Sound - Southdown

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Sound (?), v. i. To ascertain the depth of water with a sounding line or other device.
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I sound as a shipman soundeth in the sea with his plummet to know the depth of sea. Palsgrave.
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Sound, n. [F. sonde. See to fathom.] (Med.) Any elongated instrument or probe, usually metallic, by which cavities of the body are sounded or explored, especially the bladder for stone, or the urethra for a stricture.
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Sound, n. [OE. soun, OF. son, sun, F. son, fr. L. sonus akin to Skr. svana sound, svan to sound, and perh. to E. swan. Cf. , , , , , , .] 1. The peceived object occasioned by the impulse or vibration of a material substance affecting the ear; a sensation or perception of the mind received through the ear, and produced by the impulse or vibration of the air or other medium with which the ear is in contact; the effect of an impression made on the organs of hearing by an impulse or vibration of the air caused by a collision of bodies, or by other means; noise; report; as, the sound of a drum; the sound of the human voice; a horrid sound; a charming sound; a sharp, high, or shrill sound.
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The warlike sound
Of trumpets loud and clarions. Milton.
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2. The occasion of sound; the impulse or vibration which would occasion sound to a percipient if present with unimpaired; hence, the theory of vibrations in elastic media such cause sound; as, a treatise on sound.
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☞ In this sense, sounds are spoken of as audible and inaudible.
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3. Noise without signification; empty noise; noise and nothing else.
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Sense and not sound . . . must be the principle. Locke.
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Coloq. Sound boarding , boards for holding pugging, placed in partitions of under floors in order to deaden sounds. -- Coloq. Sound bow , in a series of transverse sections of a bell, that segment against which the clapper strikes, being the part which is most efficacious in producing the sound. See Illust. of . -- Coloq. Sound post . (Mus.) See Sounding post, under .
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Sound, v. i. [OE. sounen, sownen, OF. soner, suner, F. sonner, from L. sonare. See a noise.] 1. To make a noise; to utter a voice; to make an impulse of the air that shall strike the organs of hearing with a perceptible effect. “And first taught speaking trumpets how to sound.” Dryden.
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How silver-sweet sound lovers' tongues! Shak.
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2. To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or published; to convey intelligence by sound.
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From you sounded out the word of the Lord. 1 Thess. i. 8.
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3. To make or convey a certain impression, or to have a certain import, when heard; hence, to seem; to appear; as, this reproof sounds harsh; the story sounds like an invention.
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Good sir, why do you start, and seem to fear
Things that do sound so fair? Shak.
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Coloq. To sound in or Coloq. To sound into , to tend to; to partake of the nature of; to be consonant with. [Obs., except in the phrase To sound in damages, below.]
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Soun[d]ing in moral virtue was his speech. Chaucer.
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-- Coloq. To sound in damages (Law), to have the essential quality of damages. This is said of an action brought, not for the recovery of a specific thing, as replevin, etc., but for damages only, as trespass, and the like.
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Sound, v. t. 1. To cause to make a noise; to play on; as, to sound a trumpet or a horn; to sound an alarm.
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A bagpipe well could he play and soun[d]. Chaucer.
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2. To cause to exit as a sound; as, to sound a note with the voice, or on an instrument.
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3. To order, direct, indicate, or proclain by a sound, or sounds; to give a signal for by a certain sound; as, to sound a retreat; to sound a parley.
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The clock sounded the hour of noon. G. H. Lewes.
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4. To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause to be reported; to publish or proclaim; as, to sound the praises of fame of a great man or a great exploit.
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5. To examine the condition of (anything) by causing the same to emit sounds and noting their character; as, to sound a piece of timber; to sound a vase; to sound the lungs of a patient.
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6. To signify; to import; to denote. [Obs.] Milton.
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Soun[d]ing alway the increase of his winning. Chaucer.
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Soundable (?), a. Capable of being sounded.
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Soundage (?; 48), n. Dues for soundings.
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Sound-board (?), n. A sounding-board.
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To many a row of pipes the sound-board breathes. Milton.
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Sounder (?), n. One who, or that which; sounds; specifically, an instrument used in telegraphy in place of a register, the communications being read by sound.
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Sounder, n. (Zoöl.) A herd of wild hogs.
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Sounding, a. Making or emitting sound; hence, sonorous; as, sounding words. Dryden.
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Sounding, n. 1. The act of one who, or that which, sounds (in any of the senses of the several verbs).
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2. (Naut.) [From to fathom.] (a) measurement by sounding; also, the depth so ascertained. (b) Any place or part of the ocean, or other water, where a sounding line will reach the bottom; -- usually in the plural. (c) The sand, shells, or the like, that are brought up by the sounding lead when it has touched bottom.
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Coloq. Sounding lead , the plummet at the end of a sounding line. -- Coloq. Sounding line , a line having a plummet at the end, used in making soundings. -- Coloq. Sounding post (Mus.), a small post in a violin, violoncello, or similar instrument, set under the bridge as a support, for propagating the sounds to the body of the instrument; -- called also sound post. -- Coloq. Sounding rod (Naut.), a rod used to ascertain the depth of water in a ship's hold. -- Coloq. In soundings , within the eighty-fathom line. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
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Sounding balloon. An unmanned balloon sent aloft for meteorological or aëronautic purposes.
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Sounding-board (?), n. 1. (Mus.) A thin board which propagates the sound in a piano, in a violin, and in some other musical instruments.
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2. A board or structure placed behind or over a pulpit or rostrum to give distinctness to a speaker's voice.
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3. pl. See Sound boarding, under , a noise.
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Soundless (?), a. Not capable of being sounded or fathomed; unfathomable. Shak.
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Soundless, a. Having no sound; noiseless; silent. -- Soundlessly, adv. -- Soundlessness, n.
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Soundly, adv. In a sound manner.
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Soundness, n. The quality or state of being sound; as, the soundness of timber, of fruit, of the teeth, etc.; the soundness of reasoning or argument; soundness of faith.
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Syn. -- Firmness; strength; solidity; healthiness; truth; rectitude.
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Soune (?), v. t. & i. To sound. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Sounst (?), a. Soused. See . [Obs.]
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Soup (?), n. [F. soupe, OF. sope, supe, soupe, perhaps originally, a piece of bread; probably of Teutonic origin; cf. D. sop sop, G. suppe soup. See something dipped in a liquid, and cf. .] A liquid food of many kinds, usually made by boiling meat and vegetables, or either of them, in water, -- commonly seasoned or flavored; strong broth.
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Coloq. Soup kitchen , an establishment for preparing and supplying soup to the poor. -- Coloq. Soup ticket , a ticket conferring the privilege of receiving soup at a soup kitchen.
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Soup, v. t. To sup or swallow. [Obs.] Wyclif.
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Soup, v. t. To breathe out. [Obs.] amden.
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Soup, v. t. To sweep. See , and . [Obs.]
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Soupçon (?), n. [F.] A suspicion; a suggestion; hence, a very small portion; a taste; as, coffee with a soupçon of brandy; a soupçon of coquetry.
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Soupe-maigre (?), n. [F.] (Cookery) Soup made chiefly from vegetables or fish with a little butter and a few condiments.
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Souple (?), n. That part of a flail which strikes the grain. Knight.
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Soupy (?), a. Resembling soup; souplike.
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Sour (?), a. [Compar. Sourer (?); superl. Sourest.] [OE. sour, sur, AS. s�r; akin to D. zuur, G. sauer, OHG. s�r, Icel. s�rr, Sw. sur, Dan. suur, Lith. suras salt, Russ. surovui harsh, rough. Cf. , the plant.] 1. Having an acid or sharp, biting taste, like vinegar, and the juices of most unripe fruits; acid; tart.
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All sour things, as vinegar, provoke appetite. Bacon.
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2. Changed, as by keeping, so as to be acid, rancid, or musty, turned.
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3. Disagreeable; unpleasant; hence; cross; crabbed; peevish; morose; as, a man of a sour temper; a sour reply. “A sour countenance.” Swift.
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He was a scholar . . .
Lofty and sour to them that loved him not,
But to those men that sought him sweet as summer. Shak.
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4. Afflictive; painful. “Sour adversity.” Shak.
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5. Cold and unproductive; as, sour land; a sour marsh.
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Coloq. Sour dock (Bot.), sorrel. -- Coloq. Sour gourd (Bot.), the gourdlike fruit Adansonia Gregorii, and A. digitata; also, either of the trees bearing this fruit. See . -- Coloq. Sour grapes . See under . -- Coloq. Sour gum (Bot.) See . -- Coloq. Sour plum (Bot.), the edible acid fruit of an Australian tree (Owenia venosa); also, the tree itself, which furnished a hard reddish wood used by wheelwrights.
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Syn. -- Acid; sharp; tart; acetous; acetose; harsh; acrimonious; crabbed; currish; peevish.
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Sour, n. A sour or acid substance; whatever produces a painful effect. Spenser.
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Sour, v. t. [AS. s�rian to sour, to become sour.] 1. To cause to become sour; to cause to turn from sweet to sour; as, exposure to the air sours many substances.
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So the sun's heat, with different powers,
Ripens the grape, the liquor sours. Swift.
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2. To make cold and unproductive, as soil. Mortimer.
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3. To make unhappy, uneasy, or less agreeable.
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To sour your happiness I must report,
The queen is dead. Shak.
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4. To cause or permit to become harsh or unkindly. “Souring his cheeks.” Shak.
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Pride had not sour'd nor wrath debased my heart. Harte.
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5. To macerate, and render fit for plaster or mortar; as, to sour lime for business purposes.
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Sour, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Soured (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Souring.] To become sour; to turn from sweet to sour; as, milk soon sours in hot weather; a kind temper sometimes sours in adversity.
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They keep out melancholy from the virtuous, and hinder the hatred of vice from souring into severity. Addison.
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Source (?), n. [OE. sours, OF. sourse, surse, sorse, F. source, fr. OF. sors, p. p. of OF. sordre, surdre, sourdre, to spring forth or up, F. sourdre, fr. L. surgere to lift or raise up, to spring up. See , and cf. to plunge or swoop as a bird upon its prey.] 1. The act of rising; a rise; an ascent. [Obs.]
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Therefore right as an hawk upon a sours
Up springeth into the air, right so prayers . . .
Maken their sours to Goddes ears two. Chaucer.
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2. The rising from the ground, or beginning, of a stream of water or the like; a spring; a fountain.
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Where as the Poo out of a welle small
Taketh his firste springing and his sours. Chaucer.
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Kings that rule
Behind the hidden sources of the Nile. Addison.
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3. That from which anything comes forth, regarded as its cause or origin; the person from whom anything originates; first cause.
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This source of ideas every man has wholly in himself. Locke.
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The source of Newton's light, of Bacon's sense. Pope.
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Syn. -- See .
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Sourcrout (?), n. See .
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Sourde (?), v. i. [F. sourdre. See .] To have origin or source; to rise; to spring. [Obs.]
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Now might men ask whereof that pride sourdeth. Chaucer.
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Souring (?), n. (Bot.) Any sour apple.
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Sourish, a. Somewhat sour; moderately acid; as, sourish fruit; a sourish taste.
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Sourkrout (?), n. Same as .
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Sourly, adv. In a sour manner; with sourness.
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Sourness, n. The quality or state of being sour.
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Sours (?), n. Source. See . [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Soursop (?), n. (Bot.) The large succulent and slightly acid fruit of a small tree (Anona muricata) of the West Indies; also, the tree itself. It is closely allied to the custard apple.
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Sourwood (?), n. (Bot.) The sorrel tree.
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{ Sous, Souse } (F. s�; colloq. Eng. sous), n. A corrupt form of Sou. [Obs.] Colman, the Elder.
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Souse (?), n. [OF. sausse. See .] [Written also souce, sowce, and sowse.] 1. Pickle made with salt.
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2. Something kept or steeped in pickle; esp., the pickled ears, feet, etc., of swine.
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And he that can rear up a pig in his house,
Hath cheaper his bacon, and sweeter his souse. Tusser.
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3. The ear; especially, a hog's ear. [Prov. Eng.]
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4. The act of sousing; a plunging into water.
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Souse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Soused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sousing.] [Cf. F. saucer to wet with sauce. See pickle.] 1. To steep in pickle; to pickle. “A soused gurnet.” Shak.
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2. To plunge or immerse in water or any liquid.
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They soused me over head and ears in water. Addison.
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3. To drench, as by an immersion; to wet throughly.
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Although I be well soused in this shower. Gascoigne.
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Souse, v. i. [Probably fr. OF. sors, p. p. of sordre to rise, and first used of an upward swood, then of a swoop in general, but also confused with , v. t. See .] To swoop or plunge, as a bird upon its prey; to fall suddenly; to rush with speed; to make a sudden attack.
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For then I viewed his plunge and souse
Into the foamy main. Marston.
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Jove's bird will souse upon the timorous hare. J. Dryden. Jr.
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Souse, v. t. To pounce upon. [R.]
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[The gallant monarch] like eagle o'er his serie towers,
To souse annoyance that comes near his nest. Shak.
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Souse, n. The act of sousing, or swooping.
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As a falcon fair
That once hath failed or her souse full near. Spenser.
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Souse, adv. With a sudden swoop; violently. Young.
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Souslik (?), n. [F.] (Zoöl.) See .
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Sout (?), n. Soot. [Obs.] Spenser.
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Soutache (?), n. [F.] A kind of narrow braid, usually of silk; -- also known as Russian braid.
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Soutage (? or ?; 48), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] That in which anything is packed; bagging, as for hops. [Obs.] Halliwell.
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Soutane (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. sotana, or It. sottana, LL. subtana, fr. L. subtus below, beneath, fr. sub under.] (Eccl. Costume) A close garnment with straight sleeves, and skirts reaching to the ankles, and buttoned in front from top to bottom; especially, the black garment of this shape worn by the clergy in France and Italy as their daily dress; a cassock.
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Souter (?), n. [AS. s�t�re, fr. It. sutor, fr. suere to sew.] A shoemaker; a cobbler. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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There is no work better than another to please God: . . . to wash dishes, to be a souter, or an apostle, -- all is one. Tyndale.
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Souterly, a. Of or pertaining to a cobbler or cobblers; like a cobbler; hence, vulgar; low. [Obs.]
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Souterrain (?), n. [F. See .] A grotto or cavern under ground. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.
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South (?; by sailors sou), n. [OE. south, suþ, AS. sūð for sunð; akin to D. zuid, OHG. sund, G. süd, süden, Icel. suðr, sunnr, Dan. syd, sönden, Sw. syd, söder, sunnan; all probably akin to E. sun, meaning, the side towards the sun. √297. See .] 1. That one of the four cardinal points directly opposite to the north; the region or direction to the right or direction to the right of a person who faces the east.
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2. A country, region, or place situated farther to the south than another; the southern section of a country. “The queen of the south.” Matt. xii. 42.
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3. Specifically: That part of the United States which is south of Mason and Dixon's line. See under .
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4. The wind from the south. [Obs.] Shak.
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South, a. Lying toward the south; situated at the south, or in a southern direction from the point of observation or reckoning; proceeding toward the south, or coming from the south; blowing from the south; southern; as, the south pole. “At the south entry.” Shak.
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Coloq. South-Sea tea (Bot.) See .
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South, adv. 1. Toward the south; southward.
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2. From the south; as, the wind blows south. Bacon.
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South (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Southed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Southing.] 1. To turn or move toward the south; to veer toward the south.
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2. (Astron.) To come to the meridian; to cross the north and south line; -- said chiefly of the moon; as, the moon souths at nine.
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Southcottian (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Joanna Southcott (1750-1814), an Englishwoman who, professing to have received a miraculous calling, preached and prophesied, and committed many impious absurdities.
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Southdown (?), a. Of or pertaining to the South Downs, a range of pasture hills south of the Thames, in England.
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Coloq. Southdown sheep (Zoöl.), a celebrated breed of shortwooled, hornless sheep, highly valued on account of the delicacy of their flesh. So called from the South Downs where the breed originated.
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Southdown, n. A Southdown sheep.
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