Ill - Illuminate

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Ill (?), n. 1. Whatever annoys or impairs happiness, or prevents success; evil of any kind; misfortune; calamity; disease; pain; as, the ills of humanity.
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Who can all sense of others' ills escape
Is but a brute at best in human shape. Tate.
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That makes us rather bear those ills we have
Than fly to others that we know not of. Shak.
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2. Whatever is contrary to good, in a moral sense; wickedness; depravity; iniquity; wrong; evil.
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Strong virtue, like strong nature, struggles still,
Exerts itself, and then throws off the ill. Dryden.
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Ill, adv. In a ill manner; badly; weakly.
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How ill this taper burns! Shak.
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Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,
Where wealth accumulates and men decay. Goldsmith.
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☞ Ill, like above, well, and so, is used before many participal adjectives, in its usual adverbal sense. When the two words are used as an epithet preceding the noun qualified they are commonly hyphened; in other cases they are written separatively; as, an ill-educated man; he was ill educated; an ill-formed plan; the plan, however ill formed, was acceptable. Ao, also, the following: ill-affected or ill affected, ill-arranged or ill arranged, ill-assorted or ill assorted, ill-boding or ill boding, ill-bred or ill bred, ill-conditioned, ill-conducted, ill-considered, ill-devised, ill-disposed, ill-doing, ill-fairing, ill-fated, ill-favored, ill-featured, ill-formed, ill-gotten, ill-imagined, ill-judged, ill-looking, ill-mannered, ill-matched, ill-meaning, ill-minded, ill-natured, ill-omened, ill-proportioned, ill-provided, ill-required, ill-sorted, ill-starred, ill-tempered, ill-timed, ill-trained, ill-used, and the like.
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I' ll (?). Contraction for I will or I shall.
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I'll by a sign give notice to our friends. Shak.
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Illabile (?), a. Incapable of falling or erring; infalliable. [Obs.] -- Illability (#), n. [Obs.]
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Illacerable (?), a. [L. illacerabilis: cf. F. illacérable. See not, and .] Not lacerable; incapable of being torn or rent. [Obs.]
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Illacrymable (?), a. [L. illacrimabilis; pref. il- not + lacrimabilis worthy of tears.] Incapable of weeping. [Obs.] Bailey.
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Illampu prop. n. A mountian in Bolivia, 20,873 feet high. [proper name]
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Illapsable (?), a. [Pref. il- not + lapsable.] Incapable of slipping, or of error. [R.]
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Morally immutable and illapsable. Glanvill.
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Illapse (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Illapsed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illapsing.] [L. illapsus, p. p. of illabi; pref. il- in + labi to fall, slide.] To fall or glide; to pass; -- usually followed by into. Cheyne.
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Illapse, n. [L. illapsus. See , v. i.] A gliding in; an immisson or entrance of one thing into another; also, a sudden descent or attack. Akenside.
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They sit silent . . . waiting for an illapse of the spirit. Jeffrey.
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Illaqueable (?), a. Capable of being insnared or entrapped. [R.] Cudworth.
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Illaqueate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illaqueated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illaqueating.] [L. illaqueatus, p. p. of illaqueare; pref. il- in + laqueare to insnare, fr. laqueus, noose, snare.] To insnare; to entrap; to entangle; to catch.
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Let not the surpassing eloquence of Taylor dazzle you, nor his scholastic retiary versatility of logic illaqueate your good sense. Coleridge.
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Illaqueation (?), n. 1. The act of catching or insnaring. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
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2. A snare; a trap. Johnson.
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Illation (?), n. [L. illatio, fr. illatus, used as p. p. of inferre to carry or bring in, but from a different root: cf. F. illation. See 1st , and , and cf. .] The act or process of inferring from premises or reasons; perception of the connection between ideas; that which is inferred; inference; deduction; conclusion.
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Fraudulent deductions or inconsequent illations from a false conception of things. Sir T. Browne.
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Illative (?), a. [L. illativus: cf. F. illatif.] Relating to, dependent on, or denoting, illation; inferential; conclusive; as, an illative consequence or proposition; an illative word, as then, therefore, etc.
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Coloq. Illative conversion (Logic), a converse or reverse statement of a proposition which in that form must be true because the original proposition is true. -- Coloq. Illative sense (Metaph.), the faculty of the mind by which it apprehends the conditions and determines upon the correctness of inferences.
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Illative, n. An illative particle, as for, because.
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Illatively, adv. By inference; as an illative; in an illative manner.
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Illaudable (?), a. [L. illaudabilis. See not, and .] Not laudable; not praise-worthy; worthy of censure or disapprobation. Milton.

-- Illaudably, adv. [Obs.] Broome.
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Ill-boding (?), a. Boding evil; inauspicious; ill-omened. “Ill-boding stars.” Shak.
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Ill-bred (?), a. Badly educated or brought up; impolite; incivil; rude. See Note under , adv.
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Illecebration (?), n. [See .] Allurement. [R.] T. Brown.
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Illecebrous (?), a. [L. illecebrosus, fr. illecebra allurement, fr. illicere to allure.] Alluring; attractive; enticing. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.
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Illegal (?), a. [Pref. il- not + legal: cf. F. illégal.] Not according to, or authorized by, law; specif., contrary to, or in violation of, human law; unlawful; illicit; hence, immoral; as, an illegal act; illegal trade; illegal love. Bp. Burnet.
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Illegality (?), n.; pl. Illegalities (#). [Cf. F. illégalité.] The quality or condition of being illegal; unlawfulness; as, the illegality of trespass or of false imprisonment; also, an illegal act.
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Illegalize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illegalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illegalizing (?).] To make or declare illegal or unlawful.
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Illegally, adv. In a illegal manner; unlawfully.
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Illegalness, n. Illegality, unlawfulness.
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Illegibility (?), n. The state or quality of being illegible.
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Illegible (?), a. Incapable of being read; not legible; as, illegible handwriting; an illegible inscription. -- Illegibleness, n. -- Illegibly, adv.
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Illegitimacy (?), n. The state of being illegitimate. Blackstone.
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Illegitimate (?), a. 1. Not according to law; not regular or authorized; unlawful; improper.
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2. Unlawfully begotten; born out of wedlock; bastard; as, an illegitimate child.
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3. Not legitimately deduced or inferred; illogical; as, an illegitimate inference.
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4. Not authorized by good usage; not genuine; spurious; as, an illegitimate word.
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Coloq. Illegitimate fertilization , or Coloq. Illegitimate union (Bot.), the fertilization of pistils by stamens not of their own length, in heterogonously dimorphic and trimorphic flowers. Darwin.
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Illegitimate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illegitimated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illegitimating.] To render illegitimate; to declare or prove to be born out of wedlock; to bastardize; to illegitimatize.
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The marriage should only be dissolved for the future, without illegitimating the issue. Bp. Burnet.
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Illegitimately (?), adv. In a illegitimate manner; unlawfully.
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Illegitimation (?), n. 1. The act of illegitimating; bastardizing.
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2. The state of being illegitimate; illegitimacy. [Obs.]
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Gardiner had performed his promise to the queen of getting her illegitimation taken off. Bp. Burnet.
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Illegitimatize (?), v. t. To render illegitimate; to bastardize.
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Illesive (?), a. [Pref. il- not + L. laedere, laesum, to injure.] Not injurious; harmless. [R.]
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Illeviable (?), a. Not leviable; incapable of being imposed, or collected. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
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ill-famed adj. having an exceedingly bad reputation.
Syn. -- infamous, notorious.
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ill-fated adj. 1. marked by or promising bad fortune; unsuccessful; as, an ill-fated business venture.
Syn. -- ill-omened, ill-starred, unlucky.
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Ill-favored, Ill-favoured (?), a. Wanting beauty or attractiveness; unattractive; deformed; ugly; ill-looking; -- usually used of a face; as, an ill-favored countenance.
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Ill-favored and lean-fleshed. Gen. xli. 3.

-- Ill-favoredly, adv. -- Ill-favoredness, n.
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ill-fed adj. not getting adequate food.
Syn. -- underfed, undernourished.
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ill-fitting adj. Fitting poorly; not the proper size and cut; -- of clothing.
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ill-formed adj. 1. (Grammar) not grammatical; ungrammatical; not conforming to the rules of grammar or accepted usage. Opposite of grammatical.
Syn. -- ungrammatical.
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ill-gotten adj. obtained illegally or by improper means; as, ill-gotten gains.
Syn. -- dirty.
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ill-humored ill-humoured adj. ill-natured; having a sour, disagreeable, or surly disposition. Opposite of good-natured.
Syn. -- crusty, curmudgeonly, gruff.
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Illiberal (?), a. [L. illiberalis; pref. il- not + liberalis liberal: cf. F. illibéral.] 1. Not liberal; not free or generous; close; niggardly; mean; sordid. “A thrifty and illiberal hand.” Mason.
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2. Indicating a lack of breeding, culture, and the like; ignoble; rude; narrow-minded; disingenuous.
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3. Not well authorized or elegant; as, illiberal words in Latin. [R.] Chesterfield.
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Illiberalism (?), n. Illiberality. [R.]
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Illiberality (?), n. [L. illiberalitas: cf. F. illibéralité.] The state or quality of being illiberal; narrowness of mind; meanness; niggardliness. Bacon.
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Illiberalize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illiberalized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illiberalizing (?).] To make illiberal.
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Illiberally, adv. In a illiberal manner, ungenerously; uncharitably; parsimoniously.
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Illiberalness, n. The state of being illiberal; illiberality.
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Illicit (?), a. [L. illicitus; pref. il- not + licitus, p. p. of licere to be allowed or permitted: cf. F. illicite. See not, and .] Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful; as, illicit trade; illicit intercourse; illicit pleasure.
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One illicit . . . transaction always leads to another. Burke.

-- Illicitly, adv. -- Illicitness, n.
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Illicitous (?), a. Illicit. [R.] Cotgrave.
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Illicium (?), n. [So called, in allusion to its aroma, from L. illicium an allurement.] (Bot.) A genus of Asiatic and American magnoliaceous trees, having star-shaped fruit; star anise. The fruit of Illicium anisatum is used as a spice in India, and its oil is largely used in Europe for flavoring cordials, being almost identical with true oil of anise.
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Illighten (?), v. t. To enlighten. [Obs.]
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Illimitable (?), a. [Pref. il- not + limitable: cf. F. illimitable.] Incapable of being limited or bounded; immeasurable; limitless; boundless; as, illimitable space.
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The wild, the irregular, the illimitable, and the luxuriant, have their appropriate force of beauty. De Quincey.

Syn. -- Boundless; limitless; unlimited; unbounded; immeasurable; infinite; immense; vast.

-- Illimitableness, n. -- Illimitably, adv.
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Illimitation (?), n. [Pref. il- not + limitation: cf. F. illimitation.] State of being illimitable; lack of, or freedom from, limitation. Bp. Hall.
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Illimited (?), a. Not limited; interminable. Bp. Hall. -- Illimitedness, n.
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The absoluteness and illimitedness of his commission was generally much spoken of. Clarendon.
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Illinition (?), n. [L. illinire, illinere, to besmear; pref. il- in, on + linire, linere, to smear.] 1. A smearing or rubbing in or on; also, that which is smeared or rubbed on, as ointment or liniment.
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2. A thin crust of some extraneous substance formed on minerals. [R.]
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A thin crust or illinition of black manganese. Kirwan.
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Illinois (?), n. sing. & pl. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians, which formerly occupied the region between the Wabash and Mississippi rivers.
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Illiquation (?), n. [Pref. il- in + L. liquare to melt.] The melting or dissolving of one thing into another.
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Illish (?), a. Somewhat ill. [Obs.] Howell.
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Illision (?), n. [L. illisio, fr. illidere, illisum, to strike against; pref. il- in + laedere to strike.] The act of dashing or striking against. Sir T. Browne.
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Illiteracy (?), n.; pl. Illiteracies (#). [From .] 1. The state of being illiterate, or uneducated; lack of learning, or knowledge; ignorance; specifically, inability to read and write; as, the illiteracy shown by the last census.
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2. An instance of ignorance; a literary blunder.
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The many blunders and illiteracies of the first publishers of his [Shakespeare's] works. Pope.
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Illiteral (?), a. Not literal. [R.] B. Dawson.
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Illiterate (?), a. [L. illiteratus: pref. il- not + literatus learned. See not, and .] Unable to read or write; ignorant of letters or books; unlettered; uninstructed; uneducated; as, an illiterate man, or people.

Syn. -- Ignorant; untaught; unlearned; unlettered; unscholary. See .

-- Illiterately, adv. -- Illiterateness, n.
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Illiterature (?), n. Lack of learning; illiteracy. [R.] Ayliffe. Southey.
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Ill-judged (?), a. Not well judged; unwise; not well considered or thought out; as, an ill-judged attempt.
Syn. -- ill-advised, ill considered, rash.
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Ill-lived (?), a. Leading a wicked life. [Obs.]
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Ill-looking (?), a. Having a bad look; threatening; ugly. See Note under , adv.
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Ill-mannered (?), a. Impolite; rude; displaying socially incorrect behavior.
Syn. -- rude, unmannered, unmannerly.
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Ill-minded (?), a. Ill-disposed. Byron.
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Ill-natured (?), a. 1. Of habitual bad temper; having an unpleasant disposition; surly; disagreeable; cross; peevish; fractious; crabbed; -- of people; as, an ill-natured person; an ill-natured disagreeable old man. Opposite of good-natured. [Narrower terms: argumentative, contentious, disputatious, disputative, litigious : atrabilious, bilious, dyspeptic, liverish : bristly, prickly, snappish, splenetic, waspish : cantankerous, crotchety, ornery : choleric, irascible, hotheaded, hot-headed, hot-tempered, quick-tempered, short-tempered : crabbed, crabby, cross, fussy, fussbudgety, grouchy, grumpy, bad-tempered, ill-tempered: cranky, fractious, irritable, peevish, peckish, pettish, petulant, testy, tetchy, techy : crusty, curmudgeonly, gruff, ill-humored, ill-humoured: dour, glowering, glum, moody, morose, saturnine, sour, sullen : feisty, touchy : huffish, sulky: misanthropic, misanthropical : misogynous : shirty, snorty ill-tempered or annoyed): shrewish, nagging, vixenish : surly, ugly ] Also See: .
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2. Dictated by, or indicating, ill nature; spiteful. “The ill-natured task refuse.” Addison.
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3. Intractable; not yielding to culture. [R.] “Ill-natured land.” J. Philips.

3. not to one's liking; unpleasant; disagreeable. Opposite of agreeable. [wns=2] [Narrower terms: annoying, galling, chafing, irritating, nettlesome, pesky, pestiferous, pestilent, plaguy, plaguey, teasing, vexatious, vexing; nerve-racking, nerve-wracking, stressful, trying ]
Syn. -- disagreeable.
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-- Ill-naturedly, adv. -- Ill-naturedness, n.
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Illness (?), n. [From .] 1. The condition of being ill, evil, or bad; badness; unfavorableness. [Obs.] “The illness of the weather.” Locke.
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2. Disease; indisposition; malady; disorder of health; sickness; as, a short or a severe illness.
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3. Wrong moral conduct; wickedness. Shak.

Syn. -- Malady; disease; indisposition; ailment. -- , . Within the present century, there has been a tendency in England to use illness in the sense of a continuous disease, disorder of health, or sickness, and to confine sickness more especially to a sense of nausea, or “sickness of the stomach.”
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Ill-nurtured (?), a. Ill-bred. Shak.
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Illocality (?), n. Lack of locality or place. [R.] Cudworth.
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Illogical (?), a. Ignorant or negligent of the rules of logic or correct reasoning; as, an illogical disputant; contrary of the rules of logic or sound reasoning; as, an illogical inference. -- Illogically, adv. -- Illogicalness, n.
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Ill-omened (?), a. Having unlucky omens; inauspicious. See Note under , adv.
Syn. -- ill-fated, ill-starred, unlucky.
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ill-proportioned adj. 1. out of proportion in shape.
Syn. -- lopsided, one-sided.
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2. lacking pleasing shape.
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ill repute n. Bad reputation; notoriety.
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Coloq. house of ill repute A brothel; bordello.
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ill-shapen adj. so badly formed or out of shape as to be ugly; as, an ill-shapen vase.
Syn. -- deformed, distorted, malformed, misshapen.
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ill-sorted adj. not well matched.
Syn. -- incompatible, mismated, unsuited.
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Ill-starred (?), a. Fated to be unfortunate; unlucky; as, an ill-starred man or day.
Syn. -- ill-fated, ill-omened, unlucky.
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Ill-tempered (?), a. 1. Of bad temper; grouchy; morose; crabbed; sour; peevish; fretful; quarrelsome.
Syn. -- crabbed, crabby, cross, fussy, fussbudgety, grouchy, grumpy, bad-tempered.
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2. Unhealthy; ill-conditioned. [Obs.]
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So ill-tempered I am grown, that I am afraid I shall catch cold, while all the world is afraid to melt away. Pepys.
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Ill-timed (?), a. Done, attempted, or said, at an unsuitable or unpropitious time; occurring at an inappropriate time; as, an ill-timed intervention.
Syn. -- ill timed(predicate), inappropriate, unseasonable, untimely, wrong, poorly timed, badly timed.
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Illtreat (?), v. t. To treat cruelly or improperly; to ill use; to maltreat.
Syn. -- mistreat, maltreat, abuse, ill-use.
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ill-treated adj. physically abused. [Narrower terms: assaulted, molested, raped ; battered, beaten ; misunderstood ]
Syn. -- abused, maltreated, mistreated.
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ill-treatment n. cruel or inhumane treatment.
Syn. -- maltreatment, ill-usage, abuse.
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Illude (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illuded; p. pr. & vb. n. Illuding.] [L. illudere, illusum; pref. il- in + ludere to play: cf. OF. illuder. See .] To play upon by artifice; to deceive; to mock; to excite and disappoint the hopes of.
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Illume (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illumed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illuming.] [Cf. F. illuminer. See .] To throw or spread light upon; to make light or bright; to illuminate; to illumine. Shak.
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The mountain's brow,
Illumed with fluid gold. Thomson.
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Illuminable (?), a. Capable of being illuminated.
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Illuminant (?), n. [L. illuminans, -antis, p. pr. of illuminare.] That which illuminates or affords light; as, gas and petroleum are illuminants. Boyle.
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Illuminary (?), a. Illuminative.
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Illuminate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illuminated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illuminating (?).] [L. illuminatus, p. p. of illuminare; pref. il- in + luminare to enlighten, fr. lumen light. See , and cf. , , , .] 1. To make light; to throw light on; to supply with light, literally or figuratively; to brighten.
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2. To light up; to decorate with artificial lights, as a building or city, in token of rejoicing or respect.
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3. To adorn, as a book or page with borders, initial letters, or miniature pictures in colors and gold, as was done in manuscripts of the Middle Ages.
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4. To make plain or clear; to dispel the obscurity to by knowledge or reason; to explain; to elucidate; as, to illuminate a text, a problem, or a duty.
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