Tooth - Tophin

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5. (Nat. Hist.) An angular or prominence on any edge; as, a tooth on the scale of a fish, or on a leaf of a plant; specifically (Bot.), one of the appendages at the mouth of the capsule of a moss. See .
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6. (Zoöl.) Any hard calcareous or chitinous organ found in the mouth of various invertebrates and used in feeding or procuring food; as, the teeth of a mollusk or a starfish.
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Coloq. In spite of the teeth , in defiance of opposition; in opposition to every effort. -- Coloq. In the teeth , directly; in direct opposition; in front. “Nor strive with all the tempest in my teeth.” Pope. -- Coloq. To cast in the teeth , to report reproachfully; to taunt or insult one with. -- Coloq. Tooth and nail , as if by biting and scratching; with one's utmost power; by all possible means. L'Estrange. “I shall fight tooth and nail for international copyright.” Charles Reade. -- Coloq. Tooth coralline (Zoöl.), any sertularian hydroid. -- Coloq. Tooth edge , the sensation excited in the teeth by grating sounds, and by the touch of certain substances, as keen acids. -- Coloq. Tooth key , an instrument used to extract teeth by a motion resembling that of turning a key. -- Coloq. Tooth net , a large fishing net anchored. [Scot.] Jamieson. -- Coloq. Tooth ornament . (Arch.) Same as , n., 2. -- Coloq. Tooth powder , a powder for cleaning the teeth; a dentifrice. -- Coloq. Tooth rash . (Med.) See , 1. -- Coloq. To show the teeth , to threaten. “When the Law shows her teeth, but dares not bite.” Young. -- Coloq. To the teeth , in open opposition; directly to one's face. “That I shall live, and tell him to his teeth .” Shak.
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Tooth (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Toothed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Toothing.] 1. To furnish with teeth.
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The twin cards toothed with glittering wire. Wordsworth.
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2. To indent; to jag; as, to tooth a saw.
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3. To lock into each other. See , n., 4. Moxon.
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Toothache (?), n. (Med.) Pain in a tooth or in the teeth; odontalgia.
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Coloq. Toothache grass (Bot.), a kind of grass (Ctenium Americanum) having a very pungent taste. -- Coloq. Toothache tree . (Bot.) (a) The prickly ash. (b) A shrub of the genus Aralia (Aralia spinosa).
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Toothback (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any notodontian.
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Toothbill (?), n. (Zoöl.) A peculiar fruit-eating ground pigeon (Didunculus strigiostris) native of the Samoan Islands, and noted for its resemblance, in several characteristics, to the extinct dodo. Its beak is stout and strongly hooked, and the mandible has two or three strong teeth toward the end. Its color is chocolate red. Called also toothbilled pigeon, and manu-mea.
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Toothbrush (?), n. A brush for cleaning the teeth.
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Toothdrawer (?), n. One whose business it is to extract teeth with instruments; a dentist. Shak.
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Toothed (?), a. 1. Having teeth; furnished with teeth. “Ruby-lipped and toothed with pearl.” Herrick.
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2. (Bot. & Zoöl.) Having marginal projecting points; dentate.
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Coloq. Toothed whale (Zoöl.), any whale of the order Denticete. See . -- Coloq. Toothed wheel , a wheel with teeth or projections cut or set on its edge or circumference, for transmitting motion by their action on the engaging teeth of another wheel.
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Toothful (?), a. Toothsome. [Obs.]
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Toothing, n. 1. The act or process of indenting or furnishing with teeth.
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2. (Masonry) Bricks alternately projecting at the end of a wall, in order that they may be bonded into a continuation of it when the remainder is carried up.
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Coloq. Toothing plane , a plane of which the iron is formed into a series of small teeth, for the purpose of roughening surfaces, as of veneers.
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Toothless, a. Having no teeth. Cowper.
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Toothlet (?), n. A little tooth, or like projection.
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Toothleted, a. Having a toothlet or toothlets; as, a toothleted leaf. [Written also toothletted.]
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Toothpick (?), n. A pointed instrument for clearing the teeth of substances lodged between them.
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Toothpicker (?), n. A toothpick. [Obs.] Shak.
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Toothshell (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any species of Dentalium and allied genera having a tooth-shaped shell. See .
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Toothsome (?), a. Grateful to the taste; palatable. -- Toothsomely, adv. -- Toothsomeness, n.
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Though less toothsome to me, they were more wholesome for me. Fuller.
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Toothwort (?), n. (Bot.) A plant whose roots are fancied to resemble teeth, as certain plants of the genus Lathræa, and various species of Dentaria. See .
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Toothy (?), a. Toothed; with teeth. [R] Croxall.
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Tootle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tootled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Tootling (?).] [Freq. of toot.] To toot gently, repeatedly, or continuously, on a wind instrument, as a flute; also, to make a similar noise by any means. “The tootling robin.” John Clare.
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Toozoo (?), n. The ringdove. [Prov. Eng.]
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Top (?), n. [CF. OD. dop, top, OHG., MNG., & dial. G. topf; perhaps akin to G. topf a pot.] 1. A child's toy, commonly in the form of a conoid or pear, made to spin on its point, usually by drawing off a string wound round its surface or stem, the motion being sometimes continued by means of a whip.
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2. (Rope Making) A plug, or conical block of wood, with longitudital grooves on its surface, in which the strands of the rope slide in the process of twisting.
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Top (?), n. [AS. top; akin to OFries. top a tuft, D. top top, OHG. zopf end, tip, tuft of hair, G. zopf tuft of hair, pigtail, top of a tree, Icel. toppr a tuft of hair, crest, top, Dan. top, Sw. topp pinnacle, top; of uncertain origin. Cf. .] 1. The highest part of anything; the upper end, edge, or extremity; the upper side or surface; summit; apex; vertex; cover; lid; as, the top of a spire; the top of a house; the top of a mountain; the top of the ground.
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The star that bids the shepherd fold,
Now the top of heaven doth hold. Milton.
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2. The utmost degree; the acme; the summit.
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The top of my ambition is to contribute to that work. Pope.
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3. The highest rank; the most honorable position; the utmost attainable place; as, to be at the top of one's class, or at the top of the school.
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And wears upon his baby brow the round
And top of sovereignty. Shak.
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4. The chief person; the most prominent one.
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Other . . . aspired to be the top of zealots. Milton.
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5. The crown of the head, or the hair upon it; the head. “From top to toe” Spenser.
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All the stored vengeance of Heaven fall
On her ungrateful top ! Shak.
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6. The head, or upper part, of a plant.
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The buds . . . are called heads, or tops, as cabbageheads. I. Watts.
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7. (Naut.) A platform surrounding the head of the lower mast and projecting on all sudes. It serves to spead the topmast rigging, thus strengheningthe mast, and also furnishes a convenient standing place for the men aloft. Totten.
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8. (Wool Manuf.) A bundle or ball of slivers of comkbed wool, from which the noils, or dust, have been taken out.
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9. Eve; verge; point. [R.] “He was upon the top of his marriage with Magdaleine.” Knolles.
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10. The part of a cut gem between the girdle, or circumference, and the table, or flat upper surface. Knight.
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11. pl. Top-boots. [Slang] Dickens.
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12. (Golf) (a) A stroke on the top of the ball. (b) A forward spin given to the ball by hitting it on or near the top.
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☞ Top is often used adjectively or as the first part of compound words, usually self-explaining; as, top stone, or topstone; top-boots, or top boots; top soil, or top-soil.
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Coloq. Top and but (Shipbuilding), a phrase used to denote a method of working long tapering planks by bringing the but of one plank to the top of the other to make up a constant breadth in two layers. -- Coloq. Top minnow (Zoöl.), a small viviparous fresh-water fish (Gambusia patruelis) abundant in the Southern United States. Also applied to other similar species. -- Coloq. From top to toe , from head to foot; altogether.
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Top, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Topped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Topping.] 1. To rise aloft; to be eminent; to tower; as, lofty ridges and topping mountains. Derham.
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2. To predominate; as, topping passions. “Influenced by topping uneasiness.” Locke.
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3. To excel; to rise above others.
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But write thy, and top. Dryden.
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4. (Golf) To strike a ball above the center.
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5. (Naut.) To rise at one end, as a yard; -- usually with up.
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Top, v. t. 1. To cover on the top; to tip; to cap; -- chiefly used in the past participle.
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Like moving mountains topped with snow. Waller.
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A mount
Of alabaster, topped with golden spires. Milton.
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2. To rise above; to excel; to outgo; to surpass.
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Topping all others in boasting. Shak.
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Edmund the base shall top the legitimate. Shak.
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3. To rise to the top of; to go over the top of.
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But wind about till thou hast topped the hill. Denham.
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4. To take off the or upper part of; to crop.
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Top your rose trees a little with your knife. Evelyn.
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5. To perform eminently, or better than before.
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From endeavoring universally to top their parts, they will go universally beyond them. Jeffrey.
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6. (Naut.) To raise one end of, as a yard, so that that end becomes higher than the other.
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7. (Dyeing) To cover with another dye; as, to top aniline black with methyl violet to prevent greening and crocking.
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8. To put a stiffening piece or back on (a saw blade).
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9. To arrange, as fruit, with the best on top. [Cant]
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10. To strike the top of, as a wall, with the hind feet, in jumping, so as to gain new impetus; -- said of a horse.
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11. To improve (domestic animals, esp. sheep) by crossing certain individuals or breeds with other superior.
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12. (Naut.) To raise one end of, as a yard, so that that end becomes higher than the other.
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13. To cut, break, or otherwise take off the top of (a steel ingot) to remove unsound metal.
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14. (Golf) To strike (the ball) above the center; also, to make (as a stroke) by hitting the ball in this way.
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Coloq. To top off , (a) to complete by putting on, or finishing, the top or uppermost part of; as, to top off a stack of hay; hence, to complete; to finish; to adorn. (b) to completely fill (an almost full tank) by adding more of the liquid it already contains.
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Toparch (?), n. [L. toparcha, Gr. �; � a place + � to govern, to rule.] The ruler or principal man in a place or country; the governor of a toparchy.
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The prince and toparch of that country. Fuller.
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Toparchy (?), n.; pl. Toparchies (#). [L. toparchia, Gr. �. See .] A small state, consisting of a few cities or towns; a petty country governed by a toparch; as, Judea was formerly divided into ten toparchies. Fuller.
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Top-armor (?), n. (Naut.) A top railing supported by stanchions and equipped with netting.
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Topau (?), n. (Zoöl.) The rhinocerous bird (a).
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Topaz (?), n. [OE. topas, F. topaze, L. topazos, or topazion, a kind of precious stone, Gr. topazos, topazion; possibly akin to Skr. tap to glow (cf. ). According to some, the name is from Topazos, a small island in the Red Sea, where the Romans obtained a stone which they called by this name, but which is the chrysolite of the moderns.] 1. (Min.) A mineral occurring in rhombic prisms, generally yellowish and pellucid, also colorless, and of greenesh, bluish, or brownish shades. It sometimes occurs massive and opaque. It is a fluosilicate of alumina, and is used as a gem.
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2. (Zoöl.) Either one of two species of large, brilliantly colored humming birds of the genus Topaza (Topaza pella or Topaza pyra), of South America and the West Indies.
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☞ The two tail feathers next to the central ones are much longer that the rest, curved, and crossed. The Throat is metallic yellowish-green, with a tint like topaz in the center, the belly is bright crimson, the back bright red. Called also topaz hummer.
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Coloq. False topaz . (Min.) See the Note under .
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Topazolite (?), n. [Topaz + -lite; cf. F. topazolithe.] (Min.) A topaz-yellow variety of garnet.
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Top billing (?), n. the most prominent place in an advertisement or program for a theatrical performance, movie, fundraising affair, etc.; the place where the star's name usually is located.
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Top-block (?), n. (Naut.) A large ironbound block strapped with a hook, and, when used, hung to an eyebolt in the cap, -- used in swaying and lowering the topmast. Totten.
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Top-boots (?), n. pl. High boots, having generally a band of some kind of light-colored leather around the upper part of the leg; riding boots.
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Top-chain (?), n. (Naut.) A chain for slinging the lower yards, in time of action, to prevent their falling, if the ropes by which they are hung are shot away.
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Top-cloth (?), n. (Naut.) A piece of canvas used to cover the hammocks which are lashed to the top in action to protect the topmen.
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Topcoat (?), n. An outer coat; an overcoat.
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Top-drain (?), v. t. To drain the surface of, as land; as, to top-drain a field or farm.
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Top-draining, n. The act or practice of drining the surface of land.
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Top-dress (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Top-dressed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Top-dressing.] To apply a surface dressing of manureto,as land.
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Top-dressing, n. The act of applying a dressing of manure to the surface of land; also, manure so applied.
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Tope (tōp), n. [Probably from Skr. stūpa a tope, a stupa, through Prakrit thūpo.] A moundlike Buddhist sepulcher, or memorial monument, often erected over a Buddhist relic.
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Tope, n. [Tamil tōppu.] A grove or clump of trees; as, a toddy tope. [India] Whitworth.
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Tope, n. 1. (Zoöl.) A small shark or dogfish (Galeorhinus galeus syn. Galeus galeus), native of Europe, but found also on the coasts of California and Tasmania; -- called also toper, oil shark, miller's dog, and penny dog.
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2. (Zoöl.) The wren. [Prov. Eng.]
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Tope, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Toped (tōpt); p. pr. & vb. n. Toping.] [F. tôper to cover a stake in playing at dice, to accept an offer, tôpe agreed!; -- perhaps imitative of the sound of striking hands on concluding a bargain. From being used in English as a drinking term, probably at first in accepting a toast.] To drink hard or frequently; to drink strong or spiritous liquors to excess.
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If you tope in form, and treat. Dryden.
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Topek (?), n. [Eskimo tupek.] An Eskimo house made of material other than snow, esp. one having walls of turf, driftwood, rock, or skin, and a roof of skins of the walrus or seal. In Alaska it is often partially underground and covered with timber and turf. Topeks are also used by Indians of the lower Yukon region.
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Toper (tōpẽr), n. One who topes, or drinks frequently or to excess; a drunkard; a sot.
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Topet (?), n. [F. toupet tuft. See .] (Zoöl.) The European crested titmouse. [Prov. Eng.]
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Top fermentation. An alcoholic fermentation during which the yeast cells are carried to the top of the fermenting liquid. It proceeds with some violence and requires a temperature of 14-30° C. (58-86° F.). It is used in the production of ale, porter, etc., and of wines high in alcohol, and in distilling.
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Topflight, a. unexcelled; of the highest grade; of greatest skill; exhibiting excellence; a topflight performance.
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Topful (?), a. Full to the top, ore brim; brimfull. “Topful of direst cruelty.” Shak.
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[He] was so topful of himself, that he let it spill on all the company. I. Watts.
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Topgallant (?), a.
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1. (Naut.) Situated above the topmast and below the royal mast; designatb, or pertaining to, the third spars in order from the deck; as, the topgallant mast, yards, braces, and the like. See Illustration of .
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2. Fig.: Highest; elevated; splendid. “The consciences of topgallant sparks.” L'Estrange.
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Coloq. Topgallant breeze , a breeze in which the topgallant sails may properly be carried.
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Topgallant, n. 1. (Naut.) A topgallant mast or sail.
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2. Fig.: Anything elevated or splendid. Bacon.
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Toph (?), n. [L. tophus, tofus, tufa, or tuft. Cf. , , .] (Min.) kind of sandstone.
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Tophaceous (?), a. [L. tophaceus, tofaceus.] Gritty; sandy; rough; stony.
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Top-hamper (?), n. (Naut.) The upper rigging, spars, etc., of a ship. [Written also top hamper.]
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All the ships of the fleet . . . were so encumbered with tophamper, so overweighted in proportion to their draught of water, that they could bear but little canvas, even with smooth seas and light and favorable winds. Motley.
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Top-heavy (?), a. Having the top or upper part too heavy for the lower part. Sir H. Wotton.
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Tophet (?), n. [Heb. tōphet, literally, a place to be spit upon, an abominable place, fr. tūph to spit out.] A place lying east or southeast of Jerusalem, in the valley of Hinnom. [Written also Topheth.]
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And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom. 2 Kings xxiii. 10.
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☞ It seems to have been at first part of the royal garden, but it was afterwards defiled and polluted by the sacrifices of Baal and the fires of Moloch, and resounded with the cries of burning infants. At a later period, its altars and high places were thrown down, and all the filth of the city poured into it, until it became the abhorrence of Jerusalem, and, in symbol, the place where are wailing and gnashing of teeth.
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The pleasant valley of Hinnom, Tophet thence
And black Gehenna called, the type of hell. Milton.
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Tophin (?), n. (Min.) Same as .
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