Sard - Satiety

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Sard (?), n. [L. sarda, Gr. �, or � (sc. �), i.e., Sardian stone, fr. � Sardian, � Sardes, the capital of Lydia: cf. F. sarde. Cf. .] (Min.) A variety of carnelian, of a rich reddish yellow or brownish red color. See the Note under Chalcedony.
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Sardachate (?), n. [L. sardachates: cf. F. sardachate. See , and .] (Min.) A variety of agate containing sard.
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{ Sardan (?), Sardel (?), } n. [It. sardella. See a fish.] (Zoöl.) A sardine. [Obs.]
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Sardel, n. A precious stone. See .
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Sardine (? or ?; 277), n. [F. sardine (cf. Sp. sardina, sarda, It. sardina, sardella), L. sardina, sarda; cf. Gr. �, �; so called from the island of Sardinia, Gr. �.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several small species of herring which are commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the pilchard, or European sardine (Clupea pilchardus). The California sardine (Clupea sagax) is similar. The American sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the common herring and of the menhaden.
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Sardine (? or ?; 277), n. See .
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Sardinian (?), a. [L. Sardinianus.] Of or pertaining to the island, kingdom, or people of Sardinia. -- n. A native or inhabitant of Sardinia.
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Sardius (?), n. [L. sardius, lapis sardinus, Gr. �, �, �. See .] A precious stone, probably a carnelian, one of which was set in Aaron's breastplate. Ex. xxviii. 17.
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Sardoin (?), n. [Cf. F. sardoine.] (Min.) Sard; carnelian.
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Sardonian (?), a. [Cf. F. sardonien.] Sardonic. [Obs.] “With Sardonian smile.” Spenser.
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Sardonic (?), a. [F. sardonique, L. sardonius, Gr. �, �, perhaps fr. � to grin like a dog, or from a certain plant of Sardinia, Gr. �, which was said to screw up the face of the eater.] Forced; unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly sarcastic; -- applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance of gayety.
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Where strained, sardonic smiles are glozing still,
And grief is forced to laugh against her will. Sir H. Wotton.
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The scornful, ferocious, sardonic grin of a bloody ruffian. Burke.
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Coloq. Sardonic grin or Coloq. Sardonic laugh , an old medical term for a spasmodic affection of the muscles of the face, giving it an appearance of laughter.
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Sardonic, a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a kind of linen made at Colchis.
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Sardonyx (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. �. See , and .] (Min.) A variety of onyx consisting of sard and white chalcedony in alternate layers.
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Saree (?), n. [Hind. �.] The principal garment of a Hindoo woman. It consists of a long piece of cloth, which is wrapped round the middle of the body, a portion being arranged to hang down in front, and the remainder passed across the bosom over the left shoulder.
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Sargasso (?), n. [Sp. sargazo seaweed.] (Bot.) The gulf weed. See under .
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Coloq. Sargasso Sea , a large tract of the North Atlantic Ocean where sargasso in great abundance floats on the surface.
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Sargassum (?), n. [NL.] A genus of algæ including the gulf weed.
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Sargo (?), n. [Sp. sargo, L. sargus a kind of fish.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of sparoid fishes belonging to Sargus, Pomadasys, and related genera; -- called also sar, and saragu.
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Sari (?), n. Same as .
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Sarigue (?), n. [F., from Braz. çarigueia, çarigueira.] (Zoöl.) A small South American opossum (Didelphys opossum), having four white spots on the face.
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Sark (?), n. [AS. serce, syrce, a shirt; akin to Icel. serkr, Sw. särk.] A shirt. [Scot.]
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Sark, v. t. (Carp.) To cover with sarking, or thin boards.
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Sarkin (?), n. [Gr. sarx, sarkos, flesh.] (Physiol. Chem.) Same as .
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Sarking (?), n. [From shirt.] (Carp.) Thin boards for sheathing, as above the rafters, and under the shingles or slates, and for similar purposes.
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{ Sarlac (?), Sarlyk (?), } n. [Mongolian sarlyk.] (Zoöl.) The yak.
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{ Sarmatian (?), Sarmatic (?), } a. [L. Sarmaticus.] Of or pertaining to Sarmatia, or its inhabitants, the ancestors of the Russians and the Poles.
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Sarment (?), n. [L. sarmentum a twig, fr. sarpere to cut off, to trim: cf. F. sarment.] (Bot.) A prostrate filiform stem or runner, as of the strawberry. See .
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Sarmentaceous (?), a. (Bot.) Bearing sarments, or runners, as the strawberry.
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Sarmentose (? or ?), a. [L. sarmentosus: cf. F. sarmenteux. See .] (Bot.) (a) Long and filiform, and almost naked, or having only leaves at the joints where it strikes root; as, a sarmentose stem. (b) Bearing sarments; sarmentaceous.
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Sarmentous (?), a. (Bot.) Sarmentose.
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Sarn (?), n. [W. sarn a causeway, paving.] A pavement or stepping-stone. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.
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Sarong (?), n. [Malay sārung.] A sort of petticoat worn by both sexes in Java and the Malay Archipelago. Balfour (Cyc. of India)
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Saros (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. �] (Astron) A Chaldean astronomical period or cycle, the length of which has been variously estimated from 3,600 years to 3,600 days, or a little short of 10 years. Brande & C.
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Sarplar (?), n. [Cf. LL. sarplare. See .] A large bale or package of wool, containing eighty tods, or 2,240 pounds, in weight. [Eng.]
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Sarplier (?), n. [F. serpillière; cf. Pr. sarpelheira, LL. serpelleria, serpleria, Catalan sarpallera, Sp. arpillera.] A coarse cloth made of hemp, and used for packing goods, etc. [Written also sarpelere.] Tyrwhitt.
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Sarpo (?), n. [Corruption of Sp. sapo a toad.] (Zoöl.) A large toadfish of the Southern United States and the Gulf of Mexico (Batrachus tau, var. pardus).
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Sarracenia (?), n. [NL. So named after a Dr. Sarrazin of Quebec.] (Bot.) A genus of American perennial herbs growing in bogs; the American pitcher plant.
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☞ They have hollow pitcher-shaped or tubular leaves, and solitary flowers with an umbrella-shaped style. Sarracenia purpurea, the sidesaddle flower, is common at the North; S. flava, rubra, Drummondii, variolaris, and psittacina are Southern species. All are insectivorous, catching and drowning insects in their curious leaves. See . of Sidesaddle flower, under .
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{ Sarrasin, Sarrasine } (?), n. [F. sarrasine, LL. saracina. See .] (Fort.) A portcullis, or herse. [Written also sarasin.]
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Sarsa (?), n. Sarsaparilla. [Written also sarza.]
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Sarsaparilla (?), n. [Sp. zarzaparrilla; zarza a bramble (perhaps fr. Bisc. zartzia) + parra a vine, or Parillo, a physician said to have discovered it.] (Bot.) (a) Any plant of several tropical American species of Smilax. (b) The bitter mucilaginous roots of such plants, used in medicine and in sirups for soda, etc.
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☞ The name is also applied to many other plants and their roots, especially to the Aralia nudicaulis, the wild sarsaparilla of the United States.
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Sarsaparillin (?), n. See .
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Sarse (?), n. [F. sas, OF. saas, LL. setatium, fr. L. seta a stiff hair.] A fine sieve; a searce. [Obs.]
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Sarse, v. t. To sift through a sarse. [Obs.]
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Sarsen (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain; perhaps for saracen stone, i.e., a heathen or pagan stone or monument.] One of the large sandstone blocks scattered over the English chalk downs; -- called also sarsen stone, and Druid stone. [Eng.]
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Sarsenet (?), n. See .
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Sart (?), n. An assart, or clearing. [Obs.] Bailey.
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Sartorial (?), a. [See .] 1. Of or pertaining to a tailor or his work.
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Our legs skulked under the table as free from sartorial impertinences as those of the noblest savages. Lowell.
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2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the sartorius muscle.
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Sartorius (?), n. [NL., fr. L. sartor a patcher, tailor, fr. sarcire, sartum, to patch, mend.] (Anat.) A muscle of the thigh, called the tailor's muscle, which arises from the hip bone and is inserted just below the knee. So named because its contraction was supposed to produce the position of the legs assumed by the tailor in sitting.
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Sarum use (?). (Ch. of Eng.) A liturgy, or use, put forth about 1087 by St. Osmund, bishop of Sarum, based on Anglo-Saxon and Norman customs.
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Sash (?), n. [Pers. shast a sort of girdle.] A scarf or band worn about the waist, over the shoulder, or otherwise; a belt; a girdle, -- worn by women and children as an ornament; also worn as a badge of distinction by military officers, members of societies, etc.
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Sash, v. t. To adorn with a sash or scarf. Burke.
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Sash, n. [F. châssis a frame, sash, fr. châsse a shrine, reliquary, frame, L. capsa. See a box.] 1. The framing in which the panes of glass are set in a glazed window or door, including the narrow bars between the panes.
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2. In a sawmill, the rectangular frame in which the saw is strained and by which it is carried up and down with a reciprocating motion; -- also called gate.
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Coloq. French sash , a casement swinging on hinges; -- in distinction from a vertical sash sliding up and down.
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Sash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sashed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sashing.] To furnish with a sash or sashes; as, to sash a door or a window.
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Sashery (?), n. [From 1st .] A collection of sashes; ornamentation by means of sashes. [R.]
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Distinguished by their sasheries and insignia. Carlyle.
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Sashoon (?), n. [Etymology uncertain.] A kind of pad worn on the leg under the boot. [Obs.] Nares.
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Sasin (?), n. (Zoöl.) The Indian antelope (Antilope bezoartica syn. Antilope cervicapra), noted for its beauty and swiftness. It has long, spiral, divergent horns.
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{ Sassaby (?), Sassabye (?), } n. (Zoöl.) A large African antelope (Alcelaphus lunata), similar to the hartbeest, but having its horns regularly curved.
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Sassafras (?), n. [F. sassafras (cf. It. sassafrasso, sassafras, Sp. sasafras, salsafras, salsifrax, salsifragia, saxifragia), fr. L. saxifraga saxifrage. See .] (Bot.) An American tree of the Laurel family (Sassafras officinale); also, the bark of the roots, which has an aromatic smell and taste.
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Coloq. Australian sassafras , a lofty tree (Doryophora Sassafras) with aromatic bark and leaves. -- Coloq. Chilian sassafras , an aromatic tree (Laurelia sempervirens). -- Coloq. New Zealand sassafras , a similar tree (Laurelia Novæ Zelandiæ). -- Coloq. Sassafras nut . See . -- Coloq. Swamp sassafras , the sweet bay (Magnolia glauca). See .
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Sassanage (?), n. [See a sieve.] Stones left after sifting. Smart.
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Sassarara (?), n. [Perh. a corruption of certiorari, the name of a writ.] A word used to emphasize a statement. [Obs.]
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Out she shall pack, with a sassarara. Goldsmith.
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Sasse (?), n. [D. sas, fr. F. sas the basin of a waterfall.] A sluice or lock, as in a river, to make it more navigable. [Obs.] Pepys.
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Sassenach (?), n. [Gael. sasunnach.] A Saxon; an Englishman; a Lowlander. [Celtic] Sir W. Scott.
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{ Sassolin (?), Sassoline (?), } n. [From Sasso, a town in Italy: cf. F. sassolin.] (Min.) Native boric acid, found in saline incrustations on the borders of hot springs near Sasso, in the territory of Florence.
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{ Sassorol (?), Sassorolla (?), } n. (Zoöl.) The rock pigeon. See under .
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Sassy bark (?). (Bot.) The bark of a West African leguminous tree (Erythrophlæum Guineense, used by the natives as an ordeal poison, and also medicinally; -- called also mancona bark.
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Sastra (?), n. Same as .
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Sastrugi (?). Incorrect, but common, var. of .
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Sat (săt), imp. of . [Written also sate.]
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Satan (sāt�n, săt�n obs ), n. [Heb. sātān an adversary, fr. sātan to be adverse, to persecute: cf. Gr. Sata^n, Satana^s, L. Satan, Satanas.] The grand adversary of man; the Devil, or Prince of darkness; the chief of the fallen angels; the archfiend.
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I beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven. Luke x. 18.
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{ Satanic (?), Satanical (?), } a. [Cf. F. satanique, Gr. �.] Of or pertaining to Satan; having the qualities of Satan; resembling Satan; extremely malicious or wicked; devilish; infernal. “Satanic strength.” “Satanic host.” Milton.
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Detest the slander which, with a Satanic smile, exults over the character it has ruined. Dr. T. Dwight.
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-- Satanically, adv. -- Satanicalness, n.
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Satanism (?), n. The evil and malicious disposition of Satan; a diabolical spirit. [R.]
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Satanist, n. A very wicked person. [R.] Granger.
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Satanophany (?), n. [Satan + Gr. � to appear.] An incarnation of Satan; a being possessed by a demon. [R.] O. A. Brownson.
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Satchel (?) n. [OF. sachel, fr. L. saccellus, dim. of saccus. See a bag.] A little sack or bag for carrying papers, books, or small articles of wearing apparel; a hand bag. [Spelled also sachel.]
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The whining schoolboy with his satchel. Shak.
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Sate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sated; p. pr. & vb. n. Sating.] [Probably shortened fr. satiate: cf. L. satur full. See .] To satisfy the desire or appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit.
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Crowds of wanderers sated with the business and pleasure of great cities. Macaulay.
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Sate (?), imp. of .
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But sate an equal guest at every board. Lowell.
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Sateen (?), n. [Cf. .] A kind of dress goods made of cotton or woolen, with a glossy surface resembling satin.
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Sateless (?), a. Insatiable. [R.] Young.
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Satellite (?), n. [F., fr. L. satelles, -itis, an attendant.] 1. An attendant attached to a prince or other powerful person; hence, an obsequious dependent. “The satellites of power.” I. Disraeli.
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2. (Astron.) A secondary planet which revolves about another planet; as, the moon is a satellite of the earth. See Solar system, under .
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Coloq. Satellite moth (Zoöl.), a handsome European noctuid moth (Scopelosoma satellitia).
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Satellite, a. (Anat.) Situated near; accompanying; as, the satellite veins, those which accompany the arteries.
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Satellitious (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, satellites. [R.] Cheyne.
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Sathanas (?), n. [L. Satanas. See ] Satan. [Obs.] Chaucer. Wyclif.
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Satiate (?), a. [L. satiatus, p. p. of satiare to satisfy, from sat, satis, enough. See , a., and cf. .] Filled to satiety; glutted; sated; -- followed by with or of. “Satiate of applause.” Pope.
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Satiate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Satiated (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Satiating.] 1. To satisfy the appetite or desire of; to feed to the full; to furnish enjoyment to, to the extent of desire; to sate; as, to satiate appetite or sense.
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These [smells] rather woo the sense than satiate it. Bacon.
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I may yet survive the malice of my enemies, although they should be satiated with my blood. Eikon Basilike.
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2. To full beyond natural desire; to gratify to repletion or loathing; to surfeit; to glut.
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3. To saturate. [Obs.] Sir I. Newton.
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Syn. -- To satisfy; sate; suffice; cloy; gorge; overfill; surfeit; glut. -- , , . These words differ principally in degree. To content is to make contented, even though every desire or appetite is not fully gratified. To satisfy is to appease fully the longings of desire. To satiate is to fill so completely that it is not possible to receive or enjoy more; hence, to overfill; to cause disgust in.
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Content with science in the vale of peace. Pope.
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His whole felicity is endless strife;
No peace, no satisfaction, crowns his life. Beaumont.
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He may be satiated, but not satisfied. Norris.
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Satiation (?), n. Satiety.
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Satiety (?), n. [L. satietas, from satis, sat, enough: cf. F. satiété.] The state of being satiated or glutted; fullness of gratification, either of the appetite or of any sensual desire; fullness beyond desire; an excess of gratification which excites wearisomeness or loathing; repletion; satiation.
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In all pleasures there is satiety. Hakewill.
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But thy words, with grace divine
Imbued, bring to their sweetness no satiety. Milton.
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Syn. -- Repletion; satiation; surfeit; cloyment.
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