Isolator - Issue

Isolator (īs�lātẽr or īs�lātẽr), n. One who, or that which, isolates.
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Isologous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. logos proportion.] (Chem.) Having similar proportions, similar relations, or similar differences of composition; -- said specifically of groups or series which differ by a constant difference; as, ethane, ethylene, and acetylene, or their analogous compounds, form an isologous series.
[ Webster]

Isomer (īs�mẽr), n. [See .] (Chem.) A compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a compound having the same chemical composition as another compound; a member of an isomeric series.
[ Webster +PJC]

☞ An isomer may be a structural isomer, in which some of the atoms are bonded to different atoms (as in CH3.CH2.NH2 and CH3.NH.CH3), or an optical isomer, in which the number and types of chemical bonds are identical, but the arrangement of the atoms in three-dimensional space is different; the latter are also called stereoisomers.
[PJC]

Isomere (?), n. [Iso- + -mere.] (Zoöl.) 1. A homologous or corresponding part or segment.
[Webster Suppl.]

2. (Chem.) same as . [archaic]
[Webster Suppl. +PJC]

isomeric (īs�mĕrĭk), a. [Iso- + Gr. meros part: cf. F. isomérique.] (Chem.) Having the same chemical composition and molecular weight; having the same number of atoms of each kind in the molecule; -- said of chemical compounds with known chemical composition. This property used to be called metameric to distinguish it from other forms of isomerism.
[PJC]

☞ Formerly the term isomeric applied also to comopounds having the same percentage chemical composition, even if the number of atoms in a molecule differed. In the dictionary isomeric was defined as:
“Having the same percentage composition; -- said of two or more different substances which contain the same ingredients in the same proportions by weight, often used with with. Specif.: (a) Polymeric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight, but with different molecular weights; as, acetylene and benzine are isomeric (polymeric) with each other in this sense. See . (b) Metameric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportions by weight, and with the same molecular weight, but with a different structure or arrangement of the ultimate parts; as, ethyl alcohol and methyl ether are isomeric (metameric) with each other in this sense. See .”
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Isomeride (?), n. (Chem.) An isomer. [R.]
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Isomerism (?), n. (Chem.) The state, quality, or relation, of two or more isomeric substances.
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Coloq. Physical isomerism (Chem.), a former term for optical isomerism. Coloq. optical isomerism (Chem.), the condition or relation of certain (isomeric) substances, which, while chemically identical (in that they have the same composition, the same molecular weights, and the same ultimate constitution), are yet physically different, as in their action on polarized light, as dextro- and lævo-tartaric acids, or the sugars galactose and glucose. In such compounds there is usually at least one unsymmetrical carbon atom and typically more than one. See .
[ Webster +PJC]

Isomeromorphism (?), n. [Isomer + Gr. morfh form + -ism.] (Crystallog.) Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric.

{ Isometric (?), Isometrical (?), } a. [Iso- + Gr. metron measure.] 1. Pertaining to, or characterized by, equality of measure.
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2. (Crystallog.) Noting, or conforming to, that system of crystallization in which the three axes are of equal length and at right angles to each other; monometric; regular; cubic. Cf. .
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3. Of or pertaining to isometrics.
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Coloq. Isometric lines (Thermodynamics), lines representing in a diagram the relations of pressure and temperature in a gas, when the volume remains constant. -- Coloq. Isometrical perspective . See under . -- Coloq. Isometrical projection , a species of orthographic projection, in which but a single plane of projection is used. It is so named from the fact that the projections of three equal lines, parallel respectively to three rectangular axes, are equal to one another. This kind of projection is principally used in delineating buildings or machinery, in which the principal lines are parallel to three rectangular axes, and the principal planes are parallel to three rectangular planes passing through the three axes.
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isometric exercise (?), n. A system of exercise to strengthen specific muscles of the body by pushing parts of the body (such as the two hands) strongly against each other, or against a fixed object, so that the muscles are strongly stressed, but are stretched only a little. It is claimed to produce strength in the muscles thus exercised. Also called isometrics.
[PJC]

isometrics (?), n. Same as .
[PJC]

Isomorph (?), n. [See .] 1. A substance which is similar to another in crystalline form and composition.
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2. (Biol.) An animal, plant, or group having superficial similarity to another, although phylogenetically different.
[Webster Suppl.]

Isomorphic (?), a. 1. Isomorphous.
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2. (Biol.) Alike in form; exhibiting isomorphism.
[Webster Suppl.]

3. Of or pertaining to sets related by an isomorphism.
[PJC]

Isomorphism (?), n. [Cf. F. isomorphisme.] 1. (Crystallog.) A similarity of crystalline form between substances of similar composition, as between the sulphates of barium (BaSO4) and strontium (SrSO4). It is sometimes extended to include similarity of form between substances of unlike composition, which is more properly called homœomorphism.

2. (Math.) A one-to-one mapping of one set onto another set which preserves the relations between the elements of the domains of the sets.
[PJC]

Isomorphous (?), a. [Iso- + -morphous.] Having the quality of isomorphism.
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Isonandra (?), prop. n. [Iso- + Gr. �, �, a man, male.] (Bot.) A genus of sapotaceous trees of India. Isonandra Gutta is the principal source of gutta-percha.
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Isonephelic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. � a cloud.] (Phys. Geog.) Having, or indicating, an equal amount of cloudiness for a given period; as, isonephelic regions; an isonephelic line.
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Isonicotine (?), n. [Iso- + nicotine.] (Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous base, C10H14N2, isomeric with nicotine.
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Isonicotinic (?), a. (Chem.) (a) Pertaining to, or derived from, isonicotine. (b) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid isomeric with nicotinic acid.
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Isonitroso- (?). [Iso- + nitroso-.] (Chem.) A combining form (also used adjectively), signifying: Pertaining to, or designating, the characteristic, nitrogenous radical, NOH, called the isonitroso group.
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Isonomic (?), a. [Gr. �; 'isos equal + nomos law.] The same, or equal, in law or right; one in kind or origin; analogous; similar. Dana.
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Isonomy (?), n. [Gr. �: cf. F. isonomie. See .] Equal law or right; equal distribution of rights and privileges; similarity.
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Isopathy (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. � suffering.] (Med.) (a) The system which undertakes to cure a disease by means of the virus of the same disease. (b) The theory of curing a diseased organ by eating the analogous organ of a healthy animal. Mayne. (c) The doctrine that the power of therapeutics is equal to that of the causes of disease.
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Isopepsin (?), n. [Iso- + pepsin.] (Physiol. Chem.) Pepsin modified by exposure to a temperature of from 40° to 60° C.
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Isoperimetrical (?), a. [Gr. �; � equal + � circumference: cf. F. isopérimètre. See .] (Geom.) Having equal perimeters of circumferences; as, isoperimetrical figures or bodies.
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Isoperimetry (?), n. (Geom.) The science of figures having equal perimeters or boundaries.
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Isopiestic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. � to press.] (Thermodynamics) Having equal pressure.
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Coloq. Isopiestic lines , lines showing, in a diagram, the relations of temperature and volume, when the elastic force is constant; -- called also isobars.
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Isopleura (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) A subclass of Gastropoda, in which the body is symmetrical, the right and left sides being equal.
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☞ The intestine terminates at the posterior end of the body, and the gills and circulatory and reproductive organs are paired. It includes the chitons (Polyplacophora), together with Neomenia and Chætoderma, which are wormlike forms without a shell.
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Isopod (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having the legs similar in structure; belonging to the Isopoda. -- n. One of the Isopoda.
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Isopoda (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) An order of sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven pairs of legs, which are all similar in structure.
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☞ The body is usually depressed, with the abdominal segments short, and often consolidated in part. The branchiæ are on the abdominal appendages. The group includes the terrestrial pill bugs and sow bugs, with numerous marine forms. See , .
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Isopodiform (?), a. [Isopod + -form.] (Zoöl.) Having the shape of an isopod; -- said of the larvæ of certain insects.
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Isopodous (?), a. Same as .
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Isopogonous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. � beard.] (Zoöl.) Having the two webs equal in breadth; -- said of feathers.
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Isoprene (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Chem.) An oily, volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon (C5H8), obtained by the distillation of caoutchouc or gutta-percha, and used to make synthetic rubber by polymerization. In organic chemistry, it is viewed conceptually as the building block of the terpene series of hydrocarbons.
[ Webster +PJC]

Isopycnic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. pyknos dense.] (Physics) Having equal density, as different regions of a medium; passing through points at which the density is equal; as, an isopycnic line or surface.
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Isopycnic, n. (Physics) A line or surface passing through those points in a medium, at which the density is the same.
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Isorcin (?), n. [Iso- + orcin.] (Chem.) A crystalline hydrocarbon derivative, metameric with orcin, but produced artificially; -- called also cresorcin.
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Isorropic (?), a. [Gr. 'isorropos in equipoise; 'isos equal + roph downward inclination or momentum.] Of equal value.
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Coloq. Isorropic line (in a diagram) (Geom.), the locus of all the points for which a specified function has a constant value. Newcomb.
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Isosceles (?), a. [L., fr. Gr. �; 'isos equal + � leg.] (Geom.) Having two legs or sides that are equal; -- said of a triangle.
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isosmotic adj. having the same or equal osmotic pressure; isotonic; -- used of solutions. Contrasted with hypertonic and hypotonic
Syn. -- isotonic.
[WordNet 1.5]

Isospondyli (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. 'isos equal + �, �, a vertebra.] (Zoöl.) An extensive order of fishes, including the salmons, herrings, and many allied forms.
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Isospondylous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Isospondyli; having the anterior vertebræ separate and normal.
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Isospore (?), n. (Biol.) (a) One of the spores produced by an isosporous organism. (b) A zygospore.
[Webster Suppl.]

Isosporic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. sporos fruit.] (Bot.) Producing but one kind of spore, as the ferns and Equiseta. Cf. .
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Isosporous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. sporos fruit.] (Biol.) Producing but one kind of spore, as the ferns.
[Webster Suppl.]

Isostasy (?), n. [See ; .] The state or quality of being isostatic. Specif. (Geol.), general equilibrium in the earth's crust, supposed to be maintained by the yielding or flow of rock material beneath the surface under gravitative stress. By the theory of isostasy each unit column of the earth, from surface to center, has approximately the same weight, and the continents stand higher than the ocean beds chiefly because the material of the crust has there less density.
[Webster Suppl.]

Isostatic (?), a. [Iso- + static.] (Physics & Geol.) Subjected to equal pressure from every side; being in hydrostatic equilibrium, as a body submerged in a liquid at rest; pertaining to, or characterized by, isostasy.
[Webster Suppl.]

Isostemonous (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. sthmwn thread.] (Bot.) Having exactly as many stamens as petals.
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Isostemony (?), n. (Bot.) The quality or state of being isostemonous.
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Isosulphocyanate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of isosulphocyanic acid.
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Isosulphocyanic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, HNCS, isomeric with sulphocyanic acid.
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Isotheral (?), a. Having the nature of an isothere; indicating the distribution of temperature by means of an isothere; as, an isotheral chart or line.
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Isothere (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. � summer, � to heat.] (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the same mean summer temperature.
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Isotherm (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. � heat, fr. � hot.] 1. (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface having the same temperature. This may be the temperature for a given time of observation, or the mean temperature for a year or other period. Also, a similar line based on the distribution of temperature in the ocean.
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2. (Physics) A line on a graph connecting points representing states having the same temperature; an isothermal line.
[PJC]

Isothermal (?), a. [Cf. F. isotherme.] (a) Relating to equality of temperature, or an isotherm. (b) (Phys. Geog.) Having reference to the geographical distribution of temperature, as exhibited by means of isotherms; as, an isothermal line; an isothermal chart.
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Coloq. Isothermal line . (a) An isotherm. (b) A line drawn on a diagram of energy such that its ordinates represent the pressures of a substance corresponding to various volumes, while the absolute temperature is maintained at a constant value. -- Coloq. Isothermal zones , spaces on opposite sides of the equator having the same mean temperature, and bounded by corresponding isothermal lines.
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Isothermobath (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. � hot + � depth.] (Phys. Geog) A line drawn through points of equal temperature in a vertical section of the ocean.
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Isothermobathic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an isothermobath; possessing or indicating equal temperatures in a vertical section, as of the ocean.
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Isotherombrose (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. qeros summer + 'ombros rain.] (Phys. Geog) A line connecting or marking points on the earth's surface, which have the same mean summer rainfall.
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Isotonic (?), a. [Iso- + tonic.] 1. Having or indicating, equal tones, or tension.
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2. (Physiology, Biochemistry) Having an osmotic pressure (tonicity) equal to that of a reference solution; -- of aqueous solutions. Contrasting with hypotonic and hypertonic. See .
[PJC]

A knowledge of the colligative properties of solutions . . . is essential for one to understand fully the principles involved in rendering intravenous solutions isotonic with blood serum, or opthalmic solutions isotonic with lachrymal fluid. Solutions thus adjusted produce less shock and much less irritation than those which are hypotonic or hypertonic, and present-day practise recognizes the desirability of making the necessary adjustments whenever possible. Cook & Martin (Remington's Practice of Pharmacy, Tenth Ed.: Mack Publ., Easton Pa., 1951)

Coloq. Isotonic system (Mus.), a system consisting of intervals, in which each concord is alike tempered, and in which there are twelve equal semitones.
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Isotrimorphic (?), a. Isotrimorphous.
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Isotrimorphism (?), n. [Iso- + Gr. � thrice + morfh form.] Isomorphism between the three forms, severally, of two trimorphous substances.
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Isotrimorphous (?), a. Having the quality of isotrimorphism; isotrimorphic.
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Isotropic (?), a. [Iso- + Gr. � a turning, fr. � to turn.] (Physics) Having the same properties in all directions; specifically, equally elastic in all directions.
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Isotropism (?), n. Isotropy.
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Isotropous (?), a. Isotropic.
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Isotropy (?), n. (Physics) Uniformity of physical properties in all directions in a body; absence of all kinds of polarity; specifically, equal elasticity in all directions.
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Isouric (?), a. [Iso- + uric.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid, isomeric with uric acid.
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Israelite (?), n. [L. Israëlites, Gr. �, fr. �, �, Israel, Heb. Yisrāēl, i. e., champion of God; sārāh to fight + ēl God.] A descendant of Israel, or Jacob; a Hebrew; a Jew.

{ Israelitic (?), Israelitish (?), } a. Of or pertaining to Israel, or to the Israelites; Jewish; Hebrew.
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Issuable (?), a. [From .]
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1. Leading to, producing, or relating to, an issue; capable of being made an issue at law. Burrill.
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2. Lawful or suitable to be issued; as, a writ issuable on these grounds.
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Coloq. Issuable plea (Law), a plea to the merits, on which the adverse party may take issue and proceed to trial.
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Issuably (?), adv. In an issuable manner; by way of issue; as, to plead issuably.
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Issuance (ĭsh��ns), n. The act of issuing, or giving out; as, the issuance of an order; the issuance of rations, and the like.
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Issuant (ĭsh��nt), a. (Her.) Issuing or coming up; -- a term used to express a charge or bearing rising or coming out of another.
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Issue (ĭsh�), n. [OF. issue, eissue, F. issue, fr. OF. issir, eissir, to go out, L. exire; ex out of, from + ire to go, akin to Gr. 'ienai, Skr. i, Goth. iddja went, used as prefect of gaggan to go. Cf. , a nobleman, , , , , , went.]
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1. The act of passing or flowing out; a moving out from any inclosed place; egress; as, the issue of water from a pipe, of blood from a wound, of air from a bellows, of people from a house.
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2. The act of sending out, or causing to go forth; delivery; issuance; as, the issue of an order from a commanding officer; the issue of money from a treasury.
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3. That which passes, flows, or is sent out; the whole quantity sent forth or emitted at one time; as, an issue of bank notes; the daily issue of a newspaper.
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4. Progeny; a child or children; offspring. In law, sometimes, in a general sense, all persons descended from a common ancestor; all lineal descendants.
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If the king
Should without issue die. Shak.
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5. Produce of the earth, or profits of land, tenements, or other property; as, A conveyed to B all his right for a term of years, with all the issues, rents, and profits.
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6. A discharge of flux, as of blood. Matt. ix. 20.
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7. (Med.) An artificial ulcer, usually made in the fleshy part of the arm or leg, to produce the secretion and discharge of pus for the relief of some affected part.
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8. The final outcome or result; upshot; conclusion; event; hence, contest; test; trial.
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Come forth to view
The issue of the exploit. Shak.
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While it is hot, I 'll put it to the issue. Shak.
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9. A point in debate or controversy on which the parties take affirmative and negative positions; a presentation of alternatives between which to choose or decide; a point of contention; a matter in controversy.
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10. (Law) In pleading, a single material point of law or fact depending in the suit, which, being affirmed on the one side and denied on the other, is presented for determination. See General issue, under , and Feigned issue, under . Blount. Cowell.
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Coloq. At issue , in controversy; disputed; opposing or contesting; hence, at variance; disagreeing; inconsistent.
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As much at issue with the summer day
As if you brought a candle out of doors. Mrs. Browning.
-- Coloq. Bank of issue , Coloq. Collateral issue , etc. See under , , etc. -- Coloq. Issue pea , a pea, or a similar round body, used to maintain irritation in a wound, and promote the secretion and discharge of pus. -- Coloq. To join issue , or Coloq. To take issue , to take opposing sides in a matter in controversy.
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Issue, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Issued (ĭsh�d); p. pr. & vb. n. Issuing.]
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