Phrenic - Phyllosoma

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Phrenic (?), a. [Gr. �, �, the midriff, or diaphragm, the heart, the mind: cf. F. phrénique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the diaphragm; diaphragmatic; as, the phrenic nerve.
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Phrenics (?), n. That branch of science which relates to the mind; mental philosophy. [R.]
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Phrenism (?), n. [See .] (Biol.) See Vital force, under .
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Phrenitis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �, fr. �, �.] 1. (Med.) Inflammation of the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever and delirium; -- called also cephalitis.
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2. See .
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Phrenograph (?), n. [Gr. �, �, the migriff + -graph.] (Physiol.) An instrument for registering the movements of the diaphragm, or midriff, in respiration.
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Phrenologer (?), n. A phrenologist.
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Phrenologic (?), a. [Cf. F. phrénologique.] Phrenological.
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Phrenological (?), a. Of or pertaining to phrenology. -- Phrenologically, adv.
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Phrenologist (?), n. [Cf. F. phrénologiste.] One versed in phrenology; a craniologist.
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Phrenology (?), n. [Gr. �, �, the mind + -logy: cf. F. phrénologie.] 1. The science of the special functions of the several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the brain.
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2. In popular usage, the physiological hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.
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☞ Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of twenty-six organs, as round inclosures with vacant interspaces. Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole scalp into oblong and conterminous patches. Encyc. Brit.
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Phrenomagnetism (?), n. [Gr. �, �, the mind + E. magnetism.] The power of exciting the organs of the brain by magnetic or mesmeric influence.
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Phrenosin (?), n. [See .] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous body, related to cerebrin, supposed to exist in the brain.
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Phrensied (?), p. p. & a. See .
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Phrensy (?), n. Violent and irrational excitement; delirium. See .
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Phrensy, v. t. To render frantic.
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Phrentic (?), n. & a. See . [Obs.]
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Phryganeid (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any insect belonging to the Phryganeides.
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Phryganeides (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Phryganea, the typical genus, fr. Gr. � a dry stick.] (Zoöl.) A tribe of neuropterous insects which includes the caddice flies; -- called also Trichoptera. See . [Written also Phryganides.]
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Phrygian (?), a. [L. Phrygius, Gr. �, fr. � Phrygia, a country of Asia Minor.] Of or pertaining to Phrygia, or to its inhabitants.
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Coloq. Phrygian mode (Mus.), one of the ancient Greek modes, very bold and vehement in style; -- so called because fabled to have been invented by the Phrygian Marsyas. Moore (Encyc. of Music). -- Coloq. Phrygian stone , a light, spongy stone, resembling a pumice, -- used by the ancients in dyeing, and said to be drying and astringent.
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Phrygian, n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Phrygia.
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2. (Eccl. Hist.) A Montanist.
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Phrygian cap (?). A close-fitting cap represented in Greek art as worn by Orientals, assumed to have been conical in shape. It has been adopted in modern art as the so-called liberty cap, or cap of liberty.
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Phthalate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of phthalic acid.
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Phthalein (?), n. [See .] (Chem.) One of a series of artificial organic dyes made as condensation products of the phenols with phthalic acid, and well represented by phenol phthaleïn. Their alkaline solutions are fluorescent.
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Coloq. Phenol phthalein , a white or yellowish white crystalline substance made from phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution in alkalies is brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids, and as this reaction is exceedingly delicate it is used as an indicator.
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Phthalic (?), a. [Naphthalene + -ic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.
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Coloq. Phthalic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO2H)2, analogous to benzoic acid, and employed in the brilliant dyestuffs called the phthaleins.
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Phthalide (?), n. [Phthalyl + anhydride.] (Chem.) A lactone obtained by reduction of phthalyl chloride, as a white crystalline substance; hence, by extension, any one of the series of which phthalide proper is the type. [Written also phthalid.]
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Phthalimide (?), n. [Phthalic + imide.] (Chem.) An imido derivative of phthalic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO)2NH, which has itself (like succinimide) acid properties, and forms a series of salts. Cf. Imido acid, under .
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Phthalin (?), n. (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance obtained by reduction from phthaleïn, into which it is easily converted by oxidation; hence, any one of the series of which phthalin proper is the type.
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Phthalyl (?), n. [Phthalic + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical of phthalic acid.
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Phthiriasis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �, fr. � louse.] (Med.) A disease (morbus pediculous) consisting in the excessive multiplication of lice on the human body.
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Phthisic (?), n. Same as .
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Phthisical (?), a. [L. phthisicus, Gr. �: cf. F. phthisique. See .] Of or pertaining to phthisis; affected with phthisis; wasting; consumptive.
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Phthisicky (?), a. Having phthisis, or some symptom of it, as difficulty in breathing.
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Phthisiology (?), n. [Phthisis + -logy.] (Med.) A treatise on phthisis. Dunglison.
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{ Phthisipneumonia (?), Phthisipneumony (?), } n. [NL. See , .] (Med.) Pulmonary consumption.
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Phthisis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �, fr. � to pass or waste away: cf. F. phthisie.] (Med.) A wasting or consumption of the tissues. The term was formerly applied to many wasting diseases, but is now usually restricted to pulmonary phthisis, or consumption. See .
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Coloq. Fibroid phthisis . See under .
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Phthongal (?), a. [Gr. � voice.] Formed into, or characterized by, voice; vocalized; -- said of all the vowels and the semivowels, also of the vocal or sonant consonants g, d, b, l, r, v, z, etc.
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Phthongal, n. A vocalized element or letter.
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Phthongometer (?), n. [Gr. � voice + -meter.] An instrument for measuring vocal sounds. Whewell.
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Phthor (?), n. [F. phthore, Gr. � to destroy.] (Old Chem.) Fluorine. [Written also phthor.]
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Phycite (?), n. [Gr. � seaweed.] (Chem.) See , 1.
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Phycochrome (?), n. [Gr. � seaweed + � color.] (Bot.) A bluish green coloring matter of certain algæ.
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{ Phycocyanin (?), Phycocyanine (?), } n. [Gr. � seaweed + E. cyanin.] A blue coloring matter found in certain algæ.
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{ Phycoerythrin (?), Phycoerythrine (?), } n. [Gr. � seaweed + E. erythrin, -ine.] A red coloring matter found in algæ of the subclass Florideæ.
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Phycography (?), n. [Gr. � seaweed + -graphy.] A description of seaweeds.
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Phycology (?), n. [Gr. � seaweed + -logy.] The science of algæ, or seaweeds; algology.
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Phycomater (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � seaweed + L. mater mother.] (Bot.) A gelatin in which the algæ spores have been supposed to vegetate.
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Phycomycetes (?), n. pl. [NL.; Gr. � seaweed + mycetes.] (Bot.) A large, important class of parasitic or saprophytic fungi, the algal or algalike fungi. The plant body ranges from an undifferentiated mass of protoplasm to a well-developed and much-branched mycelium. Reproduction is mainly sexual, by the formation of conidia or sporangia; but the group shows every form of transition from this method through simple conjugation to perfect sexual reproduction by egg and sperm in the higher forms. -- Phycomycetous (#), a.
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Phycophæine (?), n. [Gr. � seaweed + (�) dusky.] A brown coloring matter found in certain algæ.
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{ Phycoxanthin (?), Phycoxanthine (?), } n. [Gr. � seaweed + � yellow.] A yellowish coloring matter found in certain algæ.
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Phylacter (?), n. A phylactery. Sandys.
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Phylactered (?), a. Wearing a phylactery.
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{ Phylacteric (?), Phylacterical (?), } a. Of or pertaining to phylacteries.
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Phylactery (?), n.; pl. Phylacteries (#). [OE. filateri, OF. filatire, filatiere, F. phylactère, L. phylacterium, Gr. �, fr. � a watcher, guard, � to watch, guard. Cf. .] 1. Any charm or amulet worn as a preservative from danger or disease.
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2. A small square box, made either of parchment or of black calfskin, containing slips of parchment or vellum on which are written the scriptural passages Exodus xiii. 2-10, and 11-17, Deut. vi. 4-9, 13-22. They are worn by Jews on the head and left arm, on week-day mornings, during the time of prayer. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.
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3. Among the primitive Christians, a case in which the relics of the dead were inclosed.
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Phylactocarp (?), n. [Gr. � to guard + � fruit.] (Zoöl.) A branch of a plumularian hydroid specially modified in structure for the protection of the gonothecæ.
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{ Phylactolæma (?), Phylactolæmata (?), } n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � to guard + � the gullet.] (Zoöl.) An order of fresh-water Bryozoa in which the tentacles are arranged on a horseshoe-shaped lophophore, and the mouth is covered by an epistome. Called also Lophopoda, and hippocrepians.
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Phylactolæmatous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Phylactolæma.
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{ Phylactolema (?), Phylactolemata (?), } n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Phylarch (?), n. [L. phylarchus, Gr. �. See , and .] (Gr. Antiq.) The chief of a phyle, or tribe.
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Phylarchy (?), n. [Gr. �.] The office of a phylarch; government of a class or tribe.
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Phyle (?), n.; pl. Phylæ (#). [NL., fr. Gr. � a body of men united by ties of blood or habitation.] A local division of the people in ancient Athens; a clan; a tribe.
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Phyllite (?), n. [See .] (Min.) (a) A mineral related to ottrelite. (b) Clay slate; argillaceous schist.
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Phyllo- (?). A combining form from Gr. � a leaf; as, phyllopod, phyllotaxy.
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Phyllobranchia (?), n.; pl. Phyllobranciæ (#). [NL. See , and .] (Zoöl.) A crustacean gill composed of lamellæ.
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Phyllocladium (?), n.; pl. Phyllocladia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. � a leaf + � a sprout.] (Bot.) A flattened stem or branch which more or less resembles a leaf, and performs the function of a leaf as regards respiration and assimilation.
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Phyllocyanin (?), n. [Phyllo- + cyanin.] (Chem.) A blue coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll. [Written also phyllocyanine.]
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Phyllocyst (?), n. [Phyllo- + cyst.] (Zoöl.) The cavity of a hydrophyllium.
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Phyllode (?), n. (Bot.) Same as .
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Phyllodineous (?), a. (Bot.) Having phyllodia; relating to phyllodia.
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Phyllodium (?), n.; pl. Phyllodia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. � leaflike; � leaf + e'i^dos form.] (Bot.) A petiole dilated into the form of a blade, and usually with vertical edges, as in the Australian acacias.
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Phyllody (?), n. [See .] (Bot.) A retrograde metamorphosis of the floral organs to the condition of leaves.
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Phylloid (?), a. [Phyllo- + -oid.] Resembling a leaf.
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Phyllomania (?), n. [Phyllo- + mania.] (Bot.) An abnormal or excessive production of leaves.
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Phyllome (?), n. [Gr. � foliage, fr. � a leaf.] (Bot.) A foliar part of a plant; any organ homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a leaf.
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Phyllomorphosis (?), n. [NL. See , .] (Bot.) The succession and variation of leaves during different seasons. R. Brown.
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Phyllophagan (?), n. [Phyllo- + Gr. � to eat.] (Zoöl.) (a) One of a group of marsupials including the phalangists. (b) One of a tribe of beetles which feed upon the leaves of plants, as the chafers.
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Phyllophagous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Substituting on leaves; leaf-eating.
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Phyllophorous (?), a. [Phyllo- + Gr. ferein to bear.] (Bot.) Leaf-bearing; producing leaves.
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Phyllopod (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Phyllopoda. [Also used adjectively.]
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Phyllopoda (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. � a leaf + -poda.] (Zoöl.) An order of Entomostraca including a large number of species, most of which live in fresh water. They have flattened or leaflike legs, often very numerous, which they use in swimming. Called also Branchiopoda.
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☞ In some, the body is covered with a bivalve shell (Holostraca); in others, as Apus, by a shield-shaped carapace (Monostraca); in others, like Artemia, there is no carapace, and the body is regularly segmented. Sometimes the group is made to include also the Cladocera.
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Phyllopodous (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Phyllopoda.
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Phyllorhine (?), a. [Phyllo- + Gr. �, �, the nose.] (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to Phyllorhina and other related genera of bats that have a leaflike membrane around the nostrils.
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Phyllosoma (?), n. [NL. See , and body.] (Zoöl.) The larva of the spiny lobsters (Palinurus and allied genera). Its body is remarkably thin, flat, and transparent; the legs are very long. Called also glass-crab, and glass-shrimp.
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