Vineal - Violet

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Vineal (?), a. [L. vinealis.] Of or pertaining to vines; containing vines. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
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Vine-clad (?), a. Covered with vines.
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Vined (?), a. Having leaves like those of the vine; ornamented with vine leaves. “Vined and figured columns.” Sir H. Wotton.
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Vinedresser (?), n. One who cultivates, prunes, or cares for, grapevines; a laborer in a vineyard.
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The sons of the shall be your plowmen and your vinedressers. Isa. lxi. 5.
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Vinegar (?), n. [OE. vinegre, F. vinaigre; vin wine (L. vinum) + aigre sour. See , and , a.] 1. A sour liquid used as a condiment, or as a preservative, and obtained by the spontaneous (acetous) fermentation, or by the artificial oxidation, of wine, cider, beer, or the like.
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☞ The characteristic sourness of vinegar is due to acetic acid, of which it contains from three to five per cent. Wine vinegar contains also tartaric acid, citric acid, etc.
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2. Hence, anything sour; -- used also metaphorically.
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Here's the challenge: . . . I warrant there's vinegar and pepper in't. Shak.
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Coloq. Aromatic vinegar , strong acetic acid highly flavored with aromatic substances. -- Coloq. Mother of vinegar . See 4th . -- Coloq. Radical vinegar , acetic acid. -- Coloq. Thieves' vinegar . See under . -- Coloq. Vinegar eel (Zoöl.), a minute nematode worm (Leptodera oxophila, or Anguillula acetiglutinis), commonly found in great numbers in vinegar, sour paste, and other fermenting vegetable substances; -- called also vinegar worm. -- Coloq. Vinegar lamp (Chem.), a fanciful name of an apparatus designed to oxidize alcohol to acetic acid by means of platinum. -- Coloq. Vinegar plant . See 4th . -- Coloq. Vinegar tree (Bot.), the stag-horn sumac (Rhus typhina), whose acid berries have been used to intensify the sourness of vinegar. -- Coloq. Wood vinegar . See under .
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Vinegar, v. t. To convert into vinegar; to make like vinegar; to render sour or sharp. [Obs.]
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Hoping that he hath vinegared his senses
As he was bid. B. Jonson.
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Vinegarette (?), n. See , n., 2.
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Vinegar fly. Any of several fruit flies, esp. Drosophila ampelopophila, which breed in imperfectly sealed preserves and in pickles.
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Vinegarroon (?), n. [Cf. Sp. vinagre vinegar.] A whip scorpion, esp. a large Mexican species (Thelyphonus giganteus) popularly supposed to be very venomous; -- from the odor that it emits when alarmed.
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Vinegary (?), a. Having the nature of vinegar; sour; unamiable.
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Viner (?), n. A vinedresser. [Obs.]
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Vinery (?), n. 1. A vineyard. [Obs.] “The vinery of Ramer.” Fabyan.
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2. A structure, usually inclosed with glass, for rearing and protecting vines; a grapery.
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Vinette (?), n. [Cf. .] A sprig or branch. [Archaic] Halliwell.
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Vinewed (?), a. Same as .
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Vineyard (?), n. [For OE. winyard, AS. wīngeard; influenced by E. vine. See , and an inclosure.] An inclosure or yard for grapevines; a plantation of vines producing grapes.
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Vineyardist, n. One who cultivates a vineyard.
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Vingt et un (?). [F., twenty and one.] A game at cards, played by two or more persons. The fortune of each player depends upon obtaining from the dealer such cards that the sum of their pips, or spots, is twenty-one, or a number near to it; -- also called blackjack, or twenty-one. There are several variations (such as Caribbean blackjack). In the most common variation played in casinos, there is one dealer who plays for the house, and up to seven players. The players and dealer each receive two cards, the dealer's cards usually being one face up and one face down. The players each in turn decide whether they will request additional cards (“hit”), the objective being to reach a sum of card values as close as possible to twenty-one, without exceeding that number. If, on hitting, the player's total card values exceed 21, he has “busted”, and lost his bet. Otherwise, the player wins only if his total card values exceed those of the dealer. “picture cards” (or “face cards”, being the jack, queen, and king) are counted as having a value of ten. The ace may count as one or eleven, at the player's option. Other than to hit, there are also other possible actions by the player, such as to “double down” (receive only one additional card, while doubling the initial bet), or to “split” (if the first two cards have the same value).
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Vingtun (?), n. Contraction for .
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Vinic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to wine; as, vinic alcohol.
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Viniculture (?), n. [L. vinum wine + cultura culture.] The cultivation of the vine, esp. for making wine; viticulture.
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Vinification (?), n. [L. vinum wine + E. -fication.] The conversion of a fruit juice or other saccharine solution into alcohol by fermentation.
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Vinnewed (?), a. [See .] Moldy; musty. [Written also vinewed.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
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-- Vinnewedness, n. [Obs.]
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Many of Chaucer's words are become, as it were, vinnewed and hoary with over-long lying. F. Beaumont.
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Vinny (?), a. Vinnewed. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
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Vinolency (?), n. [L. vinolentina. See .] Drunkennes. [Obs.]
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Vinolent (?), a. [L. vinolentus, fr. vinum wine.] Given to wine; drunken; intemperate. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Vinometer (?), n. [L. vinum vine + -meter.] An instrument for determining the strength or purity of wine by measuring its density.
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Vin ordinaire (?). [F., lit., common wine.] A cheap claret, used as a table wine in France.
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Vinose (?), a. Vinous.
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Vinosity (?), n. [L. vinositas: cf. F. vinosité.] The quality or state of being vinous.
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Vinous (?), a. [L. vinosus, fr. vinum wine: cf. F. vineux. See .] Of or pertaining to wine; having the qualities of wine; as, a vinous taste.
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Vinquish (?), n. (Far.) See , n.
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Vintage (?; 48), n. [Corrupted by influence of vintner, vintry, from OE. vindage, vendage, for vendange, OF. vendenge, F. vendange, from L. vindemia; vinum wine, grapes + demere to take off; de + emere, originally, to take. See , , and cf. .] 1. The produce of the vine for one season, in grapes or in wine; as, the vintage is abundant; the vintage of 1840.
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2. The act or time of gathering the crop of grapes, or making the wine for a season.
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Coloq. Vintage spring , a wine fount. -- Coloq. Vintage time , the time of gathering grapes and making wine. Milton.
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Vintager (?), n. [From : cf. F. vendangeur.] One who gathers the vintage.
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Vintaging (?), n. The act of gathering the vintage, or crop of grapes.
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Vintner (?), n. [OE. vintener, viniter, OF. vinetier, vinotier, LL. vinetarius, fr. L. vinetum a vineyard, fr. vinum wine. See .] One who deals in wine; a wine seller, or wine merchant.
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Vintry (?), n. [OE. viniterie, from OF. vinotier, vinetier, wine merchant. See .] A place where wine is sold. [Obs.] Ainsworth.
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Vinum (?), n.; pl. Vina (#). [L. See .] Wine, -- chiefly used in Pharmacy in the name of solutions of some medicinal substance in wine; as: Coloq. vina medicata , medicated wines; Coloq. vinum opii , wine of opium.
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Viny (?), a. Of or pertaining to vines; producing, or abounding in, vines. P. Fletcher.
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Vinyl (?), n. [L. vinum wine + -yl.] (Chem.) The hypothetical radical C2H3, regarded as the characteristic residue of ethylene and that related series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with which the allyl compounds are homologous.
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Viol (?), n. [F. viole; cf. Pr. viola, viula, Sp., Pg., & It. viola, LL. vitula; of uncertain origin; perhaps from L. vitulari to celebrate a festival, keep holiday, be joyful, perhaps originally, to sacrifice a calf (vitulus; cf. ). Cf. , , 2d , .]
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1. (Mus.) A stringed musical instrument formerly in use, of the same form as the violin, but larger, and having six strings, to be struck with a bow, and the neck furnished with frets for stopping the strings.
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Me softer airs befit, and softer strings
Of lute, or viol still, more apt for mournful things. Milton.
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☞ The name is now applied as a general term to designate instruments of the violin kind, as tenor viol, bass viol, etc.
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2. (Naut.) A large rope sometimes used in weighing anchor. [Written also voyal, and voyal.] Totten.
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Viola (?), n. [L., a violet. See .] (Bot.) A genus of polypetalous herbaceous plants, including all kinds of violets.
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Viola (?), n. [It. See .] (Mus.) An instrument in form and use resembling the violin, but larger, and a fifth lower in compass.
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Coloq. Viola da braccio [It., viol for the arm], the tenor viol, or viola, a fifth lower than the violin. Its part is written in the alto clef, hence it is sometimes called the alto. -- Coloq. Viola da gamba [It., viol for the leg], an instrument resembling the viola, but larger, and held between the knees. It is now rarely used. -- Coloq. Viola da spalla [It., viol for the shoulder], an instrument formerly used, resembling the viola, and intermediate in size between the viola and the viola da gamba. -- Coloq. Viola di amore [It., viol of love: cf. F. viole d'amour], a viol, larger than the viola, having catgut strings upon, and brass or steel wires under, the keyboard. These, sounding sympathetically with the strings, yield a peculiarly soft and silvery sound. It is now seldom used.
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Violable (?), a. [L. violabilis: cf. F. violable. See .] Capable of being violated, broken, or injured. -- Violably, adv.
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Violaceous (?), a. [L. violaceus, fr. viola a violet.] 1. Resembling violets in color; bluish purple.
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2. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to a natural order of plants, of which the violet is the type. It contains about twenty genera and two hundred and fifty species.
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Violaniline (?), n. [Violet + aniline.] (Chem.) A dyestuff of the induline group, made from aniline, and used as a substitute for indigo in dyeing wool and silk a violet-blue or a gray-blue color.
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Violantin (?), n. [See .] (Chem.) A complex nitrogenous substance, produced as a yellow crystalline substance, and regarded as a complex derivative of barbituric acid.
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Violaquercitrin (?), n. (Chem.) A yellow crystalline glucoside obtained from the pansy (Viola tricolor), and decomposing into glucose and quercitrin.
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Violascent (?), a. Violescent. [R.]
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Violate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Violates (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Violating.] [L. violatus, p. p. of violare to violate, fr. vis strength, force. See .] 1. To treat in a violent manner; to abuse.
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His wife Boadicea violated with stripes, his daughters with rape. Milton.
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2. To do violence to, as to anything that should be held sacred or respected; to profane; to desecrate; to break forcibly; to trench upon; to infringe.
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Violated vows
'Twixt the souls of friend and friend. Shak.
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Oft have they violated
The temple, oft the law, with foul affronts. Milton.
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3. To disturb; to interrupt. “Employed, it seems, to violate sleep.” Milton.
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4. To commit rape on; to ravish; to outrage.
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Syn. -- To injure; disturb; interrupt; infringe; transgress; profane; deflour; debauch; dishonor.
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Violation (?), n. [L. violatio: cf. F. violation.] The act of violating, treating with violence, or injuring; the state of being violated. Specifically: --
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(a) Infringement; transgression; nonobservance; as, the violation of law or positive command, of covenants, promises, etc. “The violation of my faith.” Shak.
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(b) An act of irreverence or desecration; profanation or contemptuous treatment of sacred things; as, the violation of a church. Udall.
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(c) Interruption, as of sleep or peace; disturbance.
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(d) Ravishment; rape; outrage. Shak.
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Violative (?), a. Violating, or tending to violate.
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Violator (?), n. [L.] One who violates; an infringer; a profaner; a ravisher.
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Viole (?), n. A vial. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Violence (?), n. [F., fr. L. violentia. See .] 1. The quality or state of being violent; highly excited action, whether physical or moral; vehemence; impetuosity; force.
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That seal
You ask with such a violence, the king,
Mine and your master, with his own hand gave me. Shak.
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All the elements
At least had gone to wrack, disturbed and torn
With the violence of this conflict. Milton.
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2. Injury done to that which is entitled to respect, reverence, or observance; profanation; infringement; unjust force; outrage; assault.
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Do violence to do man. Luke iii. 14.
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We can not, without offering violence to all records, divine and human, deny an universal deluge. T. Burnet.
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Looking down, he saw
The whole earth filled with violence. Milton.
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3. Ravishment; rape; constupration.
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Coloq. To do violence on , to attack; to murder. “She . . . did violence on herself.” Shak. -- Coloq. To do violence to , to outrage; to injure; as, he does violence to his own opinions.
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Syn. -- Vehemence; outrage; fierceness; eagerness; violation; infraction; infringement; transgression; oppression.
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Violence, v. t. To assault; to injure; also, to bring by violence; to compel. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
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Violent (?), a. [F., from L. violentus, from vis strength, force; probably akin to Gr. � a muscle, strength.] 1. Moving or acting with physical strength; urged or impelled with force; excited by strong feeling or passion; forcible; vehement; impetuous; fierce; furious; severe; as, a violent blow; the violent attack of a disease.
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Float upon a wild and violent sea. Shak.
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A violent cross wind from either coast. Milton.
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2. Acting, characterized, or produced by unjust or improper force; outrageous; unauthorized; as, a violent attack on the right of free speech.
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To bring forth more violent deeds. Milton.
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Some violent hands were laid on Humphrey's life. Shak.
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3. Produced or effected by force; not spontaneous; unnatural; abnormal.
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These violent delights have violent ends. Shak.
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No violent state can be perpetual. T. Burnet.
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Ease would recant
Vows made in pain, as violent and void. Milton.
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Coloq. Violent presumption (Law), presumption of a fact that arises from proof of circumstances which necessarily attend such facts. -- Coloq. Violent profits (Scots Law), rents or profits of an estate obtained by a tenant wrongfully holding over after warning. They are recoverable in a process of removing.
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Syn. -- Fierce; vehement; outrageous; boisterous; turbulent; impetuous; passionate; severe; extreme.
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Violent, n. An assailant. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
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Violent, v. t. [Cf. F. violenter.] To urge with violence. [Obs.] Fuller.
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Violent, v. i. To be violent; to act violently. [Obs.]
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The grief is fine, full, perfect, that I taste,
And violenteth in a sense as strong
As that which causeth it. Shak.
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Violently, adv. In a violent manner.
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Violescent (?), a. [L. viola a violet.] Tending to a violet color; violascent.
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Violet (?), n. [F. violette a violet (cf. violet violet-colored), dim. of OF. viole a violet, L. viola; akin to Gr. �. Cf. .] 1. (Bot.) Any plant or flower of the genus Viola, of many species. The violets are generally low, herbaceous plants, and the flowers of many of the species are blue, while others are white or yellow, or of several colors, as the pansy (Viola tricolor).
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☞ The cultivated sweet violet is Viola odorata of Europe. The common blue violet of the eastern United States is Viola cucullata; the sand, or bird-foot, violet is Viola pedata.
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2. The color of a violet, or that part of the spectrum farthest from red. It is the most refrangible part of the spectrum.
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3. In art, a color produced by a combination of red and blue in equal proportions; a bluish purple color. Mollett.
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4. (Zoöl.) Any one of numerous species of small violet-colored butterflies belonging to Lycæna, or Rusticus, and allied genera.
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