Plasmatic - Platinic

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{ Plasmatic (?), Plasmatical (?), } a. [Gr. �.] 1. Forming; shaping; molding. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
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2. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to plasma; having the character of plasma; containing, or conveying, plasma.
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Plasmation (?), n. [L. plasmatio.] The act of forming or molding. [R.] Grafton.
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Plasmator (?), n. [L.] A former; a fashioner. [R.] “The sovereign plasmator, God Almighty.” Urquhart.
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Plasmature (?), n. Form; mold. [R.]
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Plasmic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or connected with, plasma; plasmatic.
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Plasmid (?), n. (Molecular genetics) A piece of DNA, usually circular, functioning as part of the genetic material of a cell, not integrated with the chromosome and replicating independently of the chromosome, but transferred, like the chromosome, to subsequent generations of daughter cells. In bacteria, plasmids often carry the genes for antibiotic resistance; they are exploited in genetic engineering as the vehicles for introduction of extraneous DNA into cells, to alter the genetic makeup of the cell. The cells thus altered may produce desirable proteins which are extracted and used; in the case of genetically altered plant cells, the altered cells may grow into complete plants with changed properties, as for example, increased resistance to disease.
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Plasmin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A proteid body, separated by some physiologists from blood plasma. It is probably identical with fibrinogen.
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Plasmodial (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to, or like, a plasmodium; as, the plasmodial form of a life cycle.
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Plasmodium (?), n.; pl. Plasmodia (#). [NL. See .] 1. (Biol.) A jellylike mass of free protoplasm, without any union of amœboid cells, and endowed with life and power of motion.
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2. (Zoöl.) A naked mobile mass of protoplasm, formed by the union of several amœbalike young, and constituting one of the stages in the life cycle of Mycetozoa and other low organisms.
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Plasmogen (?), n. [Plasma + -gen.] (Biol.) The important living portion of protoplasm, considered a chemical substance of the highest elaboration. Germ plasm and idioplasm are forms of plasmogen.
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Plasmon (?), n. [Cf. .] A flourlike food preparation made from skim milk, and consisting essentially of the unaltered proteid of milk. It is also used in making biscuits and crackers, for mixing with cocoa, etc. A mixture of this with butter, water, and salt is called Plasmon butter, and resembles clotted cream in appearance.
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Plasson (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. � to form.] (Biol.) The albuminous material composing the body of a cytode.
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☞ It is considered simpler than protoplasm of an ordinary cell in that it has not undergone differentiation into the inner cell nucleus and the outer cell substance. Haeckel.
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Plaster (?), n. [AS., a plaster (in sense 1), fr. L. emplastrum, Gr. �, �, fr. � to daub on, stuff in; � in + � to mold: cf. OF. plastre a plaster (in sense 2), F. plâtre. Cf. , , .] [Formerly written also plaister.] 1. (Med.) An external application of a consistency harder than ointment, prepared for use by spreading it on linen, leather, silk, or other material. It is adhesive at the ordinary temperature of the body, and is used, according to its composition, to produce a medicinal effect, to bind parts together, etc.; as, a porous plaster; sticking plaster.
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2. A composition of lime, water, and sand, with or without hair as a bond, for coating walls, ceilings, and partitions of houses. See .
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3. Calcined gypsum, or plaster of Paris, especially when ground, as used for making ornaments, figures, moldings, etc.; or calcined gypsum used as a fertilizer.
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Coloq. Plaster cast , a copy of an object obtained by pouring plaster of Paris mixed with water into a mold. -- Coloq. Plaster of Paris . [So called because originally brought from a suburb of Paris.] (Chem.) Anhydrous calcium sulphate, or calcined gypsum, which forms with water a paste which soon sets or hardens, and is used for casts, moldings, etc. The term is loosely applied to any plaster stone or species of gypsum. -- Coloq. Plaster of Paris bandage (Surg.), a bandage saturated with a paste of plaster of Paris, which on drying forms a perfectly fitting splint. -- Coloq. Plaster stone , any species of gypsum. See .
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Plaster, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Plastered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Plastering.] [Cf. OF. plastrer to plaster (in sense 2), F. plâtrer.] 1. To cover with a plaster, as a wound or sore.
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2. To overlay or cover with plaster, as the ceilings and walls of a house.
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3. Fig.: To smooth over; to cover or conceal the defects of; to hide, as with a covering of plaster. Bale.
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Plasterer (?), n. 1. One who applies plaster or mortar. “Thy father was a plasterer.” Shak.
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2. One who makes plaster casts. “The plasterer doth make his figures by addition.” Sir H. Wotton.
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Plastering, n. 1. Same as , n., 2.
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2. The act or process of overlaying with plaster.
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3. A covering of plaster; plasterwork.
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Plasterly, a. Resembling plaster of Paris. [R.] “Out of gypseous or plasterly ground.” Fuller.
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Plasterwork (?), n. Plastering used to finish architectural constructions, exterior or interior, especially that used for the lining of rooms. Ordinarly, mortar is used for the greater part of the work, and pure plaster of Paris for the moldings and ornaments.
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Plastery, a. Of the nature of plaster.
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The stone . . . is a poor plastery material. Clough.
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-plastic (-plăstĭk). [Gr. � fit for molding, plastic, fr. � to mold, to form.] A combining form signifying developing, forming, growing; as, heteroplastic, monoplastic, polyplastic.
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Plastic (plăstĭk), a. [L. plasticus, Gr. �, fr. � to form, mold: cf. F. plastique.] 1. Having the power to give form or fashion to a mass of matter; as, the plastic hand of the Creator. Prior.
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See plastic Nature working to his end. Pope.
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2. Capable of being molded, formed, or modeled, as clay or plaster; -- used also figuratively; as, the plastic mind of a child.
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3. Pertaining or appropriate to, or characteristic of, molding or modeling; produced by, or appearing as if produced by, molding or modeling; -- said of sculpture and the kindred arts, in distinction from painting and the graphic arts.
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Medallions . . . fraught with the plastic beauty and grace of the palmy days of Italian art. J. S. Harford.
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Coloq. Plastic clay (Geol.), one of the beds of the Eocene period; -- so called because used in making pottery. Lyell. -- Coloq. Plastic element (Physiol.), one that bears within the germs of a higher form. -- Coloq. Plastic exudation (Med.), an exudation thrown out upon a wounded surface and constituting the material of repair by which the process of healing is effected. -- Coloq. Plastic foods . (Physiol.) See the second Note under . -- Coloq. Plastic force . (Physiol.) See under . -- Coloq. Plastic operation , an operation in plastic surgery. -- Coloq. Plastic surgery , that branch of surgery which is concerned with the repair or restoration of lost, injured, or deformed parts of the body.
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plastic (plăstĭk), n. A substance composed predominantly of a synthetic organic high polymer capable of being cast or molded; many varieties of plastic are used to produce articles of commerce (after 1900). [MW10 gives origin of word as 1905]
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Plastical (?), a. See . [R.]
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Plastically, adv. In a plastic manner.
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Plasticity (?), n. [Cf. F. plasticité.] 1. The quality or state of being plastic.
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2. (Physiol.) Plastic force. Dunglison.
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{ Plastid (?), Plastide (?), } n. [Gr. �, �, a creator.] 1. (Biol.) A formative particle of albuminous matter; a monad; a cytode. See the Note under . [Archaic] Haeckel.
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2. (Bot.) any of several types of minute granules found in the protoplasm of vegetable cells, having their own membrane, robosomes, and DNA. Among plant cells the most common are chloroplasts, which contain the chlorophyll and the photosynthetic machinery of the cell. They are divided by their colors into three classes, chloroplastids, chromoplastids, and leucoplastids.
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Plastidozoa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. �, �, creator + � animal.] (Zoöl.) Same as .
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Plastidule (?), n. [Dim. fr. .] (Biol.) One of the small particles or organic molecules of protoplasm. Haeckel.
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Plastin (?), n. [Gr. � to form, mold.] (Biol.) A substance associated with nuclein in cell nuclei, and by some considered as the fundamental substance of the nucleus.
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Plastography (?), n. [Gr. �; � fored, molded + � to write.] 1. The art of forming figures in any plastic material.
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2. Imitation of handwriting; forgery.
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Plastron (?), n. [F. plastron breastplate, plastron, LL. plastra a thin plate of metal. See .] 1. A piece of leather stuffed or padded, worn by fencers to protect the breast. Dryden.
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3. (Anc. Armor) An iron breastplate, worn under the hauberk.
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3. (Anat.) The ventral shield or shell of tortoises and turtles. See .
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4. A trimming for the front of a woman's dress, made of a different material, and narrowing from the shoulders to the waist.
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-plasty (?). [Gr. � to mold, form.] A combining form denoting the act or process of forming, development, growth; as, autoplasty, perineoplasty.
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Plat (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Platted; p. pr. & vb. n. Platting.] [See .] To form by interlaying interweaving; to braid; to plait. “They had platted a crown of thorns.” Matt. xxvii. 29.
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Plat, n. Work done by platting or braiding; a plait.
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Her hair, nor loose, nor tied in formal plat. Shak.
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Plat, n. [Cf. flat, which perh. caused this spelling, and a piece of ground.] A small piece or plot of ground laid out with some design, or for a special use; usually, a portion of flat, even ground.
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This flowery plat, the sweet recess of Eve. Milton.
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I keep smooth plat of fruitful ground. Tennyson.
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Plat, v. t. To lay out in plats or plots, as ground.
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Plat, a. [F. plat. See , n.] Plain; flat; level. [Obs.] Gower.
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Plat, adv. 1. Plainly; flatly; downright. [Obs.]
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But, sir, ye lie, I tell you plat. Rom. of R.
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2. Flatly; smoothly; evenly. [Obs.] Drant.
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Plat, n. 1. The flat or broad side of a sword. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Chaucer.
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2. A plot; a plan; a design; a diagram; a map; a chart. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] “To note all the islands, and to set them down in plat.” Hakluyt.
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Platan (?), n. [L. platanus. See the tree.] [Written also platane.] The plane tree. Tennyson.
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Platanist (?), n. [L. platanista a sort of fish, Gr. �: cf. F. plataniste.] (Zoöl.) The soosoo.
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Platanus (?), n. [See the tree.] (Bot.) A genus of trees; the plane tree.
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Platband (?), n. [F. plate-bande; plat, plate, flat, level + bande a band.] 1. A border of flowers in a garden, along a wall or a parterre; hence, a border.
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2. (Arch.) (a) A flat molding, or group of moldings, the width of which much exceeds its projection, as the face of an architrave. (b) A list or fillet between the flutings of a column.
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Plate (?), n. [OF. plate a plate of metal, a cuirsas, F. plat a plate, a shallow vessel of silver, other metal, or earth, fr. plat flat, Gr. �. See , n.] 1. A flat, or nearly flat, piece of metal, the thickness of which is small in comparison with the other dimensions; a thick sheet of metal; as, a steel plate.
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2. Metallic armor composed of broad pieces.
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Mangled . . . through plate and mail. Milton.
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3. Domestic vessels and utensils, as flagons, dishes, cups, etc., wrought in gold or silver.
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4. Metallic ware which is plated, in distinction from that which is silver or gold throughout.
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5. A small, shallow, and usually circular, vessel of metal or wood, or of earth glazed and baked, from which food is eaten at table.
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6. [Cf. Sp. plata silver.] A piece of money, usually silver money. [Obs.] “Realms and islands were as plates dropp'd from his pocket.” Shak.
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7. A piece of metal on which anything is engraved for the purpose of being printed; hence, an impression from the engraved metal; as, a book illustrated with plates; a fashion plate.
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8. A page of stereotype, electrotype, or the like, for printing from; as, publisher's plates.
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9. That part of an artificial set of teeth which fits to the mouth, and holds the teeth in place. It may be of gold, platinum, silver, rubber, celluloid, etc.
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10. (Arch.) A horizontal timber laid upon a wall, or upon corbels projecting from a wall, and supporting the ends of other timbers; also used specifically of the roof plate which supports the ends of the roof trusses or, in simple work, the feet of the rafters.
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11. (Her.) A roundel of silver or tinctured argent.
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12. (Photog.) A sheet of glass, porcelain, metal, etc., with a coating that is sensitive to light.
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13. A prize giving to the winner in a contest.
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14. (Baseball) A small five-sided area (enveloping a diamond-shaped area one foot square) beside which the batter stands and which must be touched by some part of a player on completing a run; -- called also home base, or home plate.
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15. One of the thin parts of the bricket of an animal.
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16. A very light steel racing horsehoe.
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17. Loosely, a sporting contest for a prize; specif., in horse racing, a race for a prize, the contestants not making a stake.
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18. Skins for fur linings of garments, sewed together and roughly shaped, but not finally cut or fitted. [Furrier's Cant]
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19. (Hat Making) The fine nap (as of beaver, hare's wool, musquash, nutria, or English black wool) on a hat the body of which is of an inferior substance.
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20. a quantity sufficient to fill a plate; a ; a dish containing that quantity; a plate of spaghetti.
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21. the food and service supplied to a customer at a restaurant; as, the turkey dinner is $9 a plate; I'll have a plate of spaghetti.
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22. a flat dish of glass or plastic with a fitted cover, used for culturing microorganisms in a laboratory.
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23. the identification tag required to be displayed on the outside of a vehicle; same as ; -- often used in the plural.
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24. an agenda or schedule of tasks to be performed; I have a lot on my plate today. [colloq.]
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☞ Plate is sometimes used in an adjectival sense or in combination, the phrase or compound being in most cases of obvious signification; as, plate basket or plate-basket, plate rack or plate-rack.
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Coloq. Home plate . (Baseball) See Home base, under . -- Coloq. Plate armor . (a) See , n., 2. (b) Strong metal plates for protecting war vessels, fortifications, and the like. -- Coloq. Plate bone , the shoulder blade, or scapula. -- Coloq. Plate girder , a girder, the web of which is formed of a single vertical plate, or of a series of such plates riveted together. -- Coloq. Plate glass . See under . -- Coloq. Plate iron , wrought iron plates. -- Coloq. Plate layer , a workman who lays down the rails of a railway and fixes them to the sleepers or ties. -- Coloq. Plate mark , a special mark or emblematic figure stamped upon gold or silver plate, to indicate the place of manufacture, the degree of purity, and the like; thus, the local mark for London is a lion. -- Coloq. Plate paper , a heavy spongy paper, for printing from engraved plates. Fairholt. -- Coloq. Plate press , a press with a flat carriage and a roller, -- used for printing from engraved steel or copper plates. -- Coloq. Plate printer , one who prints from engraved plates. -- Coloq. Plate printing , the act or process of printing from an engraved plate or plates. -- Coloq. Plate tracery . (Arch.) See under . -- Coloq. Plate wheel (Mech.), a wheel, the rim and hub of which are connected by a continuous plate of metal, instead of by arms or spokes.
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Plate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Plated; p. pr. & vb. n. Plating.] 1. To cover or overlay with gold, silver, or other metals, either by a mechanical process, as hammering, or by a chemical process, as electrotyping.
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2. To cover or overlay with plates of metal; to arm with metal for defense.
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Thus plated in habiliments of war. Shak.
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3. To adorn with plated metal; as, a plated harness.
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4. To beat into thin, flat pieces, or laminæ.
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5. To calender; as, to plate paper.
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Plateau (?), n.; pl. F. Plateaux (F. �; E. �), E. Plateaus (#). [F., fr. OF. platel, properly a little plate. See .] 1. A flat surface; especially, a broad, level, elevated area of land; a table-land.
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2. An ornamental dish for the table; a tray or salver.
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Plateful (?), n.; pl. Platefuls (�). Enough to fill a plate; as much as a plate will hold.
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Plate-gilled (?), a. (Zoöl.) Having flat, or leaflike, gills, as the bivalve mollusks.
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Platel (?), n. [OF. See .] A small dish.
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Platen (?), n. [F. platine, fr. plat flat. See , and cf. .] (Mach.) (a) The part of a printing press which presses the paper against the type and by which the impression is made. (b) Hence, an analogous part of a typewriter, on which the paper rests to receive an impression. (c) The movable table of a machine tool, as a planer, on which the work is fastened, and presented to the action of the tool; -- also called table.
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Plater (?), n. One who plates or coats articles with gold or silver; as, a silver plater.
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2. A machine for calendering paper.
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Plater (?), n. (Horse Racing) A horse that runs chiefly in plate, esp. selling-plate, races; hence, an inferior race horse.
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Plateresque (?), a. [Sp. resco, from plata silver.] (Arch.) Resembling silver plate; -- said of certain architectural ornaments.
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Platetrope (?), n. [Gr. � breadth + � to turn.] (Anat.) One of a pair of a paired organs.
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plate tectonics (?), n. (Geol.) A geological theory which holds that the crust of the earth (the lithosphere) is divided into a small number of large separate plates which float and move slowly around on the more plastic asthenosphere, breaking apart and moving away from each other at points where magma upwells from below, and, driven by such upwellings and other currents on the athenosphere, sliding past each other, colliding with each other, and in some cases being submerged (subducted) one below the other. This theory is now widely accepted, and explains many geological phenomena such as the clustered locations of earthquakes, mountain building, volcanism, and the similarities observed between the geology of continents, such as South America and Africa which are now far apart, but, according to the theory, were once joined together. The motions of such tectonic plates are very slow, typically only several centimeters per year, but over tens and hundreds of millions of years, cause very large changes in the relative positions of the continents. The consequence of such movement of plates is called .
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Platform (?), n. [Plat, a. + -form: cf. F. plateforme.] 1. A plat; a plan; a sketch; a model; a pattern. Used also figuratively. [Obs.] Bacon.
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2. A place laid out after a model. [Obs.]
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lf the platform just reflects the order. Pope.
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3. Any flat or horizontal surface; especially, one that is raised above some particular level, as a framework of timber or boards horizontally joined so as to form a roof, or a raised floor, or portion of a floor; a landing; a dais; a stage, for speakers, performers, or workmen; a standing place.
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4. A declaration of the principles upon which a person, a sect, or a party proposes to stand; a declared policy or system; as, the Saybrook platform; a political platform. “The platform of Geneva.” Hooker.
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5. (Naut.) A light deck, usually placed in a section of the hold or over the floor of the magazine. See .
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Coloq. Platform car , a railway car without permanent raised sides or covering; a f�at. -- Coloq. Platform scale , a weighing machine, with a flat platform on which objects are weighed.
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Platform, v. t. 1. To place on a platform. [R.]
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2. To form a plan of; to model; to lay out. [Obs.]
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Church discipline is platformed in the Bible. Milton.
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Plathelminth (?), n. (Zoöl.) A member of the Platyhelminthes.
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Plathelminthes (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoöl.) Same as ; -- an older term.
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Platin (?), n. (Mach.) See .
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Platina (?), n. [Sp. or NL. See .] (Chem.) Platinum.
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Coloq. Platina mohr , platinum black. -- Coloq. Platina yellow , a pigment prepared from platinum.
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Plating (?), n. 1. The art or process of covering anything with a plate or plates, or with metal, particularly of overlaying a base or dull metal with a thin plate of precious or bright metal, as by mechanical means or by electro-magnetic deposition.
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2. A thin coating of metal laid upon another metal.
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3. A coating or defensive armor of metal (usually steel) plates.
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Platinic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing, platinum; -- used specifically to designate those compounds in which the element has a higher valence, as contrasted with the platinous compounds; as, platinic chloride (PtCl4).
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