Root - Rose

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2. An edible or esculent root, especially of such plants as produce a single root, as the beet, carrot, etc.; as, the root crop.
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3. That which resembles a root in position or function, esp. as a source of nourishment or support; that from which anything proceeds as if by growth or development; as, the root of a tooth, a nail, a cancer, and the like. Specifically: (a) An ancestor or progenitor; and hence, an early race; a stem.
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They were the roots out of which sprang two distinct people. Locke.
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(b) A primitive form of speech; one of the earliest terms employed in language; a word from which other words are formed; a radix, or radical. (c) The cause or occasion by which anything is brought about; the source. “She herself . . . is root of bounty.” Chaucer.
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The love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. 1 Tim. vi. 10 (rev. Ver.)
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(d) (Math.) That factor of a quantity which when multiplied into itself will produce that quantity; thus, 3 is a root of 9, because 3 multiplied into itself produces 9; 3 is the cube root of 27. (e) (Mus.) The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed. Busby.
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(f) The lowest place, position, or part. “Deep to the roots of hell.” Milton. “The roots of the mountains.” Southey.
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4. (Astrol.) The time which to reckon in making calculations.
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When a root is of a birth yknowe [known]. Chaucer.
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Coloq. Aërial roots . (Bot.) (a) Small roots emitted from the stem of a plant in the open air, which, attaching themselves to the bark of trees, etc., serve to support the plant. (b) Large roots growing from the stem, etc., which descend and establish themselves in the soil. See Illust. of . -- Coloq. Multiple primary root (Bot.), a name given to the numerous roots emitted from the radicle in many plants, as the squash. -- Coloq. Primary root (Bot.), the central, first-formed, main root, from which the rootlets are given off. -- Coloq. Root and branch , every part; wholly; completely; as, to destroy an error root and branch. -- Coloq. Root-and-branch men , radical reformers; -- a designation applied to the English Independents (1641). See Citation under , n., 2. -- Coloq. Root barnacle (Zoöl.), one of the Rhizocephala. -- Coloq. Root hair (Bot.), one of the slender, hairlike fibers found on the surface of fresh roots. They are prolongations of the superficial cells of the root into minute tubes. Gray. -- Coloq. Root leaf (Bot.), a radical leaf. See , a., 3 (b). -- Coloq. Root louse (Zoöl.), any plant louse, or aphid, which lives on the roots of plants, as the Phylloxera of the grapevine. See . -- Coloq. Root of an equation (Alg.), that value which, substituted for the unknown quantity in an equation, satisfies the equation. -- Coloq. Root of a nail (Anat.), the part of a nail which is covered by the skin. -- Coloq. Root of a tooth (Anat.), the part of a tooth contained in the socket and consisting of one or more fangs. -- Coloq. Secondary roots (Bot.), roots emitted from any part of the plant above the radicle. -- Coloq. To strike root , Coloq. To take root , to send forth roots; to become fixed in the earth, etc., by a root; hence, in general, to become planted, fixed, or established; to increase and spread; as, an opinion takes root. “The bended twigs take root.” Milton.
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Root (r�t), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Rooted; p. pr. & vb. n. Rooting.] 1. To fix the root; to enter the earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.
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In deep grounds the weeds root deeper. Mortimer.
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2. To be firmly fixed; to be established.
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If any irregularity chanced to intervene and to cause misappehensions, he gave them not leave to root and fasten by concealment. Bp. Fell.
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Root, v. i. [Cf. to roar.] To shout for, or otherwise noisly applaud or encourage, a contestant, as in sports; hence, to wish earnestly for the success of some one or the happening of some event, with the superstitious notion that this action may have efficacy; -- usually with for; as, the crowd rooted for the home team. [Slang or Cant, U. S.]
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Root, v. t. 1. To plant and fix deeply in the earth, or as in the earth; to implant firmly; hence, to make deep or radical; to establish; -- used chiefly in the participle; as, rooted trees or forests; rooted dislike.
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2. To tear up by the root; to eradicate; to extirpate; -- with up, out, or away. “I will go root away the noisome weeds.” Shak.
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The Lord rooted them out of their land . . . and cast them into another land. Deut. xxix. 28.
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Rootcap (r�tkăp), n. (Bot.) A mass of parenchymatous cells which covers and protects the growing cells at the end of a root; a pileorhiza.
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Rooted, a. Having taken root; firmly implanted; fixed in the heart. “A rooted sorrow.” Shak.
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-- Rootedly, adv. -- Rootedness, n.
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Rooter (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, roots; one that tears up by the roots.
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2. One who roots, or applauds. [Slang, U. S.]
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Rootery, n. A pile of roots, set with plants, mosses, etc., and used as an ornamental object in gardening.
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Rootless, a. Destitute of roots.
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Rootlet (?), n. A radicle; a little root.
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Rootstock (?), n. (Bot.) A perennial underground stem, producing leafly s�ems or flower stems from year to year; a rhizome.
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Rooty (?), a. Full of roots; as, rooty ground.
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Ropalic (?), a. See .
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Rope (?), n. [AS. rāp; akin to D. reep, G. reif ring hoop, Icel. reip rope, Sw. rep, Dan. reb, reeb Goth. skaudaraip latchet.] 1. A large, stout cord, usually one not less than an inch in circumference, made of strands twisted or braided together. It differs from cord, line, and string, only in its size. See .
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2. A row or string consisting of a number of things united, as by braiding, twining, etc.; as, a rope of onions.
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3. pl. The small intestines; as, the ropes of birds.
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Coloq. Rope ladder , a ladder made of ropes. -- Coloq. Rope mat ., a mat made of cordage, or strands of old rope. -- Coloq. Rope of sand , something of no cohession or fiber; a feeble union or tie; something not to be relied upon. -- Coloq. Rope pump , a pump in which a rapidly running endless rope raises water by the momentum communicated to the water by its adhesion to the rope. -- Coloq. Rope transmission (Mach.), a method of transmitting power, as between distant places, by means of endless ropes running over grooved pulleys. -- Coloq. Rope's end , a piece of rope; especially, one used as a lash in inflicting punishment. -- Coloq. To give one rope , to give one liberty or license; to let one go at will uncheked.
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Rope (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Roped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Roping.] To be formed into rope; to draw out or extend into a filament or thread, as by means of any glutinous or adhesive quality.
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Let us not hang like ropingicicles
Upon our houses' thatch. Shak.
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Rope, v. t. 1. To bind, fasten, or tie with a rope or cord; as, to rope a bale of goods. Hence: --
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2. To connect or fasten together, as a party of mountain climbers, with a rope.
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3. To partition, separate, or divide off, by means of a rope, so as to include or exclude something; as, to rope in, or rope off, a plot of ground; to rope out a crowd.
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4. To lasso (a steer, horse). [Colloq. U.S.]
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5. To draw, as with a rope; to entice; to inveigle; to decoy; as, to rope in customers or voters. [Slang, U.S.]
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6. To prevent from winning (as a horse), by pulling or curbing. [Racing Slang, Eng.]
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Ropeband (?), n. (Naut.) A small piece of spun yarn or marline, used to fasten the head of the sail to the spar. [Written also roband, and robbin.]
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Ropedancer (?), n. One who dances, walks, or performs acrobatic feats, on a rope extended through the air at some height. -- Ropedancing, n.
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Roper (?), n. 1. A maker of ropes. P. Plowman.
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2. One who ropes goods; a packer.
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3. One fit to be hanged. [Old Slang] Douce.
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Ropery (?), n. 1. A place where ropes are made.
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2. Tricks deserving the halter; roguery. [Obs.] “Saucy merchant . . . so full of his ropery.” Shak.
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Rope's-end (?), v. t. To punish with a rope's end.
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Ropewalk (?), a. A long, covered walk, or a low, level building, where ropes are manufactured.
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Ropewalker (?), n. A ropedancer.
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Rope-yarn (?), n. the yarn or thread of any stuff of which the strands of a rope are made.
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Ropily (?), adv. In a ropy manner; in a viscous or glutinous manner.
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Ropiness, n. Quality of being ropy; viscosity.
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Ropish, a. Somewhat ropy.
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Ropy (?), a. capable of being drawn into a thread, as a glutinous substance; stringy; viscous; tenacious; glutinous; as ropy sirup; ropy lees.
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Roque (rōk), n. [Abbr. fr. .] A form of croquet modified for greater accuracy of play. The court has a wood border often faced with rubber, used as a cushion in bank shots. The balls are 31/4 in. in diameter, the cage (center arches or wickets) 33/8 in. wide, the other arches 31/2 in. wide.
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{ Roquefort cheese, or Roquefort } (?), n. A highly flavored blue-molded cheese, made at Roquefort, department of Aveyron, France. It is made from milk of ewes, sometimes with cow's milk added, and is cured in caves. Improperly, a cheese made in imitation of it.
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Roquelaure (?; 277), n. [F.; so called after Duc de Roquelaure, in the reign of Louis XIV.] A cloak reaching about to, or just below, the knees, worn in the 18th century. [Written also roquelo.]
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Roquet (?), v. t. [Etymol. uncertain] (Croquet) To hit, as another's ball, with one's own ball.
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Roquet, v. i. To hit another's ball with one's own.
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Roral (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Of or pertaining to dew; consisting of dew; dewy. [R.] M. Green.
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Roration (?), n. [L. roratio, fr. rorare to drop dew, fr. ros dew.] A falling of dew. [R.]
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Roric (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Of or pertaining to dew; resembling dew; dewy.
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Coloq. Roric figures (Physics), figures which appear upon a polished surface, as glass, when objects which have been near to, or in contact with, the surface are removed and the surface breathed upon; -- called also Moser's images.
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Rorid (?), a. [L. roridus, fr. ros, roris, dew.] Dewy; bedewed. [R.] T. Granger.
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Roriferous (?), a. [L. rorifer; ros, roris, dew + ferre to bear: cf. F. rorifère.] generating or producing dew. [R.]
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Rorifluent (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew + fluens, p. pr. of fluere to flow.] Flowing with dew. [R.]
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Rorqual (?), n. [Norw. rorqualus a whale with folds.] (Zoöl.) A very large North Atlantic whalebone whale (Physalus antiquorum, or Balænoptera physalus). It has a dorsal fin, and strong longitudinal folds on the throat and belly. Called also razorback.
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☞ It is one of the largest of the whales, somethimes becoming nearly one hundred feet long, but it is more slender than the right whales, and is noted for its swiftness. The name is sometimes applied to other related species of finback whales.
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Rorulent (?), a. [L. rorulentus, from ros, roris, dew.] 1. Full of, or abounding in, dew. [R.]
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2. (Zoöl.) Having the surface appearing as if dusty, or covered with fine dew.
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Rory (?), a. [L. ros, roris, dew.] Dewy. [R.]
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And shook his wings with rory May-dew wet. Fairfax.
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Rosaceous (?), a. [L. rosaceus, fr. rosa rose.] 1. (Bot.) (a) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Rosaceæ) of which the rose is the type. It includes also the plums and cherries, meadowsweet, brambles, the strawberry, the hawthorn, applies, pears, service trees, and quinces. (b) Like a rose in shape or appearance; as, a rosaceous corolla.
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2. Of a pure purpish pink color.
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Rosacic (?), a. [See .] (Old med. Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid (called also lithic acid) found in certain red precipitates of urine. See . [Obs.]
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Rosalgar (?), n. realgar. [Obs.] chaucer.
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Rosalia (?), n. [Cf. F. rosalie.] (Mus.) A form of melody in which a phrase or passage is successively repeated, each time a step or half step higher; a melodic sequence.
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Rosaniline (? or ?), n. [Rose + aniline.] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous base, C20H21N3O, obtained by oxidizing a mixture of aniline and toluidine, as a colorless crystalline substance which forms red salts. These salts are essential components of many of the socalled aniline dyes, as fuchsine, aniline red, etc. By extension, any one of the series of substances derived from, or related to, rosaniline proper.
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Rosarian (?), n. A cultivator of roses.
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Rosary (?), n.; pl. Rosaries (#). [LL. rosarium a string of beads, L. rosarium a place planted with roses, rosa a rose: cf. F. rosaire. See .] 1. A bed of roses, or place where roses grow. “Thick rosaries of scented thorn.” Tennyson.
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2. (R.C.Ch.) A series of prayers (see Note below) arranged to be recited in order, on beads; also, a string of beads by which the prayers are counted.
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His idolized book, and the whole rosary of his prayers. Milton.
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☞ A rosary consists of fifteen decades. Each decade contains ten Ave Marias marked by small beads, preceded by a Paternoster, marked by a larger bead, and concluded by a Gloria Patri. Five decades make a chaplet, a third part of the rosary. Bp. Fitzpatrick.
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3. A chapelet; a garland; a series or collection, as of beautiful thoughts or of literary selections.
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Every day propound to yourself a rosary or chaplet of good works to present to God at night. Jer. Taylor.
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4. A coin bearing the figure of a rose, fraudulently circulated in Ireland in the 13th century for a penny.
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Coloq. Rosary shell (Zoöl.), any marine gastropod shell of the genus Monodonta. They are top-shaped, bright-colored and pearly.
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Roscid (?), a. [L. roscidus, fr. ros, roris, dew.] Containing, or consisting of, dew; dewy. [R.] Bacon.
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Roscoelite (?), n. [From an English chemist, H.E. Roscoe + -lite.] (Min.) A green micaceous mineral occurring in minute scales. It is essentially a silicate of aluminia and potash containing vanadium.
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Rose (?), imp. of .
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Rose, n. [AS. rose, L. rosa, probably akin to Gr. �, Armor. vard, OPer. vareda; and perhaps to E. wort: cf. F. rose, from the Latin. Cf. , .] 1. A flower and shrub of any species of the genus Rosa, of which there are many species, mostly found in the morthern hemispere
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☞ Roses are shrubs with pinnate leaves and usually prickly stems. The flowers are large, and in the wild state have five petals of a color varying from deep pink to white, or sometimes yellow. By cultivation and hybridizing the number of petals is greatly increased and the natural perfume enhanced. In this way many distinct classes of roses have been formed, as the Banksia, Baurbon, Boursalt, China, Noisette, hybrid perpetual, etc., with multitudes of varieties in nearly every class.
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2. A knot of ribbon formed like a rose; a rose knot; a rosette, esp. one worn on a shoe. Sha.
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3. (Arch.) A rose window. See Rose window, below.
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4. A perforated nozzle, as of a pipe, spout, etc., for delivering water in fine jets; a rosehead; also, a strainer at the foot of a pump.
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5. (Med.) The erysipelas. Dunglison.
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6. The card of the mariner's compass; also, a circular card with radiating lines, used in other instruments.
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7. The color of a rose; rose-red; pink.
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8. A diamond. See Rose diamond, below.
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Cabbage rose, China rose, etc. See under Cabbage, China, etc. -- Corn rose (Bot.) See Corn poppy, under Corn. -- Infantile rose (Med.), a variety of roseola. -- Jamaica rose. (Bot.) See under Jamaica. -- Rose acacia (Bot.), a low American leguminous shrub (Robinia hispida) with handsome clusters of rose-colored blossoms. -- Rose aniline. (Chem.) Same as Rosaniline. -- Rose apple (Bot.), the fruit of the tropical myrtaceous tree Eugenia Jambos. It is an edible berry an inch or more in diameter, and is said to have a very strong roselike perfume. -- Rose beetle. (Zoöl.) (a) A small yellowish or buff longlegged beetle (Macrodactylus subspinosus), which eats the leaves of various plants, and is often very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines, etc. Called also rose bug, and rose chafer. (b) The European chafer. -- Rose bug. (Zoöl.) same as Rose beetle, Rose chafer. -- Rose burner, a kind of gas-burner producing a rose-shaped flame. -- Rose camphor (Chem.), a solid odorless substance which separates from rose oil. -- Rose campion. (Bot.) See under Campion. -- Rose catarrh (Med.), rose cold. -- Rose chafer. (Zoöl.) (a) A common European beetle (Cetonia aurata) which is often very injurious to rosebushes; -- called also rose beetle, and rose fly. (b) The rose beetle (a). -- Rose cold (Med.), a variety of hay fever, sometimes attributed to the inhalation of the effluvia of roses. See Hay fever, under Hay. -- Rose color, the color of a rose; pink; hence, a beautiful hue or appearance; fancied beauty, attractiveness, or promise. Prev Next

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