Peristome - Permutation

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Peristome (?), n. [Pref. peri- + Gr. �, �, mouth.] 1. (Bot.) The fringe of teeth around the orifice of the capsule of mosses. It consists of 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 teeth, and may be either single or double.
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2. (Zoöl.) (a) The lip, or edge of the aperture, of a spiral shell. (b) The membrane surrounding the mouth of an invertebrate animal.
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Peristomial (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to a peristome.
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Peristomium (?), n. [NL.] Same as .
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Peristrephic (?), a. [Gr. � to turn round.] Turning around; rotatory; revolving; as, a peristrephic painting (of a panorama).
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Peristyle (?), n. [L. peristylum, Gr. �, �; � about + � a column: cf. F. péristyle.] (Arch.) A range of columns with their entablature, etc.; specifically, a complete system of columns, whether on all sides of a court, or surrounding a building, such as the cella of a temple. Used in the former sense, it gives name to the larger and inner court of a Roman dwelling, the peristyle. See .
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Perisystole (?), n. [Pref. peri- + systole: cf. F. périsystole.] (Physiol.) The interval between the diastole and systole of the heart. It is perceptible only in the dying.
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Perite (?), a. [L. peritus.] Skilled. [Obs.]
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Perithecium (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � around + � box.] (Bot.) An organ in certain fungi and lichens, surrounding and enveloping the masses of fructification. Henslow.
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Peritomous (?), a. [Gr. � cut off all around. See , and .] (Min.) Cleaving in more directions than one, parallel to the axis.
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Peritonæum (?), n. (Anat.) Same as .
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Peritoneal (?), a. [Cf. F. péritonéal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the peritoneum.
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Peritoneum (?), n. [L. peritoneum, peritonaeum, Gr. �, �, fr. � to stretch all around or over; � around + � to stretch.] (Anat.) The smooth serous membrane which lines the cavity of the abdomen, or the whole body cavity when there is no diaphragm, and, turning back, surrounds the viscera, forming a closed, or nearly closed, sac. [Written also peritonæum.]
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Peritonitis (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Med.) Inflammation of the peritoneum.
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Peritracheal (?), a. (Zoöl.) Surrounding the tracheæ.
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Peritreme (?), n. [Pref. peri- + Gr. � a hole.] (Zoöl.) (a) That part of the integument of an insect which surrounds the spiracles. (b) The edge of the aperture of a univalve shell.
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Peritricha (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � about + �, �, hair.] (Zoöl.) A division of ciliated Infusoria having a circle of cilia around the oral disk and sometimes another around the body. It includes the vorticellas. See .
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Peritrochium (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �; � around + � a wheel.] (Mech.) The wheel which, together with the axle, forms the axis in peritrochio, which see under .
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Peritropal (?), a. [Gr. �, fr. � to turn around; � around + � to turn: cf. F. péritrope.] 1. Rotatory; circuitous. [R.]
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2. Having the axis of the seed perpendicular to the axis of the pericarp to which it is attached.
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Peritropous (?), a. Peritropal.
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Perityphlitis (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Med.) Inflammation of the connective tissue about the cæcum.
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Periuterine (?), a. (Med.) Surrounding the uterus.
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Perivascular (?), a. Around the blood vessels; as, perivascular lymphatics.
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Perivertebral (?), a. (Anat.) Surrounding the vertebræ.
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Perivisceral (?), a. (Anat.) Around the viscera; as, the perivisceral cavity.
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Perivitelline (?), a. [Pref. peri- + vitelline.] (Biol.) Situated around the vitellus, or between the vitellus and zona pellucida of an ovum.
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Periwig (?), n. [OE. perrwige, perwicke, corrupt. fr. F. perruque; cf. OD. peruyk, from French. See , and cf. .] A headdress of false hair, usually covering the whole head, and representing the natural hair; a wig. Shak.
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Periwig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Perwigged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Perwigging (?).] To dress with a periwig, or with false hair. Swift.
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Periwinkle (?), n. [From AS. pinewincla a shellfish, in which pine- is fr. L. pina, pinna, a kind of mussel, akin to Gr. �. Cf. .] (Zoöl.) Any small marine gastropod shell of the genus Littorina. The common European species (Littorina littorea), in Europe extensively used as food, has recently become naturalized abundantly on the American coast. See .
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☞ In America the name is often applied to several large univalves, as Fulgur carica, and Fulgur canaliculata.
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Periwinkle, n. [OE. pervenke, AS. pervince, fr. L. pervinca.] (Bot.) A trailing herb of the genus Vinca.
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☞ The common perwinkle (Vinca minor) has opposite evergreen leaves and solitary blue or white flowers in their axils. In America it is often miscalled myrtle. See under .
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Perjenet (?), n. [Cf. , and .] A kind of pear. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Perjure (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Perjured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Perjuring.] [F. parjurer, L. perjurare, perjerare; per through, over + jurare to swear. See .] 1. To cause to violate an oath or a vow; to cause to make oath knowingly to what is untrue; to make guilty of perjury; to forswear; to corrupt; -- often used reflexively; as, he perjured himself.
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Want will perjure
The ne'er-touched vestal. Shak.
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2. To make a false oath to; to deceive by oaths and protestations. [Obs.]
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And with a virgin innocence did pray
For me, that perjured her. J. Fletcher.
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Syn. -- To , . These words have been used interchangeably; but there is a tendency to restrict perjure to that species of forswearing which constitutes the crime of perjury at law, namely, the willful violation of an oath administered by a magistrate or according to law.
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Perjure, n. [L. perjurus: cf. OF. parjur, F. parjure.] A perjured person. [Obs.] Shak.
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Perjured (?), a. Guilty of perjury; having sworn falsely; forsworn. Shak. “Perjured persons.” 1 Tim. i. 10. “Their perjured oath.” Spenser.
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Perjurer (?), n. One who is guilty of perjury; one who perjures or forswears, in any sense.
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{ Perjurious (?), Perjurous (?), } a. [L. perjuriosus, perjurus.] Guilty of perjury; containing perjury. [Obs.] Quarles. B. Johnson.
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Perjury (?), n.; pl. Perjuries (#). [L. perjurium. See , v.] 1. False swearing.
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2. (Law) At common law, a willfully false statement in a fact material to the issue, made by a witness under oath in a competent judicial proceeding. By statute the penalties of perjury are imposed on the making of willfully false affirmations.
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☞ If a man swear falsely in nonjudicial affidavits, it is made perjury by statute in some jurisdictions in the United States.
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Perk (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Perked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Perking.] [Cf. W. percu to trim, to make smart.] To make trim or smart; to straighten up; to erect; to make a jaunty or saucy display of; as, to perk the ears; to perk up one's head. Cowper. Sherburne.
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Perk, v. i. To exalt one's self; to bear one's self loftily. “To perk over them.” Barrow.
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Coloq. To perk it , to carry one's self proudly or saucily. Pope.
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Perk, a. Smart; trim; spruce; jaunty; vain. “Perk as a peacock.” Spenser.
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Perk, v. i. To peer; to look inquisitively. Dickens.
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Perkin (?), n. A kind of weak perry.
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Perkinism (?), n. (Med.) A remedial treatment, by drawing the pointed extremities of two rods, each of a different metal, over the affected part; tractoration, -- first employed by Dr. Elisha Perkins of Norwich, Conn. See .
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Perky (?), a. Perk; pert; jaunty; trim.
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There amid perky larches and pines. Tennyson.
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Perlaceous (?), a. [See .] Pearly; resembling pearl.
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Perlid (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any insect of the genus Perla, or family Perlidæ. See Stone fly, under .
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Perlite (?), n. (Min.) Same as .
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Perlitic (?), a. (Min.) Relating to or resembling perlite, or pearlstone; as, the perlitic structure of certain rocks. See .
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Perlous (?), a. Perilous. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Perlustration (?), n. [L. perlustrare to wander all through, to survey. See 3d .] The act of viewing all over. [Archaic] Howell.
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Permanable (?), a. Permanent; durable. [Obs.] Lydgate.
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{ Permanence (?), Permanency (?), } n. [Cf. F. permanence.] The quality or state of being permanent; continuance in the same state or place; duration; fixedness; as, the permanence of institutions; the permanence of nature.
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Permanent (?), a. [L. permanens, -entis, p. pr. of permanere to stay or remain to the end, to last; per + manere to remain: cf. F. permanent. See , and .] Continuing in the same state, or without any change that destroys form or character; remaining unaltered or unremoved; abiding; durable; fixed; stable; lasting; as, a permanent impression.
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Eternity stands permanent and fixed. Dryden.
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Coloq. Permanent gases (Chem. & Physics), hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide; -- also called incondensible gases or incoercible gases, before their liquefaction in 1877. The term is now archaic. -- Coloq. Permanent way , the roadbed and superstructure of a finished railway; -- so called in distinction from the contractor's temporary way. -- Coloq. Permanent white (Chem.), barium sulphate (heavy spar), used as a white pigment or paint, in distinction from white lead, which tarnishes and darkens from the formation of the sulphide.
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Syn. -- Lasting; durable; constant. See .
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Permanently, adv. In a permanent manner.
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Permanganate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of permanganic acid.
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Coloq. Potassium permanganate . (Chem.) See Potassium permanganate, under .
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Permanganic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, one of the higher acids of manganese, HMnO4, which forms salts called permanganates.
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Permansion (?), n. [L. permansio. See .] Continuance. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
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Permeability (?), n. [Cf. F. perméabilité.] The quality or state of being permeable.
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Coloq. Magnetic permeability (Physics), the specific capacity of a body for magnetic induction, or its conducting power for lines of magnetic force. Sir W. Thomson.
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Permeable (?), a. [L. permeabilis: cf. F. perméable. See .] Capable of being permeated, or passed through; yielding passage; passable; penetrable; -- used especially of substances which allow the passage of fluids; as, wood is permeable to oil; glass is permeable to light. I. Taylor.
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Permeably, adv. In a permeable manner.
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Permeance (?), n. [See .] Permeation; specif. (Magnetism), the reciprocal of reluctance.
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Permeant (?), a. [L. permeans, p. pr.] Passing through; permeating. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
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Permeate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Permeated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Permeating.] [L. permeatus, p. p. of permeare to permeate; per + meare to go, pass.] 1. To pass through the pores or interstices of; to penetrate and pass through without causing rupture or displacement; -- applied especially to fluids which pass through substances of loose texture; as, water permeates sand. Woodward.
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2. To enter and spread through; to pervade.
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God was conceived to be diffused throughout the whole world, to permeate and pervade all things. Cudworth.
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Permeation (?), n. The act of permeating, passing through, or spreading throughout, the pores or interstices of any substance.
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Here is not a mere involution only, but a spiritual permeation and inexistence. Bp. Hall.
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Permian (?), a. [From the ancient kingdom of Permia, where the Permian formation exists.] (Geol.) Belonging or relating to the period, and also to the formation, next following the Carboniferous, and regarded as closing the Carboniferous age and Paleozoic era. -- n. The Permian period. See Chart of .
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Permians (?), n. pl.; sing. Permian (�). (Ethnol.) A tribe belonging to the Finnic race, and inhabiting a portion of Russia.
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Permiscible (?), a. [L. permiscere to mingle; per + miscere to mix.] Capable of being mixed.
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Permiss (?), n. [See .] A permitted choice; a rhetorical figure in which a thing is committed to the decision of one's opponent. [Obs.] Milton.
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Permissibility (?), n. The quality of being permissible; permissibleness; allowableness.
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Permissible (?), a. That may be permitted; allowable; admissible. -- Permissibleness, n. -- Permissibly, adv.
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Permission (?), n. [L. permissio: cf. F. permission. See .] The act of permitting or allowing; formal consent; authorization; leave; license or liberty granted.
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High permission of all-ruling Heaven. Milton.
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You have given me your permission for this address. Dryden.
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Syn. -- Leave; liberty; license. -- , . Leave implies that the recipient may decide whether to use the license granted or not. Permission is the absence on the part of another of anything preventive, and in general, at least by implication, signifies approval.
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Permissive (?), a. 1. Permitting; granting leave or liberty. “By his permissive will.” Milton.
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2. Permitted; tolerated; suffered. Milton.
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Permissively, adv. In a permissive manner.
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Permistion (?), n. [L. permistio, permixtio, fr. permiscere, permistum, and permixtum. See .] The act of mixing; the state of being mingled; mixture. [Written also permixtion.]
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Permit (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Permitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Permitting.] [L. permittere, permissum, to let through, to allow, permit; per + mittere to let go, send. See , and .] 1. To consent to; to allow or suffer to be done; to tolerate; to put up with.
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What things God doth neither command nor forbid . . . he permitteth with approbation either to be done or left undone. Hooker.
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2. To grant (one) express license or liberty to do an act; to authorize; to give leave; -- followed by an infinitive.
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Thou art permitted to speak for thyself. Acis xxvi. 1.
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3. To give over; to resign; to leave; to commit.
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Let us not aggravate our sorrows,
But to the gods permit the event of things. Addison.
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Syn. -- To allow; let; grant; admit; suffer; tolerate; endure; consent to. -- To , , , . To allow is more positive, denoting (at least originally and etymologically) a decided assent, either directly or by implication. To permit is more negative, and imports only acquiescence or an abstinence from prevention. The distinction, however, is often disregarded by good writers. To suffer has a stronger passive or negative sense than to permit, sometimes implying against the will, sometimes mere indifference. To tolerate is to endure what is contrary to will or desire. To suffer and to tolerate are sometimes used without discrimination.
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Permit, v. i. To grant permission; to allow.
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Permit (?), n. Warrant; license; leave; permission; specifically, a written license or permission given to a person or persons having authority; as, a permit to land goods subject to duty.
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Permit (?), n. [Cf. Sp. palamida a kind of scombroid fish.] (a) A large pompano (Trachinotus goodei) of the West Indies, Florida, etc. It becomes about three feet long. (b) The round pompano. (Trachinotus falcatus). [Local, U. S.]
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Permittance (?), n. The act of permitting; allowance; permission; leave. Milton.
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Permittee (?), n. One to whom a permission or permit is given.
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Permitter (?), n. One who permits.
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A permitter, or not a hinderer, of sin. J. Edwards.
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Permix (?), v. t. To mix; to mingle. [Obs.]
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Permixtion (?), n. See .
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Permulator (?), n. (Elec.) A special form of rotary converter with stationary commutator and rotating brushes, in which the exciting field is induced by the alternating current in a short-circuited magnetic core instead of being produced by an external magnet.
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Permutable (?), a. [Cf. F. permutable.] Capable of being permuted; exchangeable. -- Permutableness, n. -- Permutably, adv.
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Permutation (?), n. [L. permutatio: cf. F. permutation. See .] 1. The act of permuting; exchange of the thing for another; mutual transference; interchange.
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The violent convulsions and permutations that have been made in property. Burke.
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2. (Math.) (a) The arrangement of any determinate number of things, as units, objects, letters, etc., in all possible orders, one after the other; -- called also alternation. Cf. , n., 4. (b) Any one of such possible arrangements.
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3. (Law) Barter; exchange.
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Coloq. Permutation lock , a lock in which the parts can be transposed or shifted, so as to require different arrangements of the tumblers on different occasions of unlocking.
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