Nemaline - Nephalism

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Nemaline (nĕmȧlīn), a. [L. nema thread, Gr. nh^ma, fr. neein to spin.] (Min.) Having the form of threads; fibrous.
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Nemalite (?), n. [Gr. nh^ma thread + -lite: cf. F. némalite.] (Min.) A fibrous variety of brucite.
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Nematelmia (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Nemathecium (? or �), n.; pl. Nemathecia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. nh^ma a thread + � a box.] (Bot.) A peculiar kind of fructification on certain red algæ, consisting of an external mass of filaments at length separating into tetraspores.
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{ Nemathelminthes (?), Nematelminthes (?) }, prop. n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) An order of helminths, including the Nematoidea and Gordiacea; the roundworms. [Written also Nematelminthea.]
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nemato- (?). A combining form from Gr. nh^ma, nhmatos, a thread.
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nematoblast (?), n. [Nemato- + -blast.] (Biol.) A spermatocyte or spermoblast.
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Nematocalyx (?), n.; pl. Nematocalyces (#), E. Nematocalyxes (#). [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) One of a peculiar kind of cups, or calicles, found upon hydroids of the family Plumularidæ. They contain nematocysts. See .
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Nematocera (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. nh^ma, nhmatos, a thread + keras horn.] (Zoöl.) A suborder of dipterous insects, having long antennæ, as the mosquito, gnat, and crane fly; -- called also Nemocera.
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nematocidal (nĕmăt�sīd�l), a. Having the property of killing nematodes; lethal to nematodes. [Also spelled nematicidal.]
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nematocide (nĕmȧt�sīd or nĭmăt�sīd), n. A substance that kills nematodes, especially one used in medicine or to kill plant pathogens. [Also spelled nematicide.]
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Nematocyst (?), n. [Nemato- + cyst.] (Zoöl.) A lasso cell, or thread cell. See , under .
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Nematoda (?), prop. n. pl. (Zoöl.) A phylum of worms, having a long, round, and generally smooth body; the roundworms. They are mostly parasites, in plants and animals, but some are free-living in soil or water. Also called Nematoidea.
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nematode (?), a. (Zoöl.) Same as .
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nematode (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any worm of the phylum Nematoda; a roundworm; -- they are unsegmented worms having a cylindrical elongated body. They may live freely in soil or water, or as parasites in plants or animals.
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Nematogene (?), n. [Nemato- + root of Gr. � to be born.] (Zoöl.) One of the dimorphic forms of the species of Dicyemata, which produced vermiform embryos; -- opposed to rhombogene.
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Nematognath (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Nematognathi.
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Nematognathi (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) An order of fishes having barbels on the jaws. It includes the catfishes, or siluroids. See .
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Nematoid (?), a. [Nemato- + -oid.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Nematoda. -- n. One of the Nematoda. See Illustration in Appendix.
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Nematoidea (?), prop. n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. nh^ma, nhmatos, thread + -oid.] (Zoöl.) A phylum of worms, having a long, round, and generally smooth body; the roundworms. Called also Nematodea, and more commonly Nematoda. Formerly, it was classed as a taxonomic order.
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☞ The trichina, stomach worm, and pinworm of man belong to this group. See also Vinegar eel, under , and .
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Nematoidean (?), a. & n. (Zoöl.) Nematoid.
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Nematophora (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. nh^ma, nhmatos, a thread + ferein to bear.] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Nemean (nēm��n; 277), a. [L. Nemeus, fr. Nemea, Gr. Nemeh.] Of or pertaining to Nemea, in Argolis, where the ancient Greeks celebrated games, and Hercules killed a lion.
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Nemertean (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Nemertina. -- n. One of the Nemertina.
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Nemertes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. nhmerths unerring.] (Zoöl.) A genus of Nemertina.
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Nemertian (?), a. & n. (Zoöl.) Nemertean.
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Nemertid (?), a. & n. (Zoöl.) Nemertean.
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Nemertida (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) Nemertina.
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Nemertina (nĕmẽrtīnȧ), prop. n. pl. [NL. See .] (Zoöl.) An order of helminths usually having a long, slender, smooth, often bright-colored body, covered with minute vibrating cilia; -- called also Nemertea, Nemertida, and Rhynchocœla.
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☞ The mouth is beneath the head, and the straight intestine at the posterior end. They have a very singular long tubular proboscis, which can be everted from a pore in the front of the head. Their nervous system and blood vessels are well developed. Some of the species become over one hundred feet long. They are mostly marine and seldom parasitic; a few inhabit fresh water. The two principal divisions are Anopla and Enopla.
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nemertine n. Any of an order (Nemertina) of soft unsegmented marine worms having an eversible threadlike proboscis and the ability to stretch and contract.
Syn. -- ribbon worm, nemertean, proboscis worm.
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Nemesis (nĕm�sĭs), prop. n. [L., fr. Gr. Nemesis, orig., distribution, fr. nemein to distribute. See .] (Class. Myth.) The goddess of retribution or vengeance; hence, retributive justice personified; divine vengeance.
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This is that ancient doctrine of nemesis who keeps watch in the universe, and lets no offense go unchastised. Emerson.
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Nemophilist (?), n. [See .] One who is fond of forest or forest scenery; a haunter of the woods. [R.]
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Nemophily (?), n. [Gr. nemos wooded pasture, glade + filei^n to love.] Fondness for forest scenery; love of the woods. [R.]
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Nemoral (?), a. [L. nemoralis, fr. nemus, nemoris, a wood or grove: cf. F. némoral.] Of or pertaining to a wood or grove. [R.]
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Nemorous (?), a. [L. nemorosus.] Woody. [R.]
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Paradise itself was but a kind of nemorous temple. Evelyn.
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Nempne (?), v. t. [AS. nemnan to name or call. See , v.] To name or call. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Nempt (?), p. p. of . Called; named. [Obs.]
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Nems (nĕmz), n. (Zoöl.) The ichneumon.
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Nenia (?), n. [L. nenia, naenia.] A funeral song; an elegy.
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Nenuphar (nĕn�fär), n. [F. nénufar: cf. Sp. nenúfar, It. nenufár; all fr. Per. nīlūfar.] (Bot.) The great white water lily of Europe; the Nymphæa alba.
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Neo- (�). [Gr. neos youthful, new. See .] A prefix meaning new, recent, late; and in chemistry designating specifically that variety of metameric hydrocarbons which, when the name was applied, had been recently classified, and in which at least one carbon atom is connected directly with four other carbon atoms; -- contrasted with normal and iso-; as, neopentane; the neoparaffins. Also used adjectively.
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Neocarida (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. neos new + �, �, a kind of crustacean.] (Zoöl.) The modern, or true, Crustacea, as distinguished from the Merostomata.
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Neocene (?), a. [Neo- + Gr. neos new.] (Geol.) More recent than the Eocene, that is, including both the Miocene and Pliocene divisions of the Tertiary.
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Neo-Christianity (? or ?), n. [Neo- + Christianity.] Rationalism.
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Neoclassic, Neoclassical (?), a. [Neo- + classic.] Belonging to, or designating, the modern revival or adaptation of classical, esp. Greco-Roman, style, taste and manner of work in architecture, arts, literature, etc.
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Neoclassic architecture. All that architecture which, since the beginning of the Italian Renaissance, about 1420, has been designed with deliberate imitation of Greco-Roman buildings.
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neoclassicism n. a revival of the classical Greek and Roman style in art or literature.
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neoclassicist n. an advocate of neoclassicism.
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neocolonialism n. Control by a powerful country of its former colonies (or other less developed countries) by economic pressures. In contrast to colonialism, in which one country controls another territory by military force.
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Neocomian (?), n. [From Neocomium, the Latin name of Neuchatel, in Switzerland, where these rocks occur.] (Geol.) A term applied to the lowest deposits of the Cretaceous or chalk formation of Europe, being the lower greensand.
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Neocomian, a. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to the lower greensand.
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neocortex n. The cortical part of the neencephalon; the most recently evolved part of the cerebral cortex of the brain of higher animals, and the site of most of the higher brain functions; called also neopallium.
Syn. -- neopallium.
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neocortical adj. Of or pertaining to the neocortex.
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Neocosmic (?), a. [Neo- + cosmic.] Of or pertaining to the universe in its present state; specifically, pertaining to the races of men known to history.
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Neocracy (?), n. [Neo-+ -cracy, as in aristocracy.] Government by new or inexperienced hands; upstart rule; raw or untried officials.
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Neocriticism (?), n. [Neo- + classicism.] The form of Neo-Kantianism developed by French idealists, following C. Renouvier. It rejects the noumena of Kant, restricting knowledge to phenomena as constituted by a priori categories.
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Neodamode (n�ŏdȧmōd), n. [Gr. neodamwdhs; neos new + da^mos, dh^mos, the people + e'i^dos shape.] In ancient Sparta, one of those Helots who were freed by the state in reward for military service. Milford.
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Neo-Darwinism (?), n. The theory which holds natural selection, as explained by Darwin, to be the chief factor in the evolution of plants and animals, and denies the inheritance of acquired characters; -- esp. opposed to Neo-Lamarckism. Weismannism is an example of extreme Neo-Darwinism. -- Neo-Darwinian, a. & n.
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Neodymium (?), n. [NL. Dee , and .] (Chem.) The chemical element of atomic number 60, one of the rare earth elements. Symbol Nd. Atomic weight 144.27. It is a rare metallic element occurring in combination with cerium, lanthanum, and other rare metals, and forming amethyst-colored salts. It was originally thought to be part of a supposed new element didymium, obtained from cerite in 1843. Later this was resolved into two elements, neodymium and praesodymium by von Welsbach in 1885. It is chiefly trivalent. It is a faintly yellow metal.
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Neogæan (nē�jē�n), a. [Neo- + Gr. gai^a earth.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the New World, or Western Hemisphere.
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Neogamist (n�ŏgȧmĭst), n. [Gr. neogamos newly married.] A person recently married.
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Neogen (nē�jĕn), n. [Neo- + -gen.] (Chem.) An alloy resembling silver, and consisting chiefly of copper, zinc, and nickel, with small proportions of tin, aluminium, and bismuth. Ure.
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Neogrammarian (?), n. [Neo- + grammarian; a translation of G. junggrammatiker.] One of a group of philologists who apply phonetic laws more widely and strictly than was formerly done, and who maintain that these laws admit of no real exceptions. -- Neogrammatical (#), a.
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Neography (?), n. [Neo- + -graphy.] A new method or system of writing.
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Neo-Greek, n. A member of a body of French painters (F. les néo-Grecs) of the middle 19th century. The term is rather one applied by outsiders to certain artists of grave and refined style, such as Hamon and Aubert, than a name adopted by the artists themselves.
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Neo-Hebraic, a. Of, pert. to, or designating, modern Hebrew, or Hebrew of later date than the Biblical.
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Neo-Hebraic, n. The modern Hebrew language.
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Neo-Hegelian, a. Of or pertaining to Neo-Hegelianism.
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Neo-Hegelian, n. An adherent of Neo-Hegelianism.
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Neo-Hegelianism, n. The philosophy of a school of British and American idealists who follow Hegel in dialectical or logical method and in the general outcome of their doctrine. The founders and leaders of Neo-Hegelianism include: in England, T. H. Green (1836-1882); in Scotland, J. Caird (1820-98) and E. Caird (1835-1908); in the United States, W. T. Harris (1835-1909) and Josiah Royce (1855- -).
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Neo-Hellenic, n. Same as .
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Neo-Hellenism (?), n. Hellenism as surviving or revival in modern times; the practice or pursuit of ancient Greek ideals in modern life, art, or literature, as in the Renaissance.
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Neoimpressionism (nē�ĭmprĕshŭnĭz'm), n. (Painting) A theory or practice which is a further development, on more rigorously scientific lines, of the theory and practice of Impressionism, originated by George Seurat (1859-91), and carried on by Paul Signac (1863- -) and others. Its method is marked by the laying of pure primary colors in minute dots upon a white ground, any given line being produced by a variation in the proportionate quantity of the primary colors employed. This method is also known as Pointillism (stippling).
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Neo-Kantian, a. Of or pertaining to Neo-Kantianism.
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Neo-Kantian, n. An adherent of Neo-Kantianism.
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Neo-Kantianism, n. The philosophy of modern thinkers who follow Kant in his general theory of knowledge, esp. of a group of German philosophers including F. A. Lange, H. Cohen, Paul Natorp, and others.
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Neo-Lamarckism, n. (Biol.) Lamarckism as revived, modified, and expounded by recent biologists, esp. as maintaining that the offspring inherits characters acquired by the parent from change of environment, use or disuse of parts, etc.; -- opposed of Neo-Darwinism (which see, above). This theory has been thoroughly discredited, though it had some support for a time in the Soviet Union due to the influence of the biologist Lysenko.-- Neo-Lamarckian, a. & n.
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Neo-Latin (?), a. [Neo- + Latin.] Applied to the Romance languages, as being mostly of Latin origin.
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neoliberalism n. A political orientation originating in the 1960s, blending liberal political views with an emphasis on economic growth.
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Neolithic (?), a. [Neo- + -lith + -ic.] (Archæol. & Geol.) Of or pertaining to, or designating, an era characterized by late remains in stone; the late stone age. Estimated as beginning around 9000 b. c. in the Middle East, this period is characterized by the beginnings of farming, the domestication of animals, and the manufacture of textiles and pottery.
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The Neolithic era includes the latter half of the “Stone age;” the human relics which belong to it are associated with the remains of animals not yet extinct. The kitchen middens of Denmark, the lake dwellings of Switzerland, and the stockaded islands, or “crannogs,” of the British Isles, belong to this era. Lubbock.
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Neologian (?), a. Neologic; neological.
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Neologian, n. A neologist.
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Neologianism (?), n. Neologism.
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{ Neologic (?), Neological (?) }, a. [Cf. F. néologique.] Of or pertaining to neology; employing new words; of the nature of, or containing, new words or new doctrines.
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A genteel neological dictionary. Chesterfield.
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Neologically, adv. In a neological manner.
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Neologism (?), n. [Cf. F. néologisme.] 1. The introduction of new words, or the use of old words in a new sense. Mrs. Browning.
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2. A new word, phrase, or expression.
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3. A new doctrine; specifically, rationalism.
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Neologist (?), n. [Cf. F. néologiste.] 1. One who introduces new words or new senses of old words into a language.
Syn. -- verbarian.
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2. An innovator in any doctrine or system of belief, especially in theology; one who introduces or holds doctrines subversive of supernatural or revealed religion; a rationalist, so-called.
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{ Neologistic (?), Neologistical (?) }, a. Of or pertaining to neology; neological.
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Neologization (?), n. The act or process of neologizing.
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Neologize (?), v. i. 1. To introduce or use new words or terms or new uses of old words.
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2. To introduce innovations in doctrine, esp. in theological doctrine.
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Neology (?), n. [Neo- + -logy: cf. F. néologie.] 1. The introduction of a new word, or of words or significations, into a language; as, the present nomenclature of chemistry is a remarkable instance of neology.
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2. A new doctrine; esp. (Theol.), a doctrine at variance with the received interpretation of revealed truth; a new method of theological interpretation; rationalism.
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Neo-Malthusian, a. Designating, or pertaining to, a group of modern economists who hold to the Malthusianism doctrine that permanent betterment of the general standard of living is impossible without decrease of competition by limitation of the number of births. -- Neo-Malthusian, Neo-Malthusianism, n.
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Neomenia (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �; neos new + mhn month.] The time of the new moon; the beginning of the month in the lunar calendar.
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Neomenoidea (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Neomenia, a representative genus (See ) + -oid.] (Zoöl.) A division of vermiform gastropod mollusks, without a shell, belonging to the Isopleura.
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Neomorph (?), n. [Neo- + Gr. � form.] (Biol.) A structure, part, or organ developed independently, that is, not derived from a similar structure, part, or organ, in a preexisting form.
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neonatal adj. 1. of or pertaining to a neonate; as, neonatal care; a neonatal unit at a hospital.
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2. newly born; recently born.
Syn. -- newborn.
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neonate (nē�nāt), n. A newborn child, especially one less than one month old.
Syn. -- baby, babe, infant.
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Neonism (?), n. Neologism.
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Neonomian (?), n. [Neo- + Gr. � law.] One who advocates adheres to new laws; esp. one who holds or believes that the gospel is a new law.
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Neonomian, a. Of or pertaining to the Neonomians, or in accordance with their doctrines.
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Neonomianism (?), n. The doctrines or belief of the neonomians.
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Neopaganism, n. [Neo- + paganism.] Revived or new paganism.
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neopallium n. The .
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Neophyte (nē�fīt), n. [L. neophytis, Gr. neofytos, prop., newly planted; neos new + fytos grown, fyton that which has grown, a plant, fr. fyein to grow: cf. F. néophyte. See , and .] 1. A new convert or proselyte; -- a name given by the early Christians, and still given by the Roman Catholics, to such as have recently embraced the Christian faith, and been admitted to baptism, esp. to converts from heathenism or Judaism.
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2. Hence: A novice; a tyro; a beginner in anything.
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Neoplasia (nē�plāzhĭȧ), n. [NL., fr. Gr. neos new + plassein to form, mold.] (Physiol. & Med.) Growth or development of new material; neoplasty.
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Neoplasm (nē�plăz'm), n. [See .] (Physiol. & Med.) A new formation or tissue, the product of morbid action.
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Neoplastic (nē�plăstĭk), a. (Physiol. & Med.) Of or pertaining to neoplasty, or neoplasia.
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Neoplasty (nē�plăst�), n. [See .] (Physiol. & Med.) Restoration of a part by granulation, adhesive inflammation, or autoplasty.
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Neoplatonic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, Neoplatonism or the Neoplatonists.
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Neoplatonician (?), n. A Neoplatonist.
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Neoplatonism (?), n. [Neo- + Platonism.] A pantheistic eclectic school of philosophy, of which Plotinus was the chief (a. d. 205-270), and which sought to reconcile the Platonic and Aristotelian systems with Oriental theosophy. It tended to mysticism and theurgy, and was the last product of Greek philosophy.
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Neoplatonist (?), n. One who held to Neoplatonism; a member of the Neoplatonic school.
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Neorama (? or ?), n. [Gr. � temple + � a view.] A panorama of the interior of a building, seen from within.
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Neo-Scholastic, a. Of or pert. to Neo-Scholasticism.
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Neo-Scholasticism, n. The modern revival of the Scholastic philosophy, esp. of that of Thomas Aquinas, with critical revision to suit the exigencies of the general advance in learning. The Neo-Scholastic movement received a great impetus from Leo XIII.'s interest in it.
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Neossine (?), n. [Gr. neossia a bird's nest.] The substance constituting the edible bird's nest.
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Neossology (?), n. [Gr. � a young bird + -logy.] (Zoöl.) The study of young birds.
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{ Neoteric (?), Neoterical (?) }, a. [L. neotericus, Gr. newterikos, fr. newteros, compar. of neos young, new.] Recent in origin; modern; new. “Our neoteric verbs.” Fitzed. Hall.
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Some being ancient, others neoterical. Bacon.
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Neoteric, n. One of modern times; a modern.
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Neoterically (?), adv. Recently; newly.
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Neoterism (?), n. [Gr. � innovation] An innovation or novelty; a neoteric word or phrase.
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Neoterist, n. One who introduces new words or phrases; a neologist. Fitzed Hall.
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Neoterize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Neoterized; p. pr. & vb. n. Neoterized.] [Gr. � to innovate.] To innovate; to coin or introduce new words.
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Freely as we of the nineteenth century neoterize. fized. Hall.
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Neotropical (?), a. [Neo- + tropical.] (Geog. & Zoöl.) Belonging to, or designating, a region of the earth's surface which comprises most of South America, the Antilles, and tropical North America.
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Neozoic (?), a. [Neo- + Gr. � life.] (Geol.) More recent than the Paleozoic, -- that is, including the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.
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Nep (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. Nepeta.] (Bot.) Catnip.
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Nepa (?), n. [L. nepa scorpion.] (Zoöl.) A genus of aquatic hemipterous insects. The species feed upon other insects and are noted for their voracity; -- called also scorpion bug and water scorpion.
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Nepalese (? or ?), prop. a. Of or pertaining to Nepal, a kingdom North of India; as, Nepalese troops massed at the border. [Formerly written Nepaulese.]
Syn. -- Nepali.
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Nepalese (? or ?), prop. n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Nepal, or an inhabitant of Nepal.
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Nepali prop. adj. same as .
Syn. -- Nepalese.
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Nepaulese (? or ?), prop. a. Of or pertaining to Nepal (formerly written Nepaul), a kingdom North of India; same as Nepalese. -- n. sing. & pl. A native or natives of Nepal.
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Nepenthaceae prop. n. A natural family coextensive with the genus Nepenthes.
Syn. -- family Nepenthaceae.
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Nepenthe (?), n. [Fr. Gr. � removing all sorrow; hence, an epithet of an Egyptian drug which lulled sorrow for the day; � not + � sorrow, grief.] A drug used by the ancients to give relief from pain and sorrow; -- by some supposed to have been opium or hasheesh. Hence, anything soothing and comforting.
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Lulled with the sweet nepenthe of a court. Pope.
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Quaff, O quaff this kind nepenthe. Poe.
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Nepenthes (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �. See .] 1. Same as . Milton.
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2. (Bot.) A genus of climbing plants found in tropical areas of India, Malaya, Australia, etc., which have the leaves prolonged into a kind of stout tendril terminating in a pitcherlike appendage, whence the plants are often called pitcher plants and monkey-cups. There are about thirty species, of which the best known is Nepenthes distillatoria. See .
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Nepeta (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of labiate plants, including the catnip and ground ivy.
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Nephalism (nĕfȧlĭz'm), n. [Gr. � soberness, fr. � sober, � to drink no wine: cf. F. néphalisme.] Total abstinence from spirituous liquor.
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