Ruffle - Ruleless

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Ruffle (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruffled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruffling (?).] [From a plaited collar, a drum beat, a tumult: cf. OD. ruyffelen to wrinkle.] 1. To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or folds; to wrinkle.
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2. To furnish with ruffles; as, to ruffle a shirt.
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3. To oughen or disturb the surface of; to make uneven by agitation or commotion.
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The fantastic revelries . . . that so often ruffled the placid bosom of the Nile. I. Taylor.
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She smoothed the ruffled seas. Dryden.
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4. To erect in a ruff, as feathers.
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[the swan] ruffles her pure cold plume. Tennyson.
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5. (Mil.) To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.
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6. To discompose; to agitate; to disturb.
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These ruffle the tranquillity of the mind. Sir W. Hamilton.
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But, ever after, the small violence done
Rankled in him and ruffled all his heart. Tennyson.
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7. To throw into disorder or confusion.
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Where best
He might the ruffled foe infest. Hudibras.
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8. To throw together in a disorderly manner. [R.]
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I ruffled up falen leaves in heap. Chapman
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Coloq. To ruffle the feathers of , to exite the resentment of; to irritate.
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Ruffle (?), v. i. [Perhaps of different origin from ruffle to wrinkle; cf. OD. roffeln, roffen, to pander, LG. raffein, Dan. ruffer a pimp. Cf. .] 1. To grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent. [R.]
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The night comes on, and the bleak winds
Do sorely ruffle. Shak.
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2. To become disordered; to play loosely; to flutter.
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On his right shoulder his thick mane reclined,
Ruffles at speed, and dances in the wind. Dryden.
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3. To be rough; to jar; to be in contention; hence, to put on airs; to swagger.
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They would ruffle with jurors. Bacon.
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Gallants who ruffled in silk and embroidery. Sir W. Scott.
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Ruffle, n. [See , v. t. & i.] 1. That which is ruffled; specifically, a strip of lace, cambric, or other fine cloth, plaited or gathered on one edge or in the middle, and used as a trimming; a frill.
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2. A state of being ruffled or disturbed; disturbance; agitation; commotion; as, to put the mind in a ruffle.
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3. (Mil.) A low, vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll; -- called also ruff. H. L. Scott.
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4. (Zoöl.) The connected series of large egg capsules, or oöthecæ, of any one of several species of American marine gastropods of the genus Fulgur. See .
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Coloq. Ruffle of a boot , the top turned down, and scalloped or plaited. Halliwell.
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Ruffleless, a. Having no ruffle.
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Rufflement (?), n. The act of ruffling. [R.]
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Ruffler (?), n. 1. One who ruffles; a swaggerer; a bully; a ruffian.
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Assaults, if not murders, done at his own doors by that crew of rufflers. Milton.
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2. That which ruffles; specifically, a sewing machine attachment for making ruffles.
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Rufigallic (?), a. [Rufiopin + gallic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which is obtained from gallic acid as a brown or red crystalline substance, and is related to rufiopin and anthracene.
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Rufiopin (?), n. [L. rufus reddish + opianic.] (Chem.) A yellowish red crystalline substance related to anthracene, and obtained from opianic acid.
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Rufol (?), n. [L. rufus reddish + -ol.] (Chem.) A phenol derivative of anthracene obtained as a white crystalline substance, which on oxidation produces a red dyestuff related to anthraquinone.
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Rufous (?), a. [L. rufus.] Reddish; of a yellowish red or brownish red color; tawny.
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Ruft (?), n. (Med.) Eructation; belching. [Obs.]
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Rufterhood (?), n. [Cf. a plaited collar.] (Falconry) A kind of hood for a hawk.
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Rug (?), n. [Cf. Sw. rugg entanglend hair, ruggig rugged, shaggy, probably akin to E. rough. See , a.] 1. A kind of coarse, heavy frieze, formerly used for garments.
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They spin the choicest rug in Ireland. A friend of mine . . . repaired to Paris Garden clad in one of these Waterford rugs. The mastiffs, . . . deeming he had been a bear, would fain have baited him. Holinshed.
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2. A piece of thick, nappy fabric, commonly made of wool, -- used for various purposes, as for covering and ornamenting part of a bare floor, for hanging in a doorway as a potière, for protecting a portion of carpet, for a wrap to protect the legs from cold, etc.
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3. A rough, woolly, or shaggy dog.
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Coloq. Rug gown , a gown made of rug, of or coarse, shaggy cloth. B. Johnson.
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Rug, v. t. To pull roughly or hastily; to plunder; to spoil; to tear. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
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Ruga (?), n.; pl. Rugæ (#). [L.] (Nat. Hist.) A wrinkle; a fold; as, the rugæ of the stomach.
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Rugate (?), a. [L. rugatus, p. p. of rugare to wrinkle, fr. ruga a wrinkle.] Having alternate ridges and depressions; wrinkled. Dana.
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Rugged (?), a. [See , n.] 1. Full of asperities on the surface; broken into sharp or irregular points, or otherwise uneven; not smooth; rough; as, a rugged mountain; a rugged road.
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The rugged bark of some broad elm. Milton.
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2. Not neat or regular; uneven.
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His well-proportioned beard made rough and rugged. Shak.
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3. Rough with bristles or hair; shaggy. “The rugged Russian bear.” Shak.
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4. Harsh; hard; crabbed; austere; -- said of temper, character, and the like, or of persons.
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Neither melt nor endear him, but leave him as hard, rugged, and unconcerned as ever. South.
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5. Stormy; turbulent; tempestuous; rude. Milton.
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6. Rough to the ear; harsh; grating; -- said of sound, style, and the like.
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Through the harsh cadence of a rugged line. Dryden.
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7. Sour; surly; frowning; wrinkled; -- said of looks, etc. “Sleek o'er your rugged looks.” Shak.
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8. Violent; rude; boisterrous; -- said of conduct, manners, etc.
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9. Vigorous; robust; hardy; -- said of health, physique, etc. [Colloq. U.S.]
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Syn. -- Rough; uneven; wrinkled; cragged; coarse; rude; harsh; hard; crabbed; severe; austere; surly; sour; frowning; violent; boisterous; tumultuous; turbulent; stormy; tempestuous; inclement.
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-- Ruggedly (#), adv. -- Ruggedness, n.
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Rugging (?), n. A coarse kind of woolen cloth, used for wrapping, blanketing, etc.
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Rug-gowned (?), a. Wearing a coarse gown or shaggy garment made of rug. Beau. & Fl.
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Ruggy (?), a. Rugged; rough. [Obs.] “With ruggy, ashy hairs.” Chaucer.
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Rug-headed (?), a. Having shaggy hair; shock-headed. [Obs.]
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Those rough rug-headed kerns. Shak.
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Rugin (?), n. A nappy cloth. [Obs.] Wiseman.
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Rugine (?), n. [F.] (Surg.) An instrument for scraping the periosteum from bones; a raspatory.
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Rugine, v. t. [F. ruginer to scrape.] To scrape or rasp, as a bone; to scale. [R.] Wiseman.
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Rugosa (?), n. pl. [NL. See .] (Paleon.) An extinct tribe of fossil corals, including numerous species, many of them of large size. They are characteristic of the Paleozoic formations. The radiating septs, when present, are usually in multiples of four. See .
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Rugose (?), a. [L. rugosus, r. ruga a wrinkle.] Wrinkled; full of wrinkles; specifically (Bot.), having the veinlets sunken and the spaces between them elevated, as the leaves of the sage and horehound.
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Rugosity (?), n. [L. rugositas: cf. F. rugosité.] The quality or state of being rugose.
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Rugous (?), a. [Cf. F. rugueux.] Wrinkled; rugose.
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Rugulose (?), a. Somewhat rugose.
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Ruhmkorff's coil (?). [So called from its inventor, Ruhmkorff, a german physicist.] (Elec.) See Induction coil, under .
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Ruin (?), n. [OE. ruine, F. ruine, fr. L. ruina, fr. ruere, rutum, to fall with violence, to rush or tumble down.] 1. The act of falling or tumbling down; fall. [Obs.] “His ruin startled the other steeds.” Chapman.
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2. Such a change of anything as destroys it, or entirely defeats its object, or unfits it for use; destruction; overthrow; as, the ruin of a ship or an army; the ruin of a constitution or a government; the ruin of health or hopes. “Ruin seize thee, ruthless king!” Gray.
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3. That which is fallen down and become worthless from injury or decay; as, his mind is a ruin; especially, in the plural, the remains of a destroyed, dilapidated, or desolate house, fortress, city, or the like.
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The Veian and the Gabian towers shall fall,
And one promiscuous ruin cover all;
Nor, after length of years, a stone betray
The place where once the very ruins lay. Addison.
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The labor of a day will not build up a virtuous habit on the ruins of an old and vicious character. Buckminster.
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4. The state of being dcayed, or of having become ruined or worthless; as, to be in ruins; to go to ruin.
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5. That which promotes injury, decay, or destruction.
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The errors of young men are the ruin of business. Bacon.
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Syn. -- Destruction; downfall; perdition; fall; overthrow; subversion; defeat; bane; pest; mischief.
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Ruin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruined (?);p. pr. & vb. n. Ruining.] [Cf. F. ruiner, LL. ruinare. See , n.] To bring to ruin; to cause to fall to pieces and decay; to make to perish; to bring to destruction; to bring to poverty or bankruptcy; to impair seriously; to damage essentially; to overthrow.
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this mortal house I'll ruin. Shak.
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By thee raised, I ruin all my foes. Milton.
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The eyes of other people are the eyes that ruin us. Franklin.
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By the fireside there are old men seated,
Seeling ruined cities in the ashes. Longfellow.
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Ruin, v. i. To fall to ruins; to go to ruin; to become decayed or dilapidated; to perish. [R.]
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Though he his house of polished marble build,
Yet shall it ruin like the moth's frail cell. Sandys.
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If we are idle, and disturb the industrious in their business, we shall ruin the faster. Locke.
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Ruinable (?), a. Capable of being ruined.
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Ruinate (?), v. t. [LL. ruinatus, p. p. of ruinare to ruin. See .] 1. To demolish; to subvert; to destroy; to reduce to poverty; to ruin.
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I will not ruinate my f�ther's house. Shak.
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Ruinating thereby the health of their bodies. Burton.
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2. To cause to fall; to cast down.
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On the other side they saw that perilous rock
Threatening itself on them to ruinate. Spenser.
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Ruinate, v. i. To fall; to tumble. [Obs.]
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Ruinate (?), a. [L. ruinatus, p. p.] Involved in ruin; ruined.
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My brother Edward lives in pomp and state,
I in a mansion here all ruinate. J. Webster.
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Ruination (?), n. [LL. ruinatio.] The act of ruining, or the state of being ruined.
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Ruiner (?), n. One who, or that which, ruins.
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Ruiniform (?), a. [Ruin + -form: cf. F. ruiniforme.] Having the appearance of ruins, or of the ruins of houses; -- said of certain minerals.
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Ruinous (?), a. [L. ruinosus: cf. F. ruineux. See .] 1. Causing, or tending to cause, ruin; destructive; baneful; pernicious; as, a ruinous project.
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After a night of storm so ruinous. Milton.
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2. Characterized by ruin; ruined; dilapidated; as, an edifice, bridge, or wall in a ruinous state.
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3. Composed of, or consisting in, ruins.
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Behold, Damascus . . . shall be a ruinous heap. Isa. xvii. 1.
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Syn. -- Dilapidated; decayed; demolished; pernicious; destructive; baneful; wasteful; mischievous.
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-- Ruinously (#), adv. -- Ruinousness, n.
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Rukh (?), n. [Srr .] 1. The roc.
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2. (Zoöl.) A large bird, supposed by some to be the same as the extinct Epiornis of Madagascar. [Obs.]
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Rulable (?), a. That may be ruled; subject to rule; accordant or conformable to rule. Bacon.
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Rule (?), n. [OE. reule, riule, OF. riule, reule, F. régle, fr. L. regula a ruler, rule, model, fr. regere, rectum, to lead straight, to direct. See , a., and cf. .] 1. That which is prescribed or laid down as a guide for conduct or action; a governing direction for a specific purpose; an authoritative enactment; a regulation; a prescription; a precept; as, the rules of various societies; the rules governing a school; a rule of etiquette or propriety; the rules of cricket.
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We profess to have embraced a religion which contains the most exact rules for the government of our lives. Tillotson.
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2. Hence: (a) Uniform or established course of things.
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'T is against the rule of nature. Shak.
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(b) Systematic method or practice; as, my ule is to rise at six o'clock. (c) Ordibary course of procedure; usual way; comon state or condition of things; as, it is a rule to which there are many exeptions. (d) Conduct in general; behavior. [Obs.]
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This uncivil rule; she shall know of it. Shak.
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3. The act of ruling; administration of law; government; empire; authority; control.
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Obey them that have the rule over you. Heb. xiii. 17.
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His stern rule the groaning land obeyed. Pope.
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4. (Law) An order regulating the practice of the courts, or an order made between parties to an action or a suit. Wharton.
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5. (Math.) A determinate method prescribed for performing any operation and producing a certain result; as, a rule for extracting the cube root.
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6. (Gram.) A general principle concerning the formation or use of words, or a concise statement thereof; thus, it is a rule in England, that s or es , added to a noun in the singular number, forms the plural of that noun; but “man” forms its plural “men”, and is an exception to the rule.
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7. (a) A straight strip of wood, metal, or the like, which serves as a guide in drawing a straight line; a ruler. (b) A measuring instrument consisting of a graduated bar of wood, ivory, metal, or the like, which is usually marked so as to show inches and fractions of an inch, and jointed so that it may be folded compactly.
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A judicious artist will use his eye, but he will trust only to his rule. South.
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8. (Print.) (a) A thin plate of metal (usually brass) of the same height as the type, and used for printing lines, as between columns on the same page, or in tabular work. (b) A composing rule. See under .
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Coloq. As a rule , as a general thing; in the main; usually; as, he behaves well, as a rule. -- Coloq. Board rule , Coloq. Caliber rule , etc. See under , , etc. -- Coloq. Rule joint , a knuckle joint having shoulders that abut when the connected pieces come in line with each other, and thus permit folding in one direction only. -- Coloq. Rule of the road (Law), any of the various regulations imposed upon travelers by land or water for their mutual convenience or safety. In the United States it is a rule of the road that land travelers passing in opposite directions shall turn out each to his own right, and generally that overtaking persons or vehicles shall turn out to the left; in England the rule for vehicles (but not for pedestrians) is the opposite of this. -- Coloq. Rule of three (Arith.), that rule which directs, when three terms are given, how to find a fourth, which shall have the same ratio to the third term as the second has to the first; proportion. See , 5 (b). -- Coloq. Rule of thumb , any rude process or operation, like that of using the thumb as a rule in measuring; hence, judgment and practical experience as distinguished from scientific knowledge.
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Rule, n.
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Syn. -- regulation; law; precept; maxim; guide; canon; order; method; direction; control; government; sway; empire.
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Rule, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ruled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ruling.] [Cf. OF. riuler, ruiler, L. regulare. See , n., and cf. .] 1. To control the will and actions of; to exercise authority or dominion over; to govern; to manage. Chaucer.
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A bishop then must be blameless; . . . one that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection. 1 Tim. iii. 2, 4.
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2. To control or direct by influence, counsel, or persuasion; to guide; -- used chiefly in the passive.
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I think she will be ruled
In all respects by me. Shak.
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3. To establish or settle by, or as by, a rule; to fix by universal or general consent, or by common practice.
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That's are ruled case with the schoolmen. Atterbury.
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4. (Law) To require or command by rule; to give as a direction or order of court.
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5. To mark with lines made with a pen, pencil, etc., guided by a rule or ruler; to print or mark with lines by means of a rule or other contrivance effecting a similar result; as, to rule a sheet of paper of a blank book.
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Coloq. Ruled surface (Geom.), any surface that may be described by a straight line moving according to a given law; -- called also a scroll.
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Rule, v. i. 1. To have power or command; to exercise supreme authority; -- often followed by over.
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By me princes rule, and nobles. Prov. viii. 16.
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We subdue and rule over all other creatures. Ray.
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2. (Law) To lay down and settle a rule or order of court; to decide an incidental point; to enter a rule. Burril. Bouvier.
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3. (Com.) To keep within a (certain) range for a time; to be in general, or as a rule; as, prices ruled lower yesterday than the day before.
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Ruleless, a. Destitute of rule; lawless. Spenser.
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Rule-monger (?), n. A stickler for rules; a slave of rules [R.] Hare.
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