Tune - Turbination

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2. To give tone to; to attune; to adapt in style of music; to make harmonious.
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For now to sorrow must I tune my song. Milton.
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3. To sing with melody or harmony.
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Fountains, and ye, that warble, as ye flow,
Melodious murmurs, warbling tune his praise. Milton.
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4. To put into a proper state or disposition. Shak.
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Tune (tūn), v. i. 1. To form one sound to another; to form accordant musical sounds.
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Whilst tuning to the water's fall,
The small birds sang to her. Drayton.
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2. To utter inarticulate harmony with the voice; to sing without pronouncing words; to hum. [R.]
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Tuneful (-fụl), a. Harmonious; melodious; musical; as, tuneful notes. “ Tuneful birds.” Milton. -- Tunefully, adv. -- Tunefulness, n.
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Tuneless (tūnlĕs), a. 1. Without tune; inharmonious; unmusical. “ Thy tuneless serenade.” Cowley.
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How often have I led thy sportive choir,
With tuneless pipe, beside the murmuring Loire! Goldsmith.
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2. Not employed in making music; as, tuneless harps.
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3. Not expressed in music or poetry; unsung. [R.]
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Tuner (tūnẽr), n. One who tunes; especially, one whose occupation is to tune musical instruments.
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Tun-great (?), a. Having the circumference of a tun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Tungstate (tŭngst�t), n. [Cf. F. tungstate.] (Chem.) A salt of tungstic acid; a wolframate.
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Tungsten (tŭngstĕn), n. [Sw. tungsten (cf. Dan. tungsteen, G. tungstein); tung heavy (akin to Dan. tung, Icel. þungr) + sten stone. See .] 1. (Chem.) A rare element of the chromium group found in certain minerals, as wolfram and scheelite, and isolated as a heavy steel-gray metal which is very hard and infusible. It has both acid and basic properties. When alloyed in small quantities with steel, it greatly increases its hardness. Symbol W (Wolframium). Atomic weight, 183.6. Specific gravity, 18.
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2. (Min.) Scheelite, or calcium tungstate. [Obs.]
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Coloq. Tungsten ocher , or Coloq. Tungstic ocher (Min.), tungstite.
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Tungstenic (tŭngstĕnĭk), a. Of or pertaining to tungsten; containing tungsten; as, tungstenic ores. [R.]
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Tungsten lamp. An electric glow lamp having filaments of metallic tungsten, and contained in a glass bulb which is evacuated or has an inert gas, to avoid oxidation of the tungsten; a common form of light bulb. Such lamps, owing to the refractory nature of the metal, may be maintained at a very high temperature and require an expenditure of only about 1.25 watts per candle power, depending on the total wattage and the design of the bulb. By mid-20th century tungsten lamps became the most common type of incandescent (as contrasted with fluorescent) lamp; thus the phrase Coloq. incandescent lamp or Coloq. incandescent light typically refers to a tungsten lamp.
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Tungsten steel. (Metal.) A steel containing a small amount of tungsten, noted for tenacity and hardness, even under a considerable degree of heat. Magnets made of it are said to be highly permanent. It often contains manganese.
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Tungstic (tŭngstĭk), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to tungsten; derived from, or resembling, tungsten; wolframic; as, tungstic oxide.
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Coloq. Tungstic acid , an acid of tungsten, H2WO4, analogous to sulphuric and chromic acids.
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Tungstite (tŭngstīt), n. (Min.) The oxide of tungsten, a yellow mineral occurring in a pulverulent form. It is often associated with wolfram.
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Tunguses (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) A group of roving Turanian tribes occupying Eastern Siberia and the Amur valley. They resemble the Mongols. [Written also Tungooses.]
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Tungusic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Tunguses; as, the Tungusic dialects.
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Tunhoof (tŭnh�f), n. [Cf. .] (Bot.) Ground ivy; alehoof.
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Tunic (tūnĭk), n. [L. tunica: cf. F. tunique.]
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1. (Rom. Antiq.) An under-garment worn by the ancient Romans of both sexes. It was made with or without sleeves, reached to or below the knees, and was confined at the waist by a girdle.
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2. Any similar garment worn by ancient or Oriental peoples; also, a common name for various styles of loose-fitting under-garments and over-garments worn in modern times by Europeans and others.
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3. (R. C. Ch.) Same as .
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4. (Anat.) A membrane, or layer of tissue, especially when enveloping an organ or part, as the eye.
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5. (Bot.) A natural covering; an integument; as, the tunic of a seed.
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6. (Zoöl.) See , n., 3 (a).
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Tunicary (?), n.; pl. Tunicaries (#). [L. tunica a tunic.] (Zoöl.) One of the Tunicata.
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Tunicata (?), pr. n. pl. [NL. See .] (Zoöl.) A grand division of the animal kingdom, intermediate, in some respects, between the invertebrates and vertebrates, and in modern classifications considered a subphylum of the vertebrates; called also urochordata. They were formerly classed with acephalous mollusks. The body is usually covered with a firm external tunic, consisting in part of cellulose, and having two openings, one for the entrance and one for the exit of water. The pharynx is usually dilated in the form of a sac, pierced by several series of ciliated slits, and serves as a gill.
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☞ Most of the species when mature are firmly attached to foreign substances, but have free-swimming larvæ which are furnished with an elongated tail and somewhat resemble a tadpole. In this state the larva has a urochord and certain other structures resembling some embryonic vertebrates. See , , , , and Illust. of Social ascidian, under .
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{ Tunicate (?), Tunicated (?), } a. [L. tunicatus, p. p. of tunicare to clothe with a tunic, fr. tunica a tunic.] 1. (Bot.) Covered with a tunic; covered or coated with layers; as, a tunicated bulb.
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2. (Zoöl.) (a) Having a tunic, or mantle; of or pertaining to the Tunicata. (b) Having each joint buried in the preceding funnel-shaped one, as in certain antennæ of insects.
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Tunicate (?), pr. n. (Zoöl.) One of the Tunicata.
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Tunicin (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) Animal cellulose; a substance present in the mantle, or tunic, of the Tunicates, which resembles, or is identical with, the cellulose of the vegetable kingdom.
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Tunicle (?), n. [L. tunicula a little tunic, coat, or membrane, dim. of tunica a tunic: cf. OF. tunicle.] 1. A slight natural covering; an integument.
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The tunicles that make the ball or apple of the eye. Holland.
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2. (R. C. Ch.) A short, close-fitting vestment worn by bishops under the dalmatic, and by subdeacons.
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Tuning (tūnĭng), a. & n. from , v.
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Coloq. Tuning fork (Mus.), a steel instrument consisting of two prongs and a handle, which, being struck, gives a certain fixed tone. It is used for tuning instruments, or for ascertaining the pitch of tunes.
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Tunk (tŭṉk), n. A sharp blow; a thump. [Prov. Eng. or Colloq. U. S.]
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Tunker (tŭṉkẽr), n. (Eccl.) Same as .
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Tunnage (tŭnn�j; 48), n. [From ; cf. .] See .
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Tunnel (tŭnnĕl), n. [F. tonnelle a semicircular, wagon-headed vault, a tunnel net, an arbor, OF. also tonnel; dim. of tonne a tun; -- so named from its resemblance to a tun in shape. See .] 1. A vessel with a broad mouth at one end, and a pipe or tube at the other, for conveying liquor, fluids, etc., into casks, bottles, or other vessels; a funnel.
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2. The opening of a chimney for the passage of smoke; a flue; a funnel.
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And one great chimney, whose long tunnel thence
The smoke forth threw. Spenser.
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3. An artificial passage or archway for conducting canals, roads, or railroads under elevated ground, for the formation of roads under rivers or canals, and the construction of sewers, drains, and the like.
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4. (Mining) A level passage driven across the measures, or at right angles to veins which it is desired to reach; -- distinguished from the drift, or gangway, which is led along the vein when reached by the tunnel.
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Coloq. Tunnel head (Metal.), the top of a smelting furnace where the materials are put in. -- Coloq. Tunnel kiln , a limekiln in which coal is burned, as distinguished from a flame kiln, in which wood or peat is used. -- Coloq. Tunnel net , a net with a wide mouth at one end and narrow at the other. -- Coloq. Tunnel pit , Coloq. Tunnel shaft , a pit or shaft sunk from the top of the ground to the level of a tunnel, for drawing up the earth and stones, for ventilation, lighting, and the like.
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Tunnel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Tunneled (tŭnnĕld) or Tunnelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Tunneling or Tunnelling.]
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1. To form into a tunnel, or funnel, or to form like a tunnel; as, to tunnel fibrous plants into nests. Derham.
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2. To catch in a tunnel net.
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3. To make an opening, or a passageway, through or under; as, to tunnel a mountain; to tunnel a river.
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Tunnel, v. i. To make a tunnel; as, to tunnel under a river.
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Tunnel stern. A design of motor-boat stern, for use in shallow waters, in which the propeller is housed in a tunnel and does not extend below the greatest draft.
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Tunny (tŭnn�), n.; pl. Tunnies (#). [L. thunnus, thynnus, Gr. qynnos, qy^nos: cf. It. tonno, F. & Pr. thon.] (Zoöl.) The chiefly British equivalent of tuna; any one of several species of large oceanic fishes belonging to the Mackerel family, especially the common or great tunny (Thunnus thynnus syn. Albacora thynnus, formerly Orcynus thynnus) native of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It sometimes weighs a thousand pounds or more, and is extensively caught in the Mediterranean. On the American coast it is called horse mackerel. See Illust. of Horse mackerel, under . [Written also thynny.]
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☞ The little tunny (Gymnosarda alletterata) of the Mediterranean and North Atlantic, and the long-finned tunny, or albicore (Thunnus alalunga, see ), are related species of smaller size.
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Tup (tŭp), v. t. & i. [Probably akin to top summit, head.] 1. To butt, as a ram does. [Prov. Eng.]
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2. To cover; -- said of a ram. Shak.
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Tup, n. (Zoöl.) A ram.
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Tupai (t�pī), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of the tupaiids.
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Tupaiid (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of East Indian and Asiatic insectivores of the family Tupaiidæ, somewhat resembling squirrels in size and arboreal habits. The nose is long and pointed.
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Tupelo (?), n. [Tupelo, or tupebo, the native American Indian name.] (Bot.) A North American tree (Nyssa multiflora) of the Dogwood family, having brilliant, glossy foliage and acid red berries. The wood is crossgrained and very difficult to split. Called also black gum, sour gum, and pepperidge.
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Coloq. Largo tupelo , or Coloq. Tupelo gum (Bot.), an American tree (Nyssa uniflora) with softer wood than the tupelo. -- Coloq. Sour tupelo (Bot.), the Ogeechee lime.
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Tupi (?), pr. n. An Indian of the tribe from which the Tupian stock takes its name, dwelling, at the advent of the Portuguese, about the mouth of the Amazon. Also, their language, which is the basis of the Indian trade language of the Amazon.
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Tupian (?), a. Designating, or pertaining to, a linguistic stock of South American Indians comprising the most important Brazilian tribes. Agriculture, pottery, and stone working were practiced by them at the time of the conquest. The Tupi and the Guarani were originally the most powerful of the stock, which is hence also called Tupi-Guaranian.
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Tupman (?), n.; pl. Tupmen (�). A man who breeds, or deals in tups. [Prov. Eng.]
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tuppence n. 1. [contraction from two pence.] A former U.K. silver coin; a U.K. bronze decimal coin worth two pennies.
Syn. -- twopence
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Tupperware, Tupper ware (?), n. [Trade name.] 1. the collective trade name for a type of plastic food-storage container with a translucent bottom and a close-fitting lid designed to seal the container tightly. It is in common use in the late 20th century and early 21st century in the U. S. It comes in a variety of shapes and sizes, suitable for storing a variety of items. Also used attributively. She saved the leftovers in a couple of Tupperware containers.
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Tupperware party n. a social gathering at which the host (or more typically hostess) entertains the guests, and provides them with an opportunity to order Tupperware. This was used as an effective sales strategy by the Tupperware manufacturer, and provided income to the host(ess) from commissions on sales.
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Tuque (?), n. [Canadian F. See .] A kind of warm cap winter wear, made from a knit bag with closed tapered ends by pushing one end within the other, thus making a conical cap of double thickness.
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Picturesque fellow with tuques, red sashes, and fur coats. F. Remington.
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Tur (t�r), n. [Pol.] (Zoöl.) The .
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Turacin (?), n. (Physiol.) (Chem.) A red or crimson pigment obtained from certain feathers of several species of turacou; whence the name. It contains nearly six per cent of copper.
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turaco, turacou (?), n. [Cf. F. touraco.] (Zoöl.) Any one of several species of large brightly crested birds of the genus Turacus, native of Africa. They eat plantain and are remarkable for the peculiar green and red pigments found in their feathers. [Written also touraco, touracou, and turakoo.]
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Turacoverdin (?), n. [See , and .] (Physiol.) (Chem.) A green pigment found in the feathers of the turacou. See .
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Turanian (?), pr. a. [From Tur, the name, in Persian legendary history, of one of the three brothers from whom sprang the races of mankind.] Of, pertaining to, or designating, an extensive family of languages of simple structure and low grade (called also Altaic, Ural-Altaic, and Scythian), spoken in the northern parts of Europe and Asia and in Central Asia; of pertaining to, or designating, the people who speak these languages.
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Turanian (?), pr. n. One of the Turanians.
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Turanians (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) (a) An extensive division of mankind including the Mongols and allied races of Asia, together with the Malays and Polynesians. (b) A group of races or tribes inhabiting Asia and closely related to the Mongols.
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Turatt (?), n. (Zoöl.) The hare kangaroo.
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Turban (tûrb�n), n. [OE. turband, turbant, tolibant, F. turban, It. turbante, Turk. tulbend, dulbend, fr. Per. dulband. Cf. .] 1. A headdress worn by men in the Levant and by many Muslims of the male sex, consisting of a cap, and a sash, scarf, or shawl, usually of cotton or linen, wound about the cap, and sometimes hanging down the neck.
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2. A kind of headdress worn by women.
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3. (Zoöl.) The whole set of whorls of a spiral shell.
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Turband (tûrb�nd), n. A turban. Balfour (Cyc. of Ind.).
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Turbaned (tûrb�nd), a. Wearing a turban. “ A malignant and a turbaned Turk.” Shak.
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Turban-shell (?), n. (Zoöl.) A sea urchin when deprived of its spines; -- popularly so called from a fancied resemblance to a turban.
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Turbant (tûrb�nt), n. A turban. [Obs.] Milton.
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I see the Turk nodding with his turbant. Howell.
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Turban-top (?), n. (Bot.) A kind of fungus with an irregularly wrinkled, somewhat globular pileus (Helvella esculenta syn. Gyromitra esculenta.).
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Turbary (?), n.; pl. Turbaries (#). [LL. turbaria a place for digging peat, from turba peat. See .] (Eng. Law) A right of digging turf on another man's land; also, the ground where turf is dug.
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Turbellaria (?), n. pl. [NL., dim. fr. L. turbo a whirling.] (Zoöl.) An extensive group of worms which have the body covered externally with vibrating cilia. It includes the Rhabdocœla and Dendrocœla. Formerly, the nemerteans were also included in this group.
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Turbellarian (?), n. (Zoöl.) One of the Turbellaria. Also used adjectively.
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Turbeth (tûrbĕth), n. See .
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Turbid (tûrbĭd), a. [L. turbidus, from turba tumult, disturbance, akin to turbare to disturb. See , and cf. , .] 1. Not clear; having suspended matter that scatters light passing through; having the lees or sediment disturbed; roiled; muddy; thick; -- used of liquids of any kind; as, turbid water; turbid wine.
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On that strong, turbid water, a small boat,
Guided by one weak hand, was seen to float. Whittier.
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2. Disturbed; confused; disordered. “ Such turbid intervals that use to attend close prisoners.” Howell.
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Turbidity (?), n. Turbidness.
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Turbidly (?), adv. 1. In a turbid manner; with muddiness or confusion.
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2. Proudly; haughtily. [A Latinism. R.]
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One of great merit turbidly resents them. Young.
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Turbidness, n. The quality or state of being turbid; muddiness; foulness.
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Turbillion (?), n. [F. tourbillon, from L. turbo a whirl.] A whirl; a vortex. Spectator.
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Turbinaceous (?), a. [See .] Of or pertaining to peat, or turf; of the nature of peat, or turf; peaty; turfy. Sir. W. Scott.
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Turbinal (?), a. [L. turbo, turben, -inis, a top, whirl.] (Anat.) Rolled in a spiral; scroll-like; turbinate; -- applied to the thin, plicated, bony or cartilaginous plates which support the olfactory and mucous membranes of the nasal chambers.
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☞ There are usually several of these plates in each nasal chamber. The upper ones, connected directly with the ethmoid bone, are called ethmoturbinals, and the lower, connected with the maxillæ, maxillo-turbinals. Incurved portions of the wall of the nasal chamber are sometimes called pseudoturbinals, to distinguish them from the true turbinals which are free outgrowths into the chambers.
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Turbinal, n. (Anat.) A turbinal bone or cartilage.
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Turbinate (?), v. i. To revolve or spin like a top; to whirl. [R.]
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{ Turbinate (?), Turbinated (?), } a. [L. turbinatus, fr. turbo, turben, turbinis, a whirl, top.] 1. Whirling in the manner of a top.
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A spiral and turbinated motion of the whole. Bentley.
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2. (Bot.) Shaped like a top, or inverted cone; narrow at the base, and broad at the apex; as, a turbinated ovary, pericarp, or root.
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3. (Anat.) Turbinal.
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4. (Zoöl.) Spiral with the whorls decreasing rapidly from a large base to a pointed apex; -- said of certain shells.
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Turbination (?), n. [Cf. L. tirbinatio a pointing in the form of a cone. See .] The act of spinning or whirling, as a top.
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