granitelike - Grapplement

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Graffiti (?), n. pl. [It., pl. of graffito scratched] 1. Inscriptions, figure drawings, etc., found on the walls of ancient sepulchers or ruins, as in the Catacombs, or at Pompeii.
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2. any writings or drawings on a surface in a public place, placed there without authorization of the owner of the object on which it is written. Such graffiti are usually unwelcome, and are considered as form of vandalism.
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Graffito (?), n. [It., fr. graffio a scratching.] 1. (Art) Production of decorative designs by scratching them through a surface of layer plaster, glazing, etc., revealing a different-colored ground; also, pottery or ware so decorated; -- chiefly used attributively.
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2. the singular form of , seldom used.
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Graft (?), n. [OE. graff, F. greffe, originally the same word as OF. grafe pencil, L. graphium, Gr. �, �, fr. � to write; prob. akin to E. carve. So named from the resemblance of a scion or shoot to a pointed pencil. Cf. , ] (a) A small shoot or scion of a tree inserted in another tree, the stock of which is to support and nourish it. The two unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit. (b) A branch or portion of a tree growing from such a shoot. (c) (Surg.) A portion of living tissue used in the operation of autoplasty.
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Graft (?), n. [Prob. orig. so called because illegitimate or improper profit was looked upon as a graft, or sort of excrescence, on a legitimate business undertaking, in distinction from its natural proper development.] 1. Acquisition of money, position, etc., by dishonest or unjust means, as by actual theft or by taking advantage of a public office or any position of trust or employment to obtain fees, perquisites, profits on contracts, legislation, pay for work not done or service not performed, etc.; illegal or unfair practice for profit or personal advantage; also, anything thus gained. [Colloq.]
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2. A “soft thing” or “easy thing;” a “snap.” [Slang]
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Graft, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Grafted; p. pr. & vb. n. Grafting.] [F. greffer. See , n.] 1. To insert (a graft) in a branch or stem of another tree; to propagate by insertion in another stock; also, to insert a graft upon. [Formerly written graff.]
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2. (Surg.) To implant a portion of (living flesh or akin) in a lesion so as to form an organic union.
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3. To join (one thing) to another as if by grafting, so as to bring about a close union.
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And graft my love immortal on thy fame ! Pope.
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4. (Naut.) To cover, as a ring bolt, block strap, splicing, etc., with a weaving of small cord or rope-yarns.
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Graft, v. i. To insert scions from one tree, or kind of tree, etc., into another; to practice grafting.
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Graftage (?), n. (Hort.) The science of grafting, including the various methods of practice and details of operation.
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Grafter (?), n. 1. One who inserts scions on other stocks, or propagates fruit by ingrafting.
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2. An instrument by which grafting is facilitated.
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3. The original tree from which a scion has been taken for grafting upon another tree. Shak.
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Grafting n. 1. (Hort.) The act, art, or process of inserting grafts.
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2. (Naut.) The act or method of weaving a cover for a ring, rope end, etc.
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3. (Surg.) The transplanting of a portion of flesh or skin to a denuded surface; autoplasty.
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4. (Carp.) A scarfing or endwise attachment of one timber to another.
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Coloq. Cleft grafting (Hort.) a method of grafting in which the scion is placed in a cleft or slit in the stock or stump made by sawing off a branch, usually in such a manaer that its bark evenly joins that of the stock. -- Coloq. Crown grafting or Coloq. Rind grafting , (Hort.) a method of grafting which the alburnum and inner bark are separated, and between them is inserted the lower end of the scion cut slantwise. -- Coloq. Saddle grafting , a mode of grafting in which a deep cleft is made in the end of the scion by two sloping cuts, and the end of the stock is made wedge-shaped to fit the cleft in the scion, which is placed upon it saddlewise. -- Coloq. Side grafting , a mode of grafting in which the scion, cut quite across very obliquely, so as to give it the form of a slender wedge, is thrust down inside of the bark of the stock or stem into which it is inserted, the cut side of the scion being next the wood of the stock. -- Coloq. Skin grafting . (Surg.) See -- Coloq. Splice grafting (Hort.), a method of grafting by cutting the ends of the scion and stock completely across and obliquely, in such a manner that the sections are of the same shape, then lapping the ends so that the one cut surface exactly fits the other, and securing them by tying or otherwise. -- Coloq. Whip grafting , tongue grafting, the same as splice grafting, except that a cleft or slit is made in the end of both scion and stock, in the direction of the grain and in the middle of the sloping surface, forming a kind of tongue, so that when put together, the tongue of each is inserted in the slit of the other. -- Coloq. Grafting scissors , a surgeon's scissors, used in rhinoplastic operations, etc. -- Coloq. Grafting tool . (a) Any tool used in grafting. (b) A very strong curved spade used in digging canals. -- Coloq. Grafting wax , a composition of rosin, beeswax tallow, etc., used in binding up the wounds of newly grafted trees.
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Graham bread (?). [From Sylvester Graham, a lecturer on dietetics.] Bread made of unbolted wheat flour. [U. S.] Bartlett.
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Grahamite (?), n. [See .] One who follows the dietetic system of Graham. [U. S.]
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Grail (?), n. [OF. greel, LL. gradale. See , n.] A book of offices in the Roman Catholic Church; a gradual. [Obs.] T. Warton.
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Such as antiphonals, missals, grails, processionals, etc. Strype.
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Grail, n. [OF. graal, greal, greet, F. graal, gréal, LL. gradalis, gradale, prob. derived fr. L. crater bowl, mixing vessel, Gr. krathr. See ] A broad, open dish; a chalice; -- only used of the Holy Grail.
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☞The Holy Grail, according to some legends of the Middle Ages, was the cup used by our Savior in dispensing the wine at the last supper; and according to others, the platter on which the paschal lamb was served at the last Passover observed by our Lord. This cup, according to the legend, if appoached by any but a perfectly pure and holy person, would be borne away and vanish from the sight. The quest of the Holy Grail was to be undertaken only by a knight who was perfectly chaste in thought, word, and act.
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Grail, n. [F. grêle hail, from grÉs grit, OHG. griex, grioz, G. gries, gravel, grit. See ] Small particles of earth; gravel. [Obs.]
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Lying down upon the sandy grail. Spenser.
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Grail (grāl), n. [Cf. OF. graite slender, F. grête.] One of the small feathers of a hawk.
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Graille (grāl), n. [Cf. F. grêle a sort of file.] A halfround single-cut file or fioat, having one curved face and one straight face, -- used by comb makers. Knight.
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Grain, v. & n. See [Obs.]
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Grain (grān), n. [F. grain, L. granum, grain, seed, small kernel, small particle. See , and cf. , n., , the chick-pea, , ]
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1. A single small hard seed; a kernel, especially of those plants, like wheat, whose seeds are used for food.
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2. The fruit of certain grasses which furnish the chief food of man, as corn, wheat, rye, oats, etc., or the plants themselves; -- used collectively.
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Storehouses crammed with grain. Shak.
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3. Any small, hard particle, as of sand, sugar, salt, etc.; hence, any minute portion or particle; as, a grain of gunpowder, of pollen, of starch, of sense, of wit, etc.
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I . . . with a grain of manhood well resolved. Milton.
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4. The unit of the English system of weights; -- so called because considered equal to the average of grains taken from the middle of the ears of wheat. 7,000 grains constitute the pound avoirdupois, and 5,760 grains the pound troy. A grain is equal to .0648 gram. See
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5. A reddish dye made from the coccus insect, or kermes; hence, a red color of any tint or hue, as crimson, scarlet, etc.; sometimes used by the poets as equivalent to Tyrian purple.
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All in a robe of darkest grain. Milton.
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Doing as the dyers do, who, having first dipped their silks in colors of less value, then give' them the last tincture of crimson in grain. Quoted by Coleridge, preface to Aids to Reflection.
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6. The composite particles of any substance; that arrangement of the particles of any body which determines its comparative roughness or hardness; texture; as, marble, sugar, sandstone, etc., of fine grain.
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Hard box, and linden of a softer grain. Dryden.
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7. The direction, arrangement, or appearance of the fibers in wood, or of the strata in stone, slate, etc.
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Knots, by the conflux of meeting sap,
Infect the sound pine and divert his grain
Tortive and errant from his course of growth. Shak.
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8. The fiber which forms the substance of wood or of any fibrous material.
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9. The hair side of a piece of leather, or the marking on that side. Knight.
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10. pl. The remains of grain, etc., after brewing or distillation; hence, any residuum. Also called draff.
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11. (Bot.) A rounded prominence on the back of a sepal, as in the common dock. See , a., 4.
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12. Temper; natural disposition; inclination. [Obs.]
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Brothers . . . not united in grain. Hayward.
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13. A sort of spice, the grain of paradise. [Obs.]
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He cheweth grain and licorice,
To smellen sweet. Chaucer.
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Coloq. Against the grain , against or across the direction of the fibers; hence, against one's wishes or tastes; unwillingly; unpleasantly; reluctantly; with difficulty. Swift. Saintsbury.-- Coloq. A grain of allowance , a slight indulgence or latitude a small allowance. -- Coloq. Grain binder , an attachment to a harvester for binding the grain into sheaves. -- Coloq. Grain colors , dyes made from the coccus or kermes insect. -- Coloq. Grain leather . (a) Dressed horse hides. (b) Goat, seal, and other skins blacked on the grain side for women's shoes, etc. -- Coloq. Grain moth (Zoöl.), one of several small moths, of the family Tineidæ (as Tinea granella and Butalis cerealella), whose larvæ devour grain in storehouses. -- Coloq. Grain side (Leather), the side of a skin or hide from which the hair has been removed; -- opposed to flesh side. -- Coloq. Grains of paradise , the seeds of a species of amomum. -- Coloq. grain tin , crystalline tin ore metallic tin smelted with charcoal. -- Coloq. Grain weevil (Zoöl.), a small red weevil (Sitophilus granarius), which destroys stored wheat and other grain, by eating out the interior. -- Coloq. Grain worm (Zoöl.), the larva of the grain moth. See grain moth, above. -- Coloq. In grain , of a fast color; deeply seated; fixed; innate; genuine. “Anguish in grain.” Herbert. -- Coloq. To dye in grain , to dye of a fast color by means of the coccus or kermes grain [see , n., 5]; hence, to dye firmly; also, to dye in the wool, or in the raw material. See under
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The red roses flush up in her cheeks . . .
Likce crimson dyed in grain. Spenser.
-- Coloq. To go against the grain of (a person), to be repugnant to; to vex, irritate, mortify, or trouble.
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Grain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Grained (grānd); p. pr. & vb. n. Graining.] 1. To paint in imitation of the grain of wood, marble, etc.
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2. To form (powder, sugar, etc.) into grains.
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3. To take the hair off (skins); to soften and raise the grain of (leather, etc.).
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Grain, v. i. [F. grainer, grener. See , n.] 1. To yield fruit. [Obs.] Gower.
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2. To form grains, or to assume a granular form, as the result of crystallization; to granulate.
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Grain (grān), n. [See a part of the body.]
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1. A branch of a tree; a stalk or stem of a plant. [Obs.] G. Douglas.
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2. A tine, prong, or fork. Specifically: (a) One the branches of a valley or of a river. (b) pl. An iron fish spear or harpoon, having four or more barbed points.
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3. A blade of a sword, knife, etc.
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4. (Founding) A thin piece of metal, used in a mold to steady a core.
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Grained (grānd), a. 1. Having a grain; divided into small particles or grains; showing the grain; hence, rough.
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2. Dyed in grain; ingrained.
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Persons lightly dipped, not grained, in generous honesty, are but pale in goodness. Sir T. Browne.
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3. Painted or stained in imitation of the grain of wood, marble, etc.
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4. (Bot.) Having tubercles or grainlike processes, as the petals or sepals of some flowers.
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Grainer (grānẽr), n. 1. An infusion of pigeon's dung used by tanners to neutralize the effects of lime and give flexibility to skins; -- called also grains and bate.
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2. A knife for taking the hair off skins.
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3. One who paints in imitation of the grain of wood, marble, etc.; also, the brush or tool used in graining.
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Grainfield (grānfēld), n. A field where grain is grown.
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graininess n. the quality of being composed of relatively large particles.
Syn. -- coarseness, granularity.
[WordNet 1.5]

Graining, n. 1. Indentation; roughening; milling, as on edges of coins. Locke.
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2. A process in dressing leather, by which the skin is softened and the grain raised.
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3. Painting or staining, in imitation of the grain of wood, stone, etc.
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4. (Soap Making) The process of separating soap from spent lye, as with salt.
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Graining, n. (Zoöl.) A small European fresh-water fish (Leuciscus vulgaris); -- called also dobule, and dace.
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Grains (grānz), n. pl. 1. See 5th , n., 2 (b).
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2. Pigeon's dung used in tanning. See n., 1.
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Grainy (grān�), a. Resembling grains; granular.
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Graip (grāp), n. [Perh. akin to grope, gripe.] A dungfork. [Scot.] Burns.
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Graith (grāth), v. t. [Obs.] See Chaucer.
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Graith, n. Furniture; apparatus or accouterments for work, traveling, war, etc. [Scot.] Jamieson.
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Grakle (grăk'l), n. (Zoöl.) See
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Grallæ (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. grallae stilts, for gradulae, fr. gradus. See ] (Zoöl.) An order of birds which formerly included all the waders. By later writers it is usually restricted to the sandpipers, plovers, and allied forms; -- called also Grallatores.
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Grallatores (?), n. pl. [NL. from L. grallator one who runs on stilts.] (Zoöl.) See .

Grallatorial (?), Grallatory (?), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Grallatores, or waders.
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Grallic (?), a. (Zoöl.) Pertaining to the Grallæ.
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Gralline (līn), a. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the Grallæ.
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Gralloch (?), n. Offal of a deer. -- v. t. To remove the offal from (a deer).
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-gram (?). [Gr. ? a thing drawn or written, a letter, fr. grafein to draw, write. See ] A suffix indicating something drawn or written, a drawing, writing; -- as, monogram, telegram, chronogram.
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Gram (?), a. [AS. gram; akin to E. grim. √35.] Angry. [Obs.] Havelok, the Dane.
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Gram, n. [Pg. gr?o grain. See ] (Bot.) The East Indian name of the chick-pea (Cicer arietinum) and its seeds; also, other similar seeds there used for food.

Gram, Gramme (?), n. [F. gramme, from Gr. ? that which is written, a letter, a small weight, fr. ? to write. See ] The unit of weight in the metric system. It was intended to be exactly, and is very nearly, equivalent to the weight in a vacuum of one cubic centimeter of pure water at its maximum density. It is equal to 15.432 grains. See , n., 4.
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Coloq. Gram degree , or Coloq. Gramme degree (Physics), a unit of heat, being the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water one degree centigrade. -- Coloq. Gram equivalent (Electrolysis), that quantity of the metal which will replace one gram of hydrogen.
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Grama grass (?). [Sp. grama a sort of grass.] (Bot.) The name of several kinds of pasture grasses found in the Western United States, esp. the Bouteloua oligostachya.
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Gramarye (?), n. [OE. gramer, grameri, gramori, grammar, magic, OF. gramaire, F. grammaire. See ] Necromancy; magic. Sir W. Scott.
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Gramashes (?), n. pl. [See ] Gaiters reaching to the knee; leggings.
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Strong gramashes, or leggings of thick gray cloth. Sir W. Scott.
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Grame (?), n. [See , a.] 1. Anger; wrath; scorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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2. Sorrow; grief; misery. [Obs.] Chaucer.
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Gramercy (?), interj. [F. grand-merci. See , and ] A word formerly used to express thankfulness, with surprise; many thanks.
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Gramercy, Mammon, said the gentle knight. Spenser.
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