Penk - Pentadelphous

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Penk (pĕṉk), n. A minnow. See , n., 4. [Prov. Eng.] Walton.
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Penknife (?), n.; pl. Penknives (#). [Pen + knife.] A small pocketknife; formerly, a knife used for making and mending quill pens.
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penlight n. A small flashlight resembling a fountain pen, often having a clip to permit firm attachment to a pocket.
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Penman (?), n.; pl. Penmen (�). 1. One who uses the pen; a writer; esp., one skilled in the use of the pen; a calligrapher; a writing master.
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2. An author; a composer. South.
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Penmanship, n. The use of the pen in writing; the art of writing; style or manner of writing; chirography; as, good or bad penmanship.
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Penna (pĕnnȧ), n.; pl. Pennæ (#). [L.] (Zoöl.) A perfect, or normal, feather.
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Pennaceous (pĕnnāshŭs), a. (Zoöl.) Like or pertaining to a normal feather.
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Pennach (pĕnnăsh), n. [OF. pennache. See .] A bunch of feathers; a plume. [Obs.] Holland.
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Pennached (?), a. [Cf. OF. pennaché. See .] Variegated; striped. [Obs.] Evelyn.
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Pennage (?), n. [L. penna feather.] Feathery covering; plumage. [Obs.] Holland.
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Pennant (pĕnn�nt), n. [OE. penon, penoun, pynoun, OF. penon, F. pennon, fr. L. penna feather. See a feather, and cf. , .] (Naut.) (a) A small flag; a pennon. The narrow pennant, or long pennant (called also whip or coach whip) is a long, narrow piece of bunting, carried at the masthead of a government vessel in commission. The board pennant is an oblong, nearly square flag, carried at the masthead of a commodore's vessel. “With flags and pennants trimmed.” Drayton. (b) A rope or strap to which a purchase is hooked.
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{ Pennate (?), Pennated (?), } a. [L. pennatus feathered, winged, from penna feather, wing.] 1. Winged; plume-shaped.
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2. (Bot.) Same as .
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Pennatula (?), n.; pl. L. Pennatulæ (#), E. Pennatulas (#). [NL., fr. L. penna a feather.] (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of Pennatula, Pteroides, and allied genera of Alcyonaria, having a featherlike form; a sea-pen. The zooids are situated along one edge of the side branches.
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Pennatulacea (?), n. pl. [NL. See .] (Zoöl.) A division of alcyonoid corals, including the seapens and related kinds. They are able to move about by means of the hollow muscular peduncle, which also serves to support them upright in the mud. See , and Illust. under .
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Penned (?), a. 1. Winged; having plumes. [Obs.]
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2. Written with a pen; composed. “Their penned speech.” Shak.
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3. Enclosed in a pen; -- of animals.
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Penner (?), n. 1. One who pens; a writer. Sir T. North.
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2. A case for holding pens. [Obs.]
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Penniform (?), a. [L. penna feather + -form: cf. F. penniforme.] Having the form of a feather or plume.
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Pennigerous (?), a. [L. penniger; penna feather + gerere to bear.] (Zoöl.) Bearing feathers or quills.
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Penniless (?), a. [From .] Destitute of money; impecunious; poor. -- Pennilessness, n.
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Penninerved (?), a. [L. penna feather + E. nerve.] Pinnately veined or nerved.
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Pennipotent (?), a. [L. pennipotens; penna wing + potens strong.] Strong of wing; strong on the wing. [Poetic] Davies (Holy Roode).
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Pennon (?), n. [Cf. .] A wing; a pinion. Milton.
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Pennon, n. [See .] A pennant; a flag or streamer. Longfellow.
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{ Pennoncel, Pennoncelle (?) }, n. [OF. penoncel. See .] A small pennon borne on a lance. See . [Also spelled penoncel.]
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Pennsylvanian prop. n. The geological period from 280 million to 310 million years ago; -- it was characterized by a warm climate and abundance of swampy land.
Syn. -- Pennsylvanian period, Upper Carboniferous, Upper Carboniferous period.
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2. A resident of the state of Pennsylvania.
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Penny (pĕnn�), a. [Perh. a corruption of pun, for pound.] Denoting the weight in pounds for one thousand; -- used in combination, with respect to nails; as, tenpenny nails, nails of which one thousand weight ten pounds.
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Penny, n.; pl. Pennies (#) or Pence (pĕns). Pennies denotes the number of coins; pence the amount of pennies in value. [OE. peni, AS. penig, pening, pending; akin to D. penning, OHG. pfenning, pfenting, G. pfennig, Icel. penningr; of uncertain origin.] 1. A former English coin, originally of copper, then of bronze, the twelfth part of an English shilling in account value, and equal to four farthings, or about two cents; -- usually indicated by the abbreviation d. (the initial of denarius).
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☞ “The chief Anglo-Saxon coin, and for a long period the only one, corresponded to the denarius of the Continent . . . [and was] called penny, denarius, or denier.” R. S. Poole. The ancient silver penny was worth about three pence sterling (see ). The old Scotch penny was only one twelfth the value of the English coin. In the United States the word penny is popularly used for cent.
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2. Any small sum or coin; a groat; a stiver. Shak.
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3. Money, in general; as, to turn an honest penny.
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What penny hath Rome borne,
What men provided, what munition sent? Shak.
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4. (Script.) See .
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Coloq. Penny cress (Bot.), an annual herb of the Mustard family, having round, flat pods like silver pennies (Thlaspi arvense). Also spelled pennycress. Dr. Prior. -- Coloq. Penny dog (Zoöl.), a kind of shark found on the South coast of Britain: the tope. -- Coloq. Penny pincher , Coloq. Penny father , a penurious person; a miser; a niggard. The latter phrase is now obsolete. Robinson (More's Utopia). -- Coloq. Penny grass (Bot.), pennyroyal. [R.] -- Coloq. Penny post , a post carrying a letter for a penny; also, a mail carrier. -- Coloq. Penny wise , wise or prudent only in small matters; saving small sums while losing larger; penny-wise; -- used chiefly in the phrase, penny wise and pound foolish.
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Penny (?), a. Worth or costing one penny; as, penny candy.
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Penny-a-liner (?), n. One who furnishes matter to public journals at so much a line; a poor writer for hire; a hack writer. Thackeray.
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pennycress n. Any of several plants of the genus Thlaspi; see penny cress. [Also spelled penny cress.]
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penny-pinching n. Extreme care in spending money; reluctance to spend money unnecessarily.
Syn. -- parsimony, parsimoniousness, thrift.
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penny-pinching adj. Scrimping; reluctant to spend money; stingy; miserly; same as .
Syn. -- cheeseparing, close.
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penny-wise adj. 1. Thrifty in small matters only. Used mostly in the phrase penny-wise and pound foolish.
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Pennyroyal (?), n. [A corruption of OE. puliall royal. OE. puliall is ultimately derived fr. L. puleium, or pulegium regium (so called as being good against fleas), fr. pulex a flea; and royal is a translation of L. regium, in puleium regium.] (Bot.) An aromatic herb (Mentha Pulegium) of Europe; also, a North American plant (Hedeoma pulegioides) resembling it in flavor.
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Coloq. Bastard pennyroyal (Bot.) See Blue curls, under .
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Pennyweight (?), n. A troy weight containing twenty-four grains, or the twentieth part of a troy ounce; 1.555 grams; as, a pennyweight of gold or of arsenic. It is abbreviated dwt or pwt. It was anciently the weight of a silver penny, whence the name.
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Pennywort (?), n. (Bot.) A European trailing herb (Linaria Cymbalaria) with roundish, reniform leaves. It is often cultivated in hanging baskets.
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Coloq. March pennywort , or Coloq. Water pennywort . (Bot.) See under .
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Pennyworth (?), n. 1. A penny's worth; as much as may be bought for a penny. “A dear pennyworth.” Evelyn.
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2. Hence: The full value of one's penny expended; due return for money laid out; a good bargain; a bargain.
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The priests sold the better pennyworths. Locke.
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3. A small quantity; a trifle. Bacon.
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Penock (?), n. See .
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Penological (?), a. Of or pertaining to penology.
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Penologist (?), n. One versed in, or a student of, penology.
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Penology (?), n. [Gr. poinh, or L. poena, punishment + -logy.] The science or art of punishment. [Written also pœnology.]
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Penrack (?), n. A rack for pens not in use.
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Pens (pĕns), n., pl. of ; pence. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Pensative (?), a. Pensive. [Obs.] Shelton.
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Pensel (?), n. A pencel. Chaucer.
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Pensible (?), a. Held aloft. [Obs.] Bacon.
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Pensile (pĕnsĭl; 277), a. [L. pensilis, fr. pendere to hang: cf. OE. pensil. See .] Hanging; suspended; pendent; pendulous. Bacon.
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The long, pensile branches of the birches. W. Howitt.
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Pensileness, n. State or quality of being pensile; pendulousness.
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Pension (?), n. [F., fr. L. pensio a paying, payment, fr. pendere, pensum, to weight, to pay; akin to pend�re to hang. See , and cf. .] 1. A payment; a tribute; something paid or given. [Obs.]
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The stomach's pension, and the time's expense. Sylvester.
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2. A stated allowance to a person in consideration of past services; payment made to one retired from service, on account of age, disability, or other cause; also, a regular stipend paid by a government to retired public officers, disabled soldiers, the families of soldiers killed in service, or to meritorious authors, or the like.
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To all that kept the city pensions and wages. 1 Esd. iv. 56.
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3. A certain sum of money paid to a clergyman in lieu of tithes. [Eng.] Mozley & W.
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4. [F., pronounced �.] A boarding house or boarding school in France, Belgium, Switzerland, etc.
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Pension, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pensioned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pensioning.] To grant a pension to; to pay a regular stipend to; in consideration of service already performed; -- sometimes followed by off; as, to pension off a servant.
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One knighted Blackmore, and one pensioned Quarles. Pope.
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pensionable adj. Entitled to receive a pension; as, a pensionable employee.
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Pensionary (?), a. 1. Maintained by a pension; receiving a pension; as, pensionary spies. Donne.
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2. Consisting of a pension; as, a pensionary provision for maintenance.
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Pensionary (?), n.; pl. Pensionaries (#). [Cf. F. pensionnaire. Cf. .] 1. One who receives a pension; a pensioner. E. Hall.
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2. One of the chief magistrates of towns in Holland.
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Coloq. Grand pensionary , the title of the prime minister, or or president of the Council, of Holland when a republic.
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Pensioner (?), n. 1. One in receipt of a pension; hence, figuratively, a dependent.
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The fickle pensioners of Morpheus' train. Milton.
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Old pensioners . . . of Chelsea Hospital. Macaulay.
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2. One of an honorable band of gentlemen who attend the sovereign of England on state occasions, and receive an annual pension, or allowance, of £150 and two horses.
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3. [Cf. F. pensionnaire one who pays for his board. Cf. , n.] In the university of Cambridge, England, one who pays for his living in commons; -- corresponding to commoner at Oxford. Ld. Lytton.
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Pensive (?), a. [F. pensif, fr. penser to think, fr. L. pensare to weigh, ponder, consider, v. intens. fr. pendere to weigh. See , .] 1. Thoughtful, sober, or sad; employed in serious reflection; given to, or favorable to, earnest or melancholy musing.
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The pensive secrecy of desert cell. Milton.
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Anxious cares the pensive nymph oppressed. Pope.
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2. Expressing or suggesting thoughtfulness with sadness; as, pensive numbers. Prior.
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Pensived (?), a. Made pensive. [R.] Shak.
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Pensively (?), adv. In a pensive manner.
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Pensiveness, n. The state of being pensive; serious thoughtfulness; seriousness. Hooker.
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Penstemon prop. n. A large genus of subshrubs or herbs having showy blue or purple or red or yellow or white flowers; found mostly in Western North America.
Syn. -- genus Penstemon.
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Penstock (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain; perh. fr. pen an inclosure + stock.] 1. A close conduit or pipe for conducting water, as, to a water wheel, or for emptying a pond, or for domestic uses.
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2. The barrel of a wooden pump.
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Pent (pĕnt), p. p. or a. [From , v. t.] Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up.
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Here in the body pent. J. Montgomery.
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No pent-up Utica contracts your powers. J. M. Sewall.
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pent- (pĕnt), pref. Same as ; -- used as a combining form before vowels, as in pentoxide.
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Penta- (?), pref. [Gr. penta-, a later combining form of pente five. See .] 1. A combining form denoting five; as, pentacapsular; pentagon.
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2. (Chem.) Denoting the degree of five, either as regards quality, property, or composition; as, pentasulphide, containing five sulfur atoms; pentoxide, containing five oxygen atoms, etc. Also used adjectively.
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Pentabasic (?), a. [Penta- + basic.] (Chem.) Capable of uniting with five molecules of a monacid base; having five acid hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by a basic radical; -- said of certain acids.
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Pentacapsular (?), a. [Penta- + capsular.] (Bot.) Having five capsules.
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Pentachenium (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Bot.) A dry fruit composed of five carpels, which are covered by an epigynous calyx and separate at maturity.
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Pentachloride (?), n. [Penta- + chloride.] (Chem.) A chloride having five atoms of chlorine in each molecule; as, phosphorus pentachloride.
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Pentachord (?), n. [L. pentachordus five-stringed, Gr. pentachordos; penta- five + chordh string.] 1. An ancient instrument of music with five strings.
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2. An order or system of five sounds. Busby.
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Pentacid (�), a. [Penta- + acid.] (Chem.) Capable of neutralizing, or combining with, five molecules of a monobasic acid; having five hydrogen atoms capable of substitution by acid residues; -- said of certain complex bases.
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Pentacle (?), n. [Gr. pente five.] A five-pointed star, also called a pentagram or pentalpha. See illustr. under pentalpha. Sometimes referring to a similar figure, such as the figure composed of two equilateral triangles intersecting so as to form a six-pointed star. It was used in early ornamental art, and also with superstitious import by the astrologers and mystics of the Middle Ages. The six-pointed star is more comonly called a hexagram, or called Solomon's seal; it resembles the star of David (Magen David)
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Pentacoccous (?), a. [See , .] (Bot.) Composed of five united carpels with one seed in each, as certain fruits.
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Pentaconter (?), n. (Gr. Antiq.) See .
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Pentacrinin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A red and purple pigment found in certain crinoids of the genus Pentacrinus.
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Pentacrinite (?), n. [Penta- + Gr. krinon a lily.] (Zoöl.) Any species of Pentacrinus.
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Pentacrinoid (?), n. [Pentacrinus + -oid.] (Zoöl.) An immature comatula when it is still attached by a stem, and thus resembles a Pentacrinus.
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Pentacrinus (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) A genus of large, stalked crinoids, of which several species occur in deep water among the West Indies and elsewhere.
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Pentacron (?), n.; pl. L. Pentacra (#), E. Pentacrons (#). [NL., fr. Gr. pente five + 'akron a summit.] (Geom.) A solid having five summits or angular points.
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Pentacrostic (?), n. [Penta- + acrostic.] A set of verses so disposed that the name forming the subject of the acrostic occurs five times -- the whole set of verses being divided into five different parts from top to bottom.
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Pentad (?), n. [Gr. pentas pentados, a body of five, fr. pente five.] (Chem.) Any element, atom, or radical, having a valence of five, or which can be combined with, substituted for, or compared with, five atoms of hydrogen or other monad; as, nitrogen is a pentad in the ammonium compounds.
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2. Any grouping of five things.
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Pentad, a. (Chem.) Having the valence of a pentad.
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{ Pentadactyl, Pentadactyle } (?), a. [Gr. pentadaktylos with five fingers or toes. See , and .] 1. (Anat.) Having five digits to the hand or foot.
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2. Having five appendages resembling fingers or toes.
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Pentadactyloid (?), a. [Pentadactyl + -oid.] (Anat.) Having the form of, or a structure modified from, a pentadactyl limb.
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Pentadecane (pĕntȧdĕkān), n. [Penta- + Gr. deka ten.] (Chem.) A hydrocarbon of the paraffin series, (C15H32) found in petroleum, tar oil, etc., and obtained as a colorless liquid; -- so called from the fifteen carbon atoms in the molecule.
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Pentadecatoic (pĕntȧdĕkȧtōĭk), a. [Penta- + decatoic.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from, pentadecane, or designating an acid related to it.
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Pentadecylic (pĕntȧd�sĭlĭk), a. [Penta- + decylic.] (Chem.) Same as .
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Pentadelphous (pĕntȧdĕlfŭs), a. [Penta- + Gr. 'adelfos brother.] (Bot.) Having the stamens arranged in five clusters, those of each cluster having their filaments more or less united, as the flowers of the linden.
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