Sanguine - Saponaceous

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Sanguine (?), a. [F. sanguin, L. sanguineus, fr. sanguis blood. Cf. .] 1. Having the color of blood; red.
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Of his complexion he was sanguine. Chaucer.
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Like to that sanguine flower inscribed with woe. Milton.
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2. Characterized by abundance and active circulation of blood; as, a sanguine bodily temperament.
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3. Warm; ardent; as, a sanguine temper.
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4. Anticipating the best; cheerfully optimistic; not desponding; confident; full of hope; as, sanguine of success; a sanguine disposition.
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Syn. -- Warm; ardent; lively; confident; hopeful; optimistic.
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Sanguine, n. 1. Blood color; red. Spenser.
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2. Anything of a blood-red color, as cloth. [Obs.]
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In sanguine and in pes he clad was all. Chaucer.
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3. (Min.) Bloodstone.
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4. Red crayon. See the Note under , 1.
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Sanguine, v. t. To stain with blood; to impart the color of blood to; to ensanguine.
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Sanguineless, a. Destitute of blood; pale. [R.]
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Sanguinely, adv. In a sanguine manner.
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I can not speculate quite so sanguinely as he does. Burke.
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Sanguineness, n. The quality of being sanguine.
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Sanguineous (?), a. [L. sanguineus. See .] 1. Abounding with blood; sanguine.
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2. Of or pertaining to blood; bloody; constituting blood. Sir T. Browne.
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3. Blood-red; crimson. Keats.
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sanguinity, n. The quality of being sanguine; sanguineness. Swift.
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Sanguinivorous (?), a. [L. sanguis + vorare to devour.] Subsisting on blood.
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Sanguinolency (?), n. The state of being sanguinolent, or bloody.
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Sanguinolent (?), a. [L. sanguinolentus, from sanguis blood: cf. F. sanguinolent.] Tinged or mingled with blood; bloody; as, sanguinolent sputa.
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Sanguisuge (?), n. [L. sanguisuga; sanguis blood + sugere to suck.] (Zoöl.) A bloodsucker, or leech.
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Sanguivorous (?), a. [L. sanguis blood + vorare to devour.] (Zoöl.) Subsisting upon blood; -- said of certain blood-sucking bats and other animals. See .
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{ Sanhedrin (?), Sanhedrim (?), } n. [Heb. sanhedrīn, fr. Gr. �; � with + � a seat, fr. � to sit. See .] (Jewish Antiq.) the great council of the Jews, which consisted of seventy members, to whom the high priest was added. It had jurisdiction of religious matters.
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Sanhedrist (?), n. A member of the sanhedrin. Schaeffer (Lange's Com.).
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Sanhita (?), n. [Skr. samhita, properly, combination.] A collection of vedic hymns, songs, or verses, forming the first part of each Veda.
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Sanicle (?), n. [F., from L. sanare to heal.] (Bot.) Any plant of the umbelliferous genus Sanicula, reputed to have healing powers.
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Sanidine (?), n. [Gr. �. �, a board. So called in allusion to the tabular crystals.] (Min.) A variety of orthoclase feldspar common in certain eruptive rocks, as trachyte; -- called also glassy feldspar.
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Sanies (?), n. [L.] (Med.) A thin, serous fluid commonly discharged from ulcers or foul wounds.
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Sanious (?), a. [L. saniosus, fr. sanies: cf. F. sanieux.] 1. (Med.) Pertaining to sanies, or partaking of its nature and appearance; thin and serous, with a slight bloody tinge; as, the sanious matter of an ulcer.
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2. (med.) Discharging sanies; as, a sanious ulcer.
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Sanitarian (?), a. Of or pertaining to health, or the laws of health; sanitary.
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Sanitarian, n. An advocate of sanitary measures; one especially interested or versed in sanitary measures.
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Sanitarist (?), n. A sanitarian.
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Sanitarium (?), n. [NL. See .] A health station or retreat; a sanatorium. “A sanitarium for troops.” L. Oliphant.
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Sanitary (?), a. [L. sanitas health: cf. F. sanitaire. See .] Of or pertaining to health; designed to secure or preserve health; relating to the preservation or restoration of health; hygienic; as, sanitary regulations. See the Note under .
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Coloq. Sanitary Commission . See under .
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Sanitation (?), n. The act of rendering sanitary; the science of sanitary conditions; the preservation of health; the use of sanitary measures; hygiene.
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How much sanitation has advanced during the last half century. H. Hartshorne.
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Sanity (?), n. [L. sanitas, from sanus sound, healthy. See .] The condition or quality of being sane; soundness of health of body or mind, especially of the mind; saneness.
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Sanjak (?), n. [Turk. sanjāg.] A district or a subvision of a vilayet. [Turkey]
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San José scale (?). A very destructive scale insect (Aspidiotus perniciosus) that infests the apple, pear, and other fruit trees. So called because first introduced into the United States at San José, California.
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Sank (săṉk), imp. of .
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Sankha (?), n. [Skr. çankha a shell.] A chank shell (Turbinella pyrum); also, a shell bracelet or necklace made in India from the chank shell.
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Sankhya (?), n. A Hindu system of philosophy which refers all things to soul and a rootless germ called prakriti, consisting of three elements, goodness, passion, and darkness. Whitworth.
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Sannop (sănnŏp), n. Same as . Bancroft.
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Sannup (-nŭp), n. A married male Indian; a brave; -- correlative of squaw.
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Sanny (?), n. The sandpiper. [Prov. Eng.]
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Sans (sän; E. sănz), prep. [F., from L. sine without.] Without; deprived or destitute of. Rarely used as an English word. “Sans fail.” Chaucer.
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Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. Shak.
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Sanscrit (?), n. See .
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Sans-culotte (F. �; E. �), n. [F., without breeches.] 1. A fellow without breeches; a ragged fellow; -- a name of reproach given in the first French revolution to the extreme republican party, who rejected breeches as an emblem peculiar to the upper classes or aristocracy, and adopted pantaloons.
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2. Hence, an extreme or radical republican; a violent revolutionist; a Jacobin.
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Sans-culottic (?), a. Pertaining to, or involving, sans-culottism; radical; revolutionary; Jacobinical. Carlyle.
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Sans-culottism (?), n. [F. sans-culottisme.] Extreme republican principles; the principles or practice of the sans-culottes.
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Sanskrit (?), n. [Skr. Samskṛta the Sanskrit language, literally, the perfect, polished, or classical language, fr. samskṛta prepared, wrought, made, excellent, perfect; sam together (akin to E. same) + kṛta made. See , .] [Written also Sanscrit.] The ancient language of the Hindoos, long since obsolete in vernacular use, but preserved to the present day as the literary and sacred dialect of India. It is nearly allied to the Persian, and to the principal languages of Europe, classical and modern, and by its more perfect preservation of the roots and forms of the primitive language from which they are all descended, is a most important assistance in determining their history and relations. Cf. , and .
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Sanskrit, a. Of or pertaining to Sanskrit; written in Sanskrit; as, a Sanskrit dictionary or inscription.
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Sanskritic (?), a. Sanskrit.
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Sanskritist, n. One versed in Sanskrit.
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Sans-souci (?), adv. [F.] Without care; free and easy.
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Santal (?), n. [Santalum + piperonal.] (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance, isomeric with piperonal, but having weak acid properties. It is extracted from sandalwood.
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Santalaceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants (Santalaceæ), of which the genus Santalum is the type, and which includes the buffalo nut and a few other North American plants, and many peculiar plants of the southern hemisphere.
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Santalic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or obtained from, sandalwood (Santalum); -- used specifically to designate an acid obtained as a resinous or red crystalline dyestuff, which is called also santalin.
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Santalin (?), n. [Cf. F. santaline.] (Chem.) Santalic acid. See .
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Santalum (?), n. [NL. See .] (Bot.) A genus of trees with entire opposite leaves and small apetalous flowers. There are less than a dozen species, occurring from India to Australia and the Pacific Islands. See .
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Santees (?), n. pl.; sing. Santee (�). (Ethnol.) One of the seven confederated tribes of Indians belonging to the Sioux, or Dakotas.
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Santer (?), v. i. See .
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Santon (?), n. [Sp. santon, augmented fr. santo holy, L. sanctus.] A Turkish saint; a kind of dervish, regarded by the people as a saint: also, a hermit.
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Santonate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of santonic acid.
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Santonic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, an acid (distinct from santoninic acid) obtained from santonin as a white crystalline substance.
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Santonin (?), n. [L. herba santonica, a kind of plant, fr. Santoni a people of Aquitania; cf. Gr. �: cf. F. santonine.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance having a bitter taste, extracted from the buds of levant wormseed and used as an anthelmintic. It occassions a peculiar temporary color blindness, causing objects to appear as if seen through a yellow glass.
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Santoninate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of santoninic acid.
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Santoninic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to santonin; -- used specifically to designate an acid not known in the free state, but obtained in its salts.
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Sao (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any marine annelid of the genus Hyalinæcia, especially H. tubicola of Europe, which inhabits a transparent movable tube resembling a quill in color and texture.
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Sap (?), n. [AS. sæp; akin to OHG. saf, G. saft, Icel. safi; of uncertain origin; possibly akin to L. sapere to taste, to be wise, sapa must or new wine boiled thick. Cf. , .] 1. The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.
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☞ The ascending is the crude sap, the assimilation of which takes place in the leaves, when it becomes the elaborated sap suited to the growth of the plant.
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2. The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.
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3. A simpleton; a saphead; a milksop. [Slang]
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Coloq. Sap ball (Bot.), any large fungus of the genus Polyporus. See . -- Coloq. Sap green , a dull light green pigment prepared from the juice of the ripe berries of the Rhamnus catharticus, or buckthorn. It is used especially by water-color artists. -- Coloq. Sap rot , the dry rot. See under . -- Coloq. Sap sucker (Zoöl.), any one of several species of small American woodpeckers of the genus Sphyrapicus, especially the yellow-bellied woodpecker (S. varius) of the Eastern United States. They are so named because they puncture the bark of trees and feed upon the sap. The name is loosely applied to other woodpeckers. -- Coloq. Sap tube (Bot.), a vessel that conveys sap.
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Sap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sapped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sapping.] [F. saper (cf. Sp. zapar, It. zapare), fr. sape a sort of scythe, LL. sappa a sort of mattock.] 1. To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.
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Nor safe their dwellings were, for sapped by floods,
Their houses fell upon their household gods. Dryden.
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2. (Mil.) To pierce with saps.
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3. To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.
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Ring out the grief that saps the mind. Tennyson.
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Sap (?), v. i. To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps. W. P. Craighill.
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Both assaults are carried on by sapping. Tatler.
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Sap, n. (Mil.) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc.
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Coloq. Sap fagot (Mil.), a fascine about three feet long, used in sapping, to close the crevices between the gabions before the parapet is made. -- Coloq. Sap roller (Mil.), a large gabion, six or seven feet long, filled with fascines, which the sapper sometimes rolls along before him for protection from the fire of an enemy.
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Sapadillo (?), n. See .
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Sapajo (?), n. (Zoöl.) The sapajou.
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Sapajou (?), n. [F. sapajou, sajou, Braz. sajuassu.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of South American monkeys of the genus Cebus, having long and prehensile tails. Some of the species are called also capuchins. The bonnet sapajou (C. subcristatus), the golden-handed sapajou (C. chrysopus), and the white-throated sapajou (C. hypoleucus) are well known species. See .
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Sapan wood (?). [Malay sapang.] (Bot.) A dyewood yielded by Cæsalpinia Sappan, a thorny leguminous tree of Southern Asia and the neighboring islands. It is the original Brazil wood. [Written also sappan wood.]
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Sapful (?), a. Abounding in sap; sappy.
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Saphead (?), n. A weak-minded, stupid fellow; a milksop. [Low]
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Saphenous (?), a. [Gr. � manifest.] (Anat.) (a) Manifest; -- applied to the two principal superficial veins of the lower limb of man. (b) Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the saphenous veins; as, the saphenous nerves; the saphenous opening, an opening in the broad fascia of the thigh through which the internal saphenous vein passes.
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Sapid (?), a. [L. sapidus, fr. sapere to taste: cf. F. sapide. See , .] Having the power of affecting the organs of taste; possessing savor, or flavor.
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Camels, to make the water sapid, do raise the mud with their feet. Sir T. Browne.
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Sapidity (?), n. [Cf. F. sapidité.] The quality or state of being sapid; taste; savor; savoriness.
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Whether one kind of sapidity is more effective than another. M. S. Lamson.
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Sapidness, n. Quality of being sapid; sapidity.
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When the Israelites fancied the sapidness and relish of the fleshpots, they longed to taste and to return. Jer. Taylor.
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Sapience (?), n. [L. sapientia: cf. F. sapience. See ..] The quality of being sapient; wisdom; sageness; knowledge. Cowper.
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Woman, if I might sit beside your feet,
And glean your scattered sapience. Tennyson.
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Sapient (?), a. [L. sapiens, -entis, p. pr. of sapere to taste, to have sense, to know. See , a.] Wise; sage; discerning; -- often in irony or contempt.
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Where the sapient king
Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian spouse. Milton.
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Syn. -- Sage; sagacious; knowing; wise; discerning.
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Sapiential (?), a. [L. sapientialis.] Having or affording wisdom. -- Sapientially, adv.
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The sapiential books of the Old [Testament]. Jer. Taylor.
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Sapientious (?), a. Sapiential. [Obs.]
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Sapientize, v. t. To make sapient. [R.] Coleridge.
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Sapiently (?), adv. In a sapient manner.
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Sapindaceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to an order of trees and shrubs (Sapindaceæ), including the (typical) genus Sapindus, the maples, the margosa, and about seventy other genera.
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Sapindus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sapo soap + Indicus Indian.] (Bot.) A genus of tropical and subtropical trees with pinnate leaves and panicled flowers. The fruits of some species are used instead of soap, and their round black seeds are made into necklaces.
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Sapless (?), a. 1. Destitute of sap; not juicy.
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2. Fig.: Dry; old; husky; withered; spiritless. “A somewhat sapless womanhood.” Lowell.
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Now sapless on the verge of death he stands. Dryden.
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sapling (?), n. A young tree. Shak.
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Sapodilla (?), n. [Sp. zapote, sapotillo, zapotillo, Mexican cochit-zapotl. Cf. .] (Bot.) A tall, evergeen, tropical American tree (Achras Sapota); also, its edible fruit, the sapodilla plum. [Written also sapadillo, sappadillo, sappodilla, and zapotilla.]
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Coloq. Sapodilla plum (Bot.), the fruit of Achras Sapota. It is about the size of an ordinary quince, having a rough, brittle, dull brown rind, the flesh being of a dirty yellowish white color, very soft, and deliciously sweet. Called also naseberry. It is eatable only when it begins to be spotted, and is much used in desserts.
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Sapogenin (?), n. [Saponin + -gen + -in.] (Chem.) A white crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of saponin.
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Saponaceous (?), a. [L. sapo, -onis, soap, of Teutonic origin, and akin to E. soap. See .] Resembling soap; having the qualities of soap; soapy.
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☞ Saponaceous bodies are compounds of an acid and a base, and are in reality a kind of salt.
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