Illuminate - Imagination

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Illuminate (?), v. i. To light up in token or rejoicing.
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Illuminate (?), a. [L. illuminatus, p. p.] Enlightened. Bp. Hall.
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Illuminate, n. One who is enlightened; esp., a pretender to extraordinary light and knowledge.
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illuminated adj. [p. p. of .] 1. rendered luminous by rays of light striking and reflecting; -- used especially of illumination by artificial light.
Syn. -- lighted.
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2. Adorned with pictorial or graphical designs, as a book or page with borders, initial letters, or miniature pictures in colors and gold, as was done in manuscripts of the Middle Ages; as, an illuminated manuscript.
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Illuminati (?), n. pl. [L. illuminatus. See , v. t., and cf. .] Literally, those who are enlightened; -- variously applied as follows: --
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1. (Eccl.) Persons in the early church who had received baptism; in which ceremony a lighted taper was given them, as a symbol of the spiritual illumination they has received by that sacrament.
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2. (Eccl. Hist.) Members of a sect which sprung up in Spain about the year 1575. Their principal doctrine was, that, by means of prayer, they had attained to so perfect a state as to have no need of ordinances, sacraments, good works, etc.; -- called also Alumbrados, Perfectibilists, etc.
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3. (Mod. Hist.) Members of certain associations in Modern Europe, who combined to promote social reforms, by which they expected to raise men and society to perfection, esp. of one originated in 1776 by Adam Weishaupt, professor of canon law at Ingolstadt, which spread rapidly for a time, but ceased after a few years.
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4. Also applied to: (a) An obscure sect of French Familists; (b) The Hesychasts, Mystics, and Quietists; (c) The Rosicrucians.
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5. Any persons who profess special spiritual or intellectual enlightenment.
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Illuminating (?), a. Giving or producing light; used for illumination.
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Coloq. Illuminating gas . See , n., 2 (a).
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Illumination (?), n. [L. illuminatio: cf. F. illumination.] 1. The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the state of being illuminated.
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2. Festive decoration of houses or buildings with lights.
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3. Adornment of books and manuscripts with colored illustrations. See , v. t., 3.
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4. That which is illuminated, as a house; also, an ornamented book or manuscript.
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5. That which illuminates or gives light; brightness; splendor; especially, intellectual light or knowledge.
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The illumination which a bright genius giveth to his work. Felton.
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6. (Theol.) The special communication of knowledge to the mind by God; inspiration.
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Hymns and psalms . . . are framed by meditation beforehand, or by prophetical illumination are inspired. Hooker.
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Illuminatism (?), n. Illuminism. [R.]
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Illuminative (?), a. [Cf. F. illuminatif.] Tending to illuminate or illustrate; throwing light; illustrative. “Illuminative reading.” Carlyle.
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Illuminator (?), n. [L., an enlightener, LL. also, an illuminator of books.] 1. One whose occupation is to adorn books, especially manuscripts, with miniatures, borders, etc. See , v. t., 3.
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2. A condenser or reflector of light in optical apparatus; also, an illuminant.
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Illumine (?), v. t. [Cf. F. illuminer. See .] To illuminate; to light up; to adorn.
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Illuminee (?), n. [F. illuminé. Cf. .] One of the Illuminati.
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Illuminer (?), n. One who, or that which, illuminates.
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Illuminism (?), n. [Cf. F. illuminisme.] The principles of the Illuminati.
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Illuministic (?), a. Of or pertaining to illuminism, or the Illuminati.
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Illuminize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illuminized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illuminizing (?).] To initiate the doctrines or principles of the Illuminati.
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Illuminous (?), a. Bright; clear. [R.] H. Taylor.
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Illure (?), v. t. [Pref. il- in + lure.] To deceive; to entice; to lure. [Obs.]
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The devil insnareth the souls of many men, by illuring them with the muck and dung of this world. Fuller.
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ill-usage n. 1. cruel or inhumane treatment.
Syn. -- maltreatment, ill-treatment, abuse.
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ill-use v. 1. to treat badly.
Syn. -- mistreat, maltreat, abuse, ill-treat.
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ill-used adj. 1. taken advantage of; treated badly; -- of persons. [wns=1]
Syn. -- exploited, put-upon, used, victimized.
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2. Misapplied.
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Illusion (?), n. [F. illusion, L. illusio, fr. illudere, illusum, to illude. See .] 1. An unreal image presented to the bodily or mental vision; a deceptive appearance; a false show; mockery; hallucination.
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To cheat the eye with blear illusions. Milton.
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2. Hence: Anything agreeably fascinating and charming; enchantment; witchery; glamour.
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Ye soft illusions, dear deceits, arise! Pope.
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3. (Physiol.) A sensation originated by some external object, but so modified as in any way to lead to an erroneous perception; as when the rolling of a wagon is mistaken for thunder.
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☞ Some modern writers distinguish between an illusion and hallucination, regarding the former as originating with some external object, and the latter as having no objective occasion whatever.
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4. A plain, delicate lace, usually of silk, used for veils, scarfs, dresses, etc.

Syn. -- Delusion; mockery; deception; chimera; fallacy. See . , . Illusion refers particularly to errors of the sense; delusion to false hopes or deceptions of the mind. An optical deception is an illusion; a false opinion is a delusion. E. Edwards.
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Illusionable (?), a. Liable to illusion.
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illusionary adj. marked by or producing illusion; as, illusionary stage effects.
Syn. -- illusional.
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Illusionist, n. 1. One given to illusion; a visionary dreamer.
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2. A magician or conjurer who produces illusions by sleight of hand; a prestidigitator.
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Illusive (?), a. [See .] Deceiving by false show; deceitful; deceptive; false; illusory; unreal.
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Truth from illusive falsehood to command. Thomson.
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Illusively, adv. In a illusive manner; falsely.
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Illusiveness, n. The quality of being illusive; deceptiveness; false show.
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Illusory (?), a. [Cf. F. illusore.] Deceiving, or tending of deceive; fallacious; illusive; as, illusory promises or hopes.
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Illustrable (?), a. Capable of illustration. Sir T. Browne.
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Illustrate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Illustrated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Illustrating (?).] [L. illustratus, p. p. of illustrare to illustrate, fr. illustris bright. See .] 1. To make clear, bright, or luminous.
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Here, when the moon illustrates all the sky. Chapman.
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2. To set in a clear light; to exhibit distinctly or conspicuously. Shak.
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To prove him, and illustrate his high worth. Milton.
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3. To make clear, intelligible, or apprehensible; to elucidate, explain, or exemplify, as by means of figures, comparisons, and examples.
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4. To adorn with pictures, as a book or a subject; to elucidate with pictures, as a history or a romance.
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5. To give renown or honor to; to make illustrious; to glorify. [Obs.]
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Matter to me of glory, whom their hate
Illustrates. Milton.
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Illustrate (?), a. [L. illustratus, p. p.] Illustrated; distinguished; illustrious. [Obs.]
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This most gallant, illustrate, and learned gentleman. Shak.
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illustrated adj. provided with pictures; -- of a publication; as, an illustrated weekly. Opposite of unillustrated.
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Illustration (?), n. [L. illustratio: cf. F. illustration.] 1. The act of illustrating; the act of making clear and distinct; education; also, the state of being illustrated, or of being made clear and distinct.
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2. That which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.
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3. A picture designed to decorate a volume or elucidate a literary work.
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Illustrative (?), a. 1. Tending or designed to illustrate, exemplify, or elucidate.
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2. Making illustrious. [Obs.]
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Illustratively, adv. By way of illustration or elucidation. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
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Illustrator (?), n. [L.] One who illustrates.
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Illustratory (?), a. Serving to illustrate.
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Illustrious (?), a. [L. illustris, prob. for illuxtris; fr. il- in + the root of lucidus bright: cf. F. illustre. See .] 1. Possessing luster or brightness; brilliant; luminous; splendid.
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Quench the light; thine eyes are guides illustrious. Beau. & Fl.
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2. Characterized by greatness, nobleness, etc.; eminent; conspicuous; distinguished.
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Illustrious earls, renowened everywhere. Drayton.
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3. Conferring luster or honor; renowned; as, illustrious deeds or titles.

Syn. -- Distinguished; famous; remarkable; brilliant; conspicuous; noted; celebrated; signal; renowened; eminent; exalted; noble; glorious. See , .
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Illustriously, adv. In a illustrious manner; conspicuously; eminently; famously. Milton.
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Illustriousness, n. The state or quality of being eminent; greatness; grandeur; glory; fame.
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Illustrous (?), a. [Pref. il- not + lustrous.] Without luster. [Obs. & R.]
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Illutation (?), n. [Pref. il- in + L. lutum mud: cf. F. illutation.] The act or operation of smearing the body with mud, especially with the sediment from mineral springs; a mud bath.
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Illuxurious (?), a. Not luxurious. [R.] Orrery.
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Ill-will (?). See under , a.
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Ill-wisher (?), n. One who wishes ill to another; an enemy.
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Illy (?), adv. [A word not fully approved, but sometimes used for the adverb ill.]
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Ilmenite (?), n. [So called from Ilmen, a branch of the Ural Mountains.] (Min.) Titanic iron. See .
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Ilmenium (?), n. [NL. See .] (Chem.) A supposed element claimed to have been discovered by R.Harmann.
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Ilvaite (?), n. [From L. Ilva, the island now called Elba.] (Min.) A silicate of iron and lime occurring in black prismatic crystals and columnar masses.
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I'm (?). A contraction of I am.
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Im- (?). A form of the prefix in- not, and in- in. See . Im- also occurs in composition with some words not of Latin origin; as, imbank, imbitter.
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Image (ĭm�j; 48), n. [F., fr. L. imago, imaginis, from the root of imitari to imitate. See , and cf. .] 1. An imitation, representation, or similitude of any person, thing, or act, sculptured, drawn, painted, or otherwise made perceptible to the sight; a visible presentation; a copy; a likeness; an effigy; a picture; a semblance.
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Even like a stony image, cold and numb. Shak.
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Whose is this image and superscription? Matt. xxii. 20.
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This play is the image of a murder done in Vienna. Shak.
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And God created man in his own image. Gen. i. 27.
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2. Hence: The likeness of anything to which worship is paid; an idol. Chaucer.
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Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, . . . thou shalt not bow down thyself to them. Ex. xx. 4, 5.
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3. Show; appearance; cast.
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The face of things a frightful image bears. Dryden.
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4. A representation of anything to the mind; a picture drawn by the fancy; a conception; an idea.
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Can we conceive
Image of aught delightful, soft, or great? Prior.
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5. (Rhet.) A picture, example, or illustration, often taken from sensible objects, and used to illustrate a subject; usually, an extended metaphor. Brande & C.
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6. (Opt.) The figure or picture of any object formed at the focus of a lens or mirror, by rays of light from the several points of the object symmetrically refracted or reflected to corresponding points in such focus; this may be received on a screen, a photographic plate, or the retina of the eye, and viewed directly by the eye, or with an eyeglass, as in the telescope and microscope; the likeness of an object formed by reflection; as, to see one's image in a mirror.
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Coloq. Electrical image . See under . -- Coloq. Image breaker , one who destroys images; an iconoclast. -- Coloq. Image graver , Coloq. Image maker , a sculptor. -- Coloq. Image worship , the worship of images as symbols; iconolatry distinguished from idolatry; the worship of images themselves. -- Coloq. Image Purkinje (Physics), the image of the retinal blood vessels projected in, not merely on, that membrane. -- Coloq. Virtual image (Optics), a point or system of points, on one side of a mirror or lens, which, if it existed, would emit the system of rays which actually exists on the other side of the mirror or lens. Clerk Maxwell.
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Image (ĭm�j; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Imaged (ĭm�jd; 48); p. pr. & vb. n. Imaging (?).] 1. To represent or form an image of; as, the still lake imaged the shore; the mirror imaged her figure. “Shrines of imaged saints.” J. Warton.
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2. To represent to the mental vision; to form a likeness of by the fancy or recollection; to imagine.
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Condemn'd whole years in absence to deplore,
And image charms he must behold no more. Pope.
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Imageable (?), a. That may be imaged. [R.]
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Imageless, a. Having no image. Shelley.
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Imager (?), n. One who images or forms likenesses; a sculptor. [Obs.]
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Praxiteles was ennobled for a rare imager. Holland.
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Imagery (ĭm�jr�; 277), n. [OE. imagerie, F. imagerie.] 1. The work of one who makes images or visible representation of objects; imitation work; images in general, or in mass. “Painted imagery.” Shak.
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In those oratories might you see
Rich carvings, portraitures, and imagery. Dryden.
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2. Fig.: Unreal show; imitation; appearance.
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What can thy imagery of sorrow mean? Prior.
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3. The work of the imagination or fancy; false ideas; imaginary phantasms.
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The imagery of a melancholic fancy. Atterbury.
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4. Rhetorical decoration in writing or speaking; vivid descriptions presenting or suggesting images of sensible objects; figures in discourse.
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I wish there may be in this poem any instance of good imagery. Dryden.
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Imaginability (?), n. Capacity for imagination. [R.] Coleridge.
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Imaginable (?), a. [L. imaginabilis: cf. F. imaginable.] Capable of being imagined; conceivable.
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Men sunk into the greatest darkness imaginable. Tillotson.

-- Imaginableness, n. -- Imaginably, adv.
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Imaginal (?), a. [L. imaginalis.] 1. Characterized by imagination; imaginative; also, given to the use or rhetorical figures or imagins.
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2. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to an imago.
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Coloq. Imaginal disks (Zoöl.), masses of hypodermic cells, carried by the larvæ of some insects after leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult are subsequently formed.
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Imaginant (?), a. [L. imaginans, p. pr. of imaginari: cf. F. imaginant.] Imagining; conceiving. [Obs.] Bacon. -- n. An imaginer. [Obs.] Glanvill.
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Imaginarily (?), a. In a imaginary manner; in imagination. B. Jonson.
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Imaginariness, n. The state or quality of being imaginary; unreality.
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Imaginary (?), a. [L. imaginarius: cf. F. imaginaire.] Existing only in imagination or fancy; not real; fancied; visionary; ideal.
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Wilt thou add to all the griefs I suffer
Imaginary ills and fancied tortures? Addison.
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Coloq. Imaginary calculus See under . -- Coloq. Imaginary expression or Coloq. Imaginary quantity (Alg.), an algebraic expression which involves the impossible operation of taking the square root of a negative quantity; as, √-9, a + b √-1. -- Coloq. Imaginary points , Coloq. lines , Coloq. surfaces , etc. (Geom.), points, lines, surfaces, etc., imagined to exist, although by reason of certain changes of a figure they have in fact ceased to have a real existence.

Syn. -- Ideal; fanciful; chimerical; visionary; fancied; unreal; illusive.
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Imaginary, n. (Alg.) An imaginary expression or quantity.
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Imaginate (?), a. Imaginative. [Obs.] Holland.
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Imagination (?), n. [OE. imaginacionum, F. imagination, fr. L. imaginatio. See .] 1. The imagine-making power of the mind; the power to create or reproduce ideally an object of sense previously perceived; the power to call up mental imagines.
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Our simple apprehension of corporeal objects, if present, is sense; if absent, is imagination. Glanvill.
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Imagination is of three kinds: joined with belief of that which is to come; joined with memory of that which is past; and of things present, or as if they were present. Bacon.
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2. The representative power; the power to reconstruct or recombine the materials furnished by direct apprehension; the complex faculty usually termed the plastic or creative power; the fancy.
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The imagination of common language -- the productive imagination of philosophers -- is nothing but the representative process plus the process to which I would give the name of the “comparative.” Sir W. Hamilton.
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The power of the mind to decompose its conceptions, and to recombine the elements of them at its pleasure, is called its faculty of imagination. I. Taylor.
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The business of conception is to present us with an exact transcript of what we have felt or perceived. But we have moreover a power of modifying our conceptions, by combining the parts of different ones together, so as to form new wholes of our creation. I shall employ the word imagination to express this power. Stewart.
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3. The power to recombine the materials furnished by experience or memory, for the accomplishment of an elevated purpose; the power of conceiving and expressing the ideal.
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The lunatic, the lover, and the poet
Are of imagination all compact . . .
The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling,
Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven,
And as imagination bodies forth
The forms of things unknown, the poet's pen
Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing
A local habitation and a name. Shak.
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4. A mental image formed by the action of the imagination as a faculty; a conception; a notion. Shak.

Syn. -- Conception; idea; conceit; fancy; device; origination; invention; scheme; design; purpose; contrivance. -- , . These words have, to a great extent, been interchanged by our best writers, and considered as strictly synonymous. A distinction, however, is now made between them which more fully exhibits their nature. Properly speaking, they are different exercises of the same general power -- the plastic or creative faculty. Imagination consists in taking parts of our conceptions and combining them into new forms and images more select, more striking, more delightful, more terrible, etc., than those of ordinary nature. It is the higher exercise of the two. It creates by laws more closely connected with the reason; it has strong emotion as its actuating and formative cause; it aims at results of a definite and weighty character. Milton's fiery lake, the debates of his Pandemonium, the exquisite scenes of his Paradise, are all products of the imagination. Fancy moves on a lighter wing; it is governed by laws of association which are more remote, and sometimes arbitrary or capricious. Hence the term fanciful, which exhibits fancy in its wilder flights. It has for its actuating spirit feelings of a lively, gay, and versatile character; it seeks to please by unexpected combinations of thought, startling contrasts, flashes of brilliant imagery, etc. Pope's Rape of the Lock is an exhibition of fancy which has scarcely its equal in the literature of any country. -- “This, for instance, Wordsworth did in respect of the words ‘imagination' and ‘fancy.' Before he wrote, it was, I suppose, obscurely felt by most that in ‘imagination' there was more of the earnest, in ‘fancy' of the play of the spirit; that the first was a loftier faculty and gift than the second; yet for all this words were continually, and not without loss, confounded. He first, in the preface to his Lyrical Ballads, rendered it henceforth impossible that any one, who had read and mastered what he has written on the two words, should remain unconscious any longer of the important difference between them.” Trench.
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The same power, which we should call fancy if employed on a production of a light nature, would be dignified with the title of imagination if shown on a grander scale. C. J. Smith.
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