Phanar - Pheasant

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Phanar (?), n. [Turk. fanar, fr. NGr. � lighthouse, Gr. � lantern; -- from a lighthouse on a point projecting into the Golden Horn.] A quarter of Constantinople which, after the Turkish conquest of the city, became the chief Greek quarter; hence, the Greek officials of Turkey, or phanariots, as a class.
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{ Phanariot (?), n. Also Phanariote (?)}. [NGr. �, fr. Phanar. See .] One of the Greeks of Constantinople who after the Turkish conquest became powerful in clerical and other offices under Turkish patronage.
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Phane (?), n. See . [Obs.] Joye.
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Phanerite (?), a. [Gr. � visible, from � to bring to light.] Evident; visible.
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Coloq. Phanerite series (Geol.), the uppermost part of the earth's crust, consisting of deposits produced by causes in obvious operation.
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Phanerocarpæ (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. � evident + � fruit (but taken to mean, ovary).] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Phanerocodonic (?), a. [Gr. � evident + � a bell.] (Zoöl.) Having an umbrella-shaped or bell-shaped body, with a wide, open cavity beneath; -- said of certain jellyfishes.
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Phanerocrystalline (?), a. [Gr. � visible + E. crystalline.] (Geol.) Distinctly crystalline; -- used of rocks. Opposed to cryptocrystalline.
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Phanerodactyla (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � evident + � finger.] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Phanerogamia (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � visible (fr. � to bring to light) + � marriage.] (Bot.) That one of the two primary divisions of the vegetable kingdom which contains the phanerogamic, or flowering, plants.
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Phanerogamian (?), a. (Bot.) Phanerogamous.
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{ Phanerogamic (?), Phanerogamous (?), } a. Having visible flowers containing distinct stamens and pistils; -- said of plants.
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Phaneroglossal (?), a. [Gr. � evident + � tongue.] (Zoöl.) Having a conspicious tongue; -- said of certain reptiles and insects.
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Phantascope (?), n. [Gr. � image + -scope.] An optical instrument or toy, resembling the phenakistoscope, and illustrating the same principle; -- called also phantasmascope.
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Phantasm (?), n. [L. phantasma. See , and cf. .] [Spelt also fantasm.] 1. An image formed by the mind, and supposed to be real or material; a shadowy or airy appearance; sometimes, an optical illusion; a phantom; a dream.
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They be but phantasms or apparitions. Sir W. Raleigh.
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2. A mental image or representation of a real object; a fancy; a notion. Cudworth.
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Figures or little features, of which the description had produced in you no phantasm or expectation. Jer. Taylor.
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Phantasma (?), n. [L.] A phantasm.
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Phantasmagoria (?), n. [NL., from Gr. � a phantasm + � an assembly, fr. � to gather: cf. F. phantasmagorie.] 1. An optical effect produced by a magic lantern. The figures are painted in transparent colors, and all the rest of the glass is opaque black. The screen is between the spectators and the instrument, and the figures are often made to appear as in motion, or to merge into one another.
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2. The apparatus by which such an effect is produced.
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3. Fig.: A medley of figures; illusive images. “This mental phantasmagoria.” Sir W. Scott.
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Phantasmagorial (?), a. Of, relating to, or resembling phantasmagoria; phantasmagoric.
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Phantasmagoric (?), a. Of or pertaining to phantasmagoria; phantasmagorial. Hawthorne.
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Phantasmagory (?), n. See .
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Phantasmal (?), a. Pertaining to, of the nature of, or resembling, a phantasm; spectral; illusive.
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Phantasmascope (?), n. See .
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Phantasmatical (?), a. [L. phantasmaticus.] Phantasmal. Dr. H. More.
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Phantasmatography (?), n. [Gr. �, �, phantasm + -graphy.] A description of celestial phenomena, as rainbows, etc.
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{ Phantastic (?), Phantastical (?), } a. See .
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Phantasy (?), n. See , and .
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Phantom (?), n. [OE. fantome, fantosme, fantesme, OF. fantôme, fr. L. phantasma, Gr. �, fr. � to show. See , and cf. , , .] That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image.
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Strange phantoms rising as the mists arise. Pope.
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She was a phantom of delight. Wordsworth.
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Coloq. Phantom ship . See Flying Dutchman, under . -- Coloq. Phantom tumor (Med.), a swelling, especially of the abdomen, due to muscular spasm, accumulation of flatus, etc., simulating an actual tumor in appearance, but disappearing upon the administration of an anæsthetic.
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Phantom, a. Being, or of the nature of, a phantom.

Phantom isles are floating in the skies. B. Taylor.
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Phantom circuit. (Elec.) The equivalent of an additional circuit or wire, in reality not existing, obtained by certain arrangements of real circuits, as in some multiplex telegraph systems.
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Phantomatic, a. Phantasmal. [R.] Coleridge.
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Pharaoh (?), n. [Heb. parōh; of Egyptian origin: cf. L. pharao, Gr. �. Cf. .] 1. A title by which the sovereigns of ancient Egypt were designated.
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2. See .
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Coloq. Pharaoh's chicken (Zoöl.), the gier-eagle, or Egyptian vulture; -- so called because often sculpured on Egyptian monuments. It is nearly white in color. -- Coloq. Pharaoh's rat (Zoöl.), the common ichneumon.
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Pharaon (?), n. See , 2.
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Pharaonic (?), a. [Cf. F. pharaonique.] Of or pertaining to the Pharaohs, or kings of ancient Egypt.
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Phare (?), n. [See .] 1. A beacon tower; a lighthouse. [Obs.]
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2. Hence, a harbor. Howell.
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{ Pharisaic (fărĭsāĭk), Pharisaical (-ĭk�l), } a. [L. Pharisaicus, Gr. Farisai:kos: cf. F. pharisaïque. See .] 1. Of or pertaining to the Pharisees; resembling the Pharisees. “The Pharisaic sect among the Jews.” Cudworth.
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2. Hence: Addicted to external forms and ceremonies; making a show of religion without the spirit of it; ceremonial; formal; hypocritical; self-righteous. “Excess of outward and pharisaical holiness.” Bacon. “Pharisaical ostentation.” Macaulay.
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-- Pharisaically, adv. -- Pharisaicalness, n.
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Pharisaism (?), n. [Cf. F. pharisaisme.] 1. The notions, doctrines, and conduct of the Pharisees, as a sect. Sharp.
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2. Rigid observance of external forms of religion, without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious, self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners. “A piece of pharisaism.” Hammond.
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Pharisean (?), a. [L. Pharisaeus, Gr. Farisai^os.] Following the practice of Pharisees; Pharisaic. [Obs.] “Pharisean disciples.” Milton.
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Pharisee (fărĭsē), n. [L. Pharisaeus, Gr. Farisai^os, from Heb. pārash to separate.] One of a sect or party among the Jews, noted for a strict and formal observance of rites and ceremonies and of the traditions of the elders, and whose pretensions to superior sanctity led them to separate themselves from the other Jews.
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Phariseeism (?), n. See .
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{ Pharmaceutic (färmȧsūtĭk), Pharmaceutical (-tĭk�l), } a. [L. pharmaceuticus, Gr. farmakeytikos, fr. farmakeyein: cf. F. pharmaceutique. See .] Of or pertaining to the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or to the art of preparing medicines according to the rules or formulas of pharmacy; as, pharmaceutical preparations. -- Pharmaceutically, adv.
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Coloq. Pharmaceutical chemistry , that department of chemistry which ascertains or regulates the composition of medicinal substances.
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Pharmaceutics (?), n. The science of preparing medicines.
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Pharmaceutist (?), n. One skilled in pharmacy; a druggist. See the Note under .
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Pharmacist (?), n. One skilled in pharmacy; a pharmaceutist; a druggist.
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Pharmacodymanics (?), n. [Gr. farmakon medicine + E. dynamics.] That branch of pharmacology which treats of the action and the effects of medicines in the body, and also their distribution in various bodily tissues over time, and their breakdown and excretion.
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Pharmacognosis (?), n. [Gr. farmakon a drug + gnw^sis a knowing.] That branch of pharmacology which treats of unprepared medicines or simples; -- usually called pharmacognosy, and also pharmacography, and pharmacomathy.
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Pharmacognosy (?), n. 1. Pharmacognosis.
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2. The study of the distribution of, methods for finding, and properties of medically useful agents in natural sources, especially plants.
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Pharmacography (?), n. [Gr. farmakon a drug + -graphy.] See .
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Pharmacolite (?), n. [Gr. farmakon drug, poisonous drug + -lite: cf. F. pharmacolithe.] (Min.) A hydrous arsenate of lime, usually occurring in silky fibers of a white or grayish color.
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Pharmacologist (?), n. [Cf. F. pharmacologiste.] One skilled in pharmacology.
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Pharmacology (?), n. [Gr. farmakon drug + -logy: cf. F. pharmacologie.] 1. Knowledge of drugs or medicines; the art of preparing medicines.
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2. A treatise on the art of preparing medicines.
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Pharmacomathy (?), n. [Gr. farmakon a drug + manqanein to learn.] See .
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Pharmacon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. farmakon.] A medicine or drug; also, a poison. Dunglison.
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Pharmacopœia (?), n. [NL., from Gr. farmakopoii:a the preparation of medicines; farmakon medicine + poiei^n to make.] 1. A book or treatise describing the drugs, preparations, etc., used in medicine; especially, one that is issued by official authority and considered as an authoritative standard.
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2. A chemical laboratory. [Obs.] Dunglison.
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Pharmacopolist (?), n. [L. pharmacopola, Gr. farmakopwlhs; farmakon medicine + pwlei^n to sell.] One who sells medicines; an apothecary.
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Pharmacosiderite (?), n. [Gr. � drug, poison + E. siderite.] (Min.) A hydrous arsenate of iron occurring in green or yellowish green cubic crystals; cube ore.
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Pharmacy (?), n. [OE. fermacie, OF. farmacie, pharmacie, F. pharmacie, Gr. �, fr. � to administer or use medicines, fr. � medicine.] 1. The art or practice of preparing and preserving drugs, and of compounding and dispensing medicines according to prescriptions of physicians; the occupation of an apothecary or a pharmaceutical chemist.
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2. A place where medicines are compounded; a drug store; an apothecary's shop.
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Pharo (?), n. 1. A pharos; a lighthouse. [Obs.]
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2. See .
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Pharology (?), n. [Gr. � a lighthouse + -logy.] The art or science which treats of lighthouses and signal lights.
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Pharos (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �, fr. � an island in the Bay of Alexandria, where king Ptolemy Philadelphus built a famous lighthouse.] A lighthouse or beacon for the guidance of seamen.
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He . . . built a pharos, or lighthouse. Arbuthnot.
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Pharyngal (?), a. Pharyngeal. H. Sweet.
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Pharyngeal (?), a. [See .] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pharynx; in the region of the pharynx.
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Pharyngeal, n. (Anat.) A pharyngeal bone or cartilage; especially, one of the lower pharyngeals, which belong to the rudimentary fifth branchial arch in many fishes, or one of the upper pharyngeals, or pharyngobranchials, which are the dorsal elements in the complete branchial arches.
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Pharyngitis (?), n. [NL. See , and .] (Med.) Inflammation of the pharynx.
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Pharyngobranchial (?), a. [Pharynx + branchial.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the pharynx and the branchiæ; -- applied especially to the dorsal elements in the branchial arches of fishes. See . -- n. A pharyngobranchial, or upper pharyngeal, bone or cartilage.
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Pharyngobranchii (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Pharyngognathi (?), n. pl. [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) A division of fishes in which the lower pharyngeal bones are united. It includes the scaroid, labroid, and embioticoid fishes.
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Pharyngolaryngeal (?), a. [Pharynx + laryngeal.] Of or pertaining both to pharynx and the larynx.
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Pharyngopneusta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � the pharynx + � to breathe.] (Zoöl.) A group of invertebrates including the Tunicata and Enteropneusta. -- Pharyngopneustal (#), a.
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Pharyngotome (?), n. (Surg.) An instrument for incising or scarifying the tonsils, etc.
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Pharyngotomy (?), n. [Pharynx + Gr. � to cut: cf. F. pharyngotomie.] (Surg.) (a) The operation of making an incision into the pharynx, to remove a tumor or anything that obstructs the passage. (b) Scarification or incision of the tonsils.
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Pharynx (?), n.; pl. pharynges (#). [NL., fr. Gr. �, �: cf. F. pharynx.] (Anat.) The part of the alimentary canal between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus. It has one or two external openings through the nose in the higher vertebrates, and lateral branchial openings in fishes and some amphibias.
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Phascolome (?), n. [Gr. � pouch + � mouse.] (Zoöl.) A marsupial of the genus Phascolomys; a wombat.
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Phase (fāz), n.; pl. Phases (fāzĕz). [NL. phasis, Gr. �, fr. � to make to appear: cf. F. phase. See , , and .] 1. That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.
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2. Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or view; as, the problem has many phases.
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3. (Astron.) A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form of enlightened disk; as, the phases of the moon or planets. See Illust. under .
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4. (Physics) Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.
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5. (Phys. Chem.) A homogenous, physically distinct portion of matter in a system not homogeneous; as, the three phases, ice, water, and aqueous vapor. A phase may be either a single chemical substance or a mixture, as of gases.
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6. (Zoöl.) In certain birds and mammals, one of two or more color variations characteristic of the species, but independent of the ordinary seasonal and sexual differences, and often also of age. Some of the herons which appear in white and colored phases, and certain squirrels which are sometimes uniformly blackish instead of the usual coloration, furnish examples. Color phases occur also in other animals, notably in butterflies.
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7. (Elec.) The relation at any instant of a periodically varying electric magnitude, as electro-motive force, a current, etc., to its initial value as expressed in factorial parts of the complete cycle. It is usually expressed in angular measure, the cycle beb four right angles, or 360°. Such periodic variations are generally well represented by sine curves; and phase relations are shown by the relative positions of the crests and hollows of such curves. Magnitudes which have the same phase are said to be in phase.
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8. (Physics) the relation at any instant of any cyclically varying physical quantity, such as voltage in an A.C. circuit, an electromagnetic wave, a sound wave, or a rotating object, to its initial value as expressed as a fractional part of the complete cycle. It is usually expressed in angular measure, the complete cycle being 360°. The concept of phase is also applied generally to any periodically varying phenomenon, as the cycle of daylight. One person who speeps during the day and another who sleeps at noght may be said to be out of phase with each other.
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Phase (fāz), v. t. [Cf. .] To disturb the composure of; to disconcert; to nonplus; -- an older spelling, now replaced by faze. [Colloq., Archaic]
Syn. -- faze. [Webster Suppl. +PJC]

Phase angle. (Elec.) The angle expressing phase relation.
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Phase converter. (Elec.) A machine for converting an alternating current into an alternating current of a different number of phases and the same frequency.
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Phase displacement. (Elec.) A charge of phase whereby an alternating current attains its maximum later or earlier. An inductance would cause a lag, a capacity would cause an advance, in phase.
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Phase in (fāz ĭn), v. t. To begin an activity or to incorporate new elements or replace older elements of an activity in steps, or by degrees.
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Phasel (?), n. [L. phaselus, phaseolus, Gr. �, �: cf. F. phaséole, faséole. Cf. .] The French bean, or kidney bean.
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Phaseless (?), a. Without a phase, or visible form. [R.] “A phaseless and increasing gloom.” Poe.
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{ Phase meter, or Phasemeter }, n. (Elec.) A device for measuring the difference in phase of two alternating currents of electromotive forces.
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Phaseolus (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants, including the Lima bean, the kidney bean, the scarlet runner, etc. See .
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Phaseomannite (?), n. [So called because found in the unripe fruit of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).] (Chem.) Same as .
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Phase out (fāz out), v. t. To halt (an activity) in steps, or gradually; as, to phase out use of 386-based PC's.
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Phase rule. (Phys. Chem.) A generalization with regard to systems of chemical equilibrium, discovered by Prof. J. Willard Gibbs. It may be stated thus: The degree of variableness (number of degrees of freedom) of a system is equal to the number of components minus the number of phases, plus two. Thus, if the components be salt and water, and the phases salt, ice, saturated solution, and vapor, the system is invariant, that is, there is only one set of conditions under which these four phases can exist in equilibrium. If only three phases be considered, the system is univariant, that is, the fixing of one condition, as temperature, determines the others.
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Phase splitter. (Elec.) A device by which a single-phase current is split into two or more currents differing in phase. It is used in starting single-phase induction motors.
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Phase splitting. (Elec.) The dephasing of the two parts of a single alternating current in two dissimilar branches of a given circuit.
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Phasing (?), a. (Elec.) Pertaining to phase or differences of phase.
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Phasing current. The momentary current between two alternating-current generators when juxtaposed in parallel and not agreeing exactly in phase or period.
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Phasing transformer. Any of several transformers (there must be at least two) for changing phase.
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Phasis (?), n.; pl. Phases (#). [NL.] See . Creech.
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{ Phasm (?), Phasma (?), } n. [L. phasma, Gr. �. See .] An apparition; a phantom; an appearance. [R.] Hammond. Sir T. Herbert.
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Phasmid (?), n. [See . Probably so called from its mimicking, or appearing like, inanimate objects.] (Zoöl.) Any orthopterous insect of the family Phasmidæ, as a leaf insect or a stick insect.
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Phassachate (?), n. [Gr. � the wood pigeon + � the agate.] (Min.) The lead-colored agate; -- so called in reference to its color.
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Phatagin (?), n. [Cf. Gr. �; perhaps from native name.] (Zoöl.) The long-tailed pangolin (Manis tetradactyla); -- called also ipi.
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Pheasant (?), n. [OE. fesant, fesaunt, OF. faisant, faisan, F. faisan, L. phasianus, Gr. � (sc. �) the Phasian bird, pheasant, fr. � a river in Colchis or Pontus.] 1. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of large gallinaceous birds of the genus Phasianus, and many other genera of the family Phasianidæ, found chiefly in Asia.
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☞ The Coloq. common pheasant , or Coloq. English pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) is now found over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The Coloq. ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus torquatus) and the Coloq. green pheasant (Phasianus versicolor) have been introduced into Oregon. The Coloq. golden pheasant (Thaumalea picta) is one of the most beautiful species. The Coloq. silver pheasant (Euplocamus nychthemerus) of China, and several related species from Southern Asia, are very beautiful.
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2. (Zoöl.) The ruffed grouse. [Southern U.S.]
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☞ Various other birds are locally called pheasants, as the lyre bird, the leipoa, etc.
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Coloq. Fireback pheasant . See . -- Coloq. Gold pheasant , or Coloq. Golden pheasant (Zoöl.), a Chinese pheasant (Thaumalea picta), having rich, varied colors. The crest is amber-colored, the rump is golden yellow, and the under parts are scarlet. -- Coloq. Mountain pheasant (Zoöl.), the ruffed grouse. [Local, U.S.] -- Coloq. Pheasant coucal (Zoöl.), a large Australian cuckoo (Centropus phasianus). The general color is black, with chestnut wings and brown tail. Called also pheasant cuckoo. The name is also applied to other allied species. -- Coloq. Pheasant duck . (Zoöl.) (a) The pintail. (b) The hooded merganser. -- Coloq. Pheasant parrot (Zoöl.), a large and beautiful Australian parrakeet (Platycercus Adelaidensis). The male has the back black, the feathers margined with yellowish blue and scarlet, the quills deep blue, the wing coverts and cheeks light blue, the crown, sides of the neck, breast, and middle of the belly scarlet. -- Coloq. Pheasant's eye . (Bot.) (a) A red-flowered herb (Adonis autumnalis) of the Crowfoot family; -- called also pheasant's-eye Adonis. (b) The garden pink (Dianthus plumarius); -- called also Pheasant's-eye pink. -- Coloq. Pheasant shell (Zoöl.), any marine univalve shell of the genus Phasianella, of which numerous species are found in tropical seas. The shell is smooth and usually richly colored, the colors often forming blotches like those of a pheasant. -- Coloq. Pheasant wood . (Bot.) Same as Partridge wood (a), under . -- Coloq. Sea pheasant (Zoöl.), the pintail. -- Coloq. Water pheasant . (Zoöl.) (a) The sheldrake. (b) The hooded merganser.
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