beneath + � a finger, toe.] (Zoöl.) The under side of the toes.
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Hypoderm (?), n. [Pref. hypo- + -derm.] (Biol.) Same as .
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Hypoderma (?), n. [NL. See , and .] 1. (Bot.) A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants, and performing the physiological function of strengthening the epidermal tissue. In phanerogamous plants it is developed as collenchyma.
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2. (Zoöl.) An inner cellular layer which lies beneath the chitinous cuticle of arthropods, annelids, and some other invertebrates.
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Hypodermatic (?), a. Hypodermic.

-- Hypodermatically (#), adv.
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Hypodermic (?), a. [See .] Of or pertaining to the parts under the skin.
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Coloq. Hypodermic medication , the application of remedies under the epidermis, usually by means of a small syringe, called the hypodermic syringe.

-- Hypodermically (#), adv.
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hypodermic (?), n. A {2}.
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Hypodermic needle (?), n. 1. A small slender hollow metallic tube, sharp-pointed at one end and fitted at the other end with an adapter of larger internal diameter, designed for introduction of liquids directly into the bloodstream or other parts of the body of an animal.
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2. a together with an attached syringe.
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Hypodermic syringe (?), n. a small syringe designed for use together with a for injection of liquids directly under the skin, or into other parts of the body of an animal.
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Hypodermis (?), n. [NL. See , and .] 1. (Biol.) Same as .
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2. (Zoöl.) Same as , 2.

{ Hypodicrotic (?), Hypodicrotous (?), } a. (Physiol.) Exhibiting retarded dicrotism; as, a hypodicrotic pulse curve.
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Hypogæic (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. gai^a, gh^, earth.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, the peanut, or earthnut (Arachis hypogæa).
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Coloq. Hypogæic acid (Chem.), an acid in the oil of the earthnut, in which it exists as a glyceride, and from which it is extracted as a white, crystalline substance.
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Hypogastric (?), a. [Cf. F. hypogastrique. See .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the hypogastrium or the hypogastric region.
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Coloq. Hypogastric region . (a) The lower part of the abdomen. (b) An arbitrary division of the abdomen below the umbilical and between the two iliac regions.
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Hypogastrium (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �; � under + � belly.] (Anat.) The lower part of the abdomen.
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Hypogean (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � earth.] (Bot.) Hypogeous. [Written also hypogæan.]
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Hypogene (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + the root of Gr. � to be born: cf. F. hypogène.] (Geol.) Formed or crystallized at depths beneath the earth's surface; -- said of granite, gneiss, and other rocks, whose crystallization is believed of have taken place beneath a great thickness of overlying rocks. Opposed to epigene.
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Hypogeous (?), a. [See .] (Bot.) Growing under ground; remaining under ground; ripening its fruit under ground. [Written also hypogæous.]
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Hypogeum (?), n.; pl. Hypogea (#). [L., fr. Gr. �, �, subterranean; � under + �, �, the earth.] (Anc. Arch.) The subterraneous portion of a building, as in amphitheaters, for the service of the games; also, subterranean galleries, as the catacombs.
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Hypoglossal (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � the tongue.] (Anat.) Under the tongue; -- applied esp., in the higher vertebrates, to the twelfth or last pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the base of the tongue. -- n. One of the hypoglossal nerves.
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Hypognatous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � the jaw.] (Zoöl.) Having the maxilla, or lower jaw, longer than the upper, as in the skimmer.
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Hypogyn (?), n. (Bot.) An hypogynous plant.
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Hypogynous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � woman, female: cf. F. hypogyne.] (Bot.) Inserted below the pistil or pistils; -- said of sepals, petals, and stamens; having the sepals, petals, and stamens inserted below the pistil; -- said of a flower or a plant. Gray.
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Hypohyal (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Greek letter �.] (Anat.) Pertaining to one or more small elements in the hyoidean arch of fishes, between the caratohyal and urohyal. -- n. One of the hypohyal bones or cartilages.
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Hyponastic (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � pressed close.] (Bot.) Exhibiting a downward convexity caused by unequal growth. Cf. .
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Hyponasty (?), n. (Bot.) Downward convexity, or convexity of the inferior surface.
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Hyponitrite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of hyponitrous acid.
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Hyponitrous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + nitrous.] (Chem.) Containing or derived from nitrogen having a lower valence than in nitrous compounds.
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Coloq. Hyponitrous acid (Chem.), an unstable nitrogen acid, NOH, whose salts are produced by reduction of the nitrates, although the acid itself is not isolated in the free state except as a solution in water; -- called also nitrosylic acid.
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hyponym n. (linguistics) a word that is more specific (less abstract) than a given word; a term designating a class which is a subtype of the given word; a subcategory; a subtype. Inverse of hypernym; as, “dog” is a hyponym of “mammal”, and “mammal” is a hyponym of “vertebrate”.
Syn. -- subordinate, subordinate word.
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hyponymy n. (Linguistics) The state or quality of being a hyponym; as, hyponymy is symbolized by the tag “hypon”.
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Hypopharynx (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) An appendage or fold on the lower side of the pharynx, in certain insects.
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Hypophosphate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of hypophosphoric acid.
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Hypophosphite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of hypophosphorous acid.
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Hypophosphoric (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + phosphoric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, hypophosphoric acid.
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Coloq. Hypophosphoric acid (Chem.), an acid, P2H4O6, produced by the slow oxidation of moist phosphorus, and isolated only as a solution in water. It is regarded as a condensation product of one molecule of phosphoric acid with one of phosphorous acid, by partial dehydration.
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Hypophosphorous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + phosphorous.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, hypophosphorous acid.
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Coloq. Hypophosphorous acid (Chem.) , an acid, H3PO2, whose salts are produced by the action of barium hygrate on phosphorus. It may be obtained from its water solution, by exaporation and freezing, as a white crystalline substance. It is a powerful reducing agent.
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Hypophyllous (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + Gr. � leaf.] (Bot.) Being or growing on the under side of a leaf, as the fruit dots of ferns.
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Hypophysial (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the hypophysis; pituitary.
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Hypophysis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � under + � nature, origin.] 1. (Anat.) See Pituitary body, under .
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2. (Med.) Cataract.
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Hypoplastron (?), n.; pl. Hypoplastra (#). [Pref. hypo- + plastron.] (Anat.) The third lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; -- called also hyposternum.
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Hypoptilum (?), n.; pl. L. Hypoptila (#), E. Hypoptilums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. ypo beneath + � down.] (Zoöl.) An accessory plume arising from the posterior side of the stem of the contour feathers of many birds; -- called also aftershaft. See Illust. of .
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Hyporadius (?), n.; pl. Hyporadii (#). [Pref. hypo- + radius.] (Zoöl.) One of the barbs of the hypoptilum, or aftershaft of a feather. See .
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Hyporhachis (?), n.; pl. Hyporhachides (#). [NL., fr. Gr. ypo beneath + � spine.] (Zoöl.) The stem of an aftershaft or hypoptilum. [Written also hyporachis.]
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Hyposkeletal (?), a. [Pref. hypo- + skeletal.] (Anat.) Beneath the endoskeleton; hypaxial; as, the hyposkeletal muscles; -- opposed to episkeletal.
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Hypospadias (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ypo beneath + span to draw, tear.] (Med.) A deformity of the penis, in which the urethra opens upon its under surface.
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Hypostasis (?), n.; pl. Hypostases (#). [L., fr. Gr. � subsistence, substance, fr. � to stand under; � under + � to stand, middle voice of � to cause to stand. See , and .] 1. That which forms the basis of anything; underlying principle; a concept or mental entity conceived or treated as an existing being or thing.
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2. (Theol.) Substance; subsistence; essence; person; personality; -- used by the early theologians to denote any one of the three subdivisions of the Godhead, the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
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☞ The Council of Alexandria (a. d. 362) defined hypostasis as synonymous with person. Schaff-Herzog.
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3. Principle; an element; -- used by the alchemists in speaking of salt, sulphur, and mercury, which they considered as the three principles of all material bodies.
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4. (Med.) That which is deposited at the bottom of a fluid; sediment.
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Hypostasize (?), v. t. To make into a distinct substance; to conceive or treat as an existing being; to hypostatize. [R.]
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The pressed Newtonians . . . refused to hypostasize the law of gravitation into an ether. Coleridge.

{ Hypostatic (?), Hypostatical (?), } a. [Gr. �: cf. F. hypostatique.] 1. Relating to hypostasis, or substance; hence, constitutive, or elementary.
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The grand doctrine of the chymists, touching their three hypostatical principles. Boyle.
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2. Personal, or distinctly personal; relating to the divine hypostases, or substances. Bp. Pearson.
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3. (Med.) Depending upon, or due to, deposition or setting; as, hypostatic cognestion, cognestion due to setting of blood by gravitation.
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Coloq. Hypostatic union (Theol.), the union of the divine with the human nature of Christ. Tillotson.
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Hypostatically, adv. In a hypostatic manner.
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Hypostatize (?), v. t. 1. To make into, or regarded as, a separate and distinct substance.
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Looked upon both species and genera as hypostatized universals. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
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2. To attribute actual or personal existence to. Sir W. Hamilton.
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Hyposternum (?), n.; pl. L. Hyposterna (#), E. Hyposternums (#). [Pref. hypo- + sternum.] (Anat.) See .

{ Hypostome (?), Hypostoma (?), } n. [NL. hypostoma, fr. Gr. ypo beneath + � mouth.] (Zoöl.) The lower lip of trilobites, crustaceans, etc.
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Hypostrophe (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �, fr. � to turn round or back; � under + � to turn.] (Med.) (a) The act of a patient turning himself. (b) A relapse, or return of a disease.
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